Molecular evolution of a primate-specific microRNA family

Lineage-specific microRNA (miRNA) families may contribute to developmental novelties during evolution. However, little is known about the origin and evolution of new miRNA families. We report evidence of an Alu-mediated rapid expansion of miRNA genes in a

湖北省珍稀濒危保护水禽物种多样性及种群数量

使用直接计数法和专项调查法于1996年5月~2003年7月对湖北省珍稀濒危保护水禽物种多样性和种群数量进行了研究。结果表明:湖北省珍稀濒危保护水禽有45种,隶属于6目9科24属;记录到34种,其中有黄嘴白鹭和小苇鳽2个新记录种。按区系型分,古北界种类占优势,有35种,东洋种8种,广布种2种;按季节型分,冬候鸟为主体,有30种,夏候鸟8种,旅鸟5种,留鸟2种;按生活型分,涉禽23种,游禽22种,种类几乎相等。种群数量为41.1796万只。在45种珍稀水禽中,IUC红皮书水禽23种,8 247 只;中国红皮书

巢湖富营养化对河蚬和环棱螺分布及种群密度影响

2001年9月和2002年9月两次对巢湖河蚬和环棱螺的调查表明,在富营养化程度较重的西湖区,河蚬生物量分别为17.87和47.29g.m-2;环棱螺生物量分别为45.45和12.56g.m-2.而在富营养化程度较轻的东湖区,河蚬的生物量分别为67.86和96.18g.m-2;环棱螺的生物量分别为32.00和31.21g.m-2.河蚬和环棱螺的种群密度和生物量均随水体富营养化的加剧而下降.近岸带河蚬和环棱螺的密度和生物量明显高于敞水区.河蚬的分布型为核心型,而环棱螺更接近随机性分布.河蚬和环棱螺的种群密度和

π-Conjugated molecules with fused rings for organic field-effect transistors: design, synthesis and applications

π-Conjugated molecular materials with fused rings are the focus of considerable interest in the emerging area of organic electronics, since the combination of excellent charge carrier mobility and high stability may lead to their practical applications. This tutorial review discusses the synthesis, properties and applications of π-conjugated organic semiconducting materials, especially those with fused rings. The achievements to date, the remaining problems and challenges, and the key research that needs to be done in the near future are all discussed.

Relating monolithic and granular leaching from contaminated soil treated with different cementitious binders.

This work employed a clayey, silty, sandy gravel contaminated with a mixture of metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) and diesel. The contaminated soil was treated with 5 and 10% dosages of different cementitious binders. The binders include Portland cement, cement-fly ash, cement-slag and lime-slag mixtures. Monolithic leaching from the treated soils was evaluated over a 64-day period alongside granular leachability of 49- and 84-day old samples. Surface wash-off was the predominant leaching mechanism for monolithic samples. In this condition, with data from different binders and curing ages combined, granular leachability as a function of monolithic leaching generally followed degrees 4 and 6 polynomial functions. The only exception was for Cu, which followed the multistage dose-response model. The relationship between both leaching tests varied with the type of metal, curing age/residence time of monolithic samples in the leachant, and binder formulation. The results provide useful design information on the relationship between leachability of metals from monolithic forms of S/S treated soils and the ultimate leachability in the eventual breakdown of the stabilized/solidified soil.

Object-recognition with oblique observation directions based on biomimetic pattern recognition

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for omnidirectional object-recognition in free space. The proposed scheme divides above problem into several onmidirectional object-recognition with different depression angles. An onmidirectional object-recognition system with oblique observation directions based on a new recognition theory-Biomimetic Pattern Recognition (BPR) is discussed in detail. Based on it, we can get the size of training samples in the onmidirectional object-recognition system in free space. Omnidirection ally cognitive tests were done on various kinds of animal models of rather similar shapes. For the total 8400 tests, the correct recognition rate is 99.89%. The rejection rate is 0.11% and on the condition of zero error rates. Experimental results are presented to show that the proposed approach outperforms three types of SVMs with either a three degree polynomial kernel or a radial basis function kernel.

基于GIS的绿地景观可达性研究——以沈阳市为例

目的利用GIS系统建立城市绿地可达性模型,评价绿地景观格局与服务功能,从而为城市绿地的规划、营建、格局优化、管理提供决策支持.方法基于物理势能模型,以人口密度、道路分布、土地利用以及绿地面积作为模型参数,建立了城市绿地景观可达性评价模型,该模型既强调城市绿地的空间分布格局的重要性,又强调城市绿地的为居民提供服务的有效性,并以沈阳市区城市绿地作为实例研究.结果研究表明(1)研究区可达性处于第1、2等级的绿地面积分别占68.08%、21.64%,沈阳市区的绿地分布格局基本合理,绿地可以为城市居民提供较好的服务;(2)研究区绿地可达性值分布存在一定空间聚集现象,显示较高的空间自相关性,明确了沈阳市区绿地建设的重点和方向.结论绿地景观可达性揭示了人们对城市绿地的利用程度,反映了城市绿地价值的空间分布,是城市绿地景观格局与功能评价的一次新尝试.

景观健康概念、特征及其评价

景观健康是近年来出现于景观生态学与新兴的生态系统健康学领域的一个新的生态学概念 ,旨在探讨人类强烈活动干扰下遭受严重污染与退化、甚至会逐渐消失的景观生态系统的健康问题 .本文针对目前所存在的有关景观健康的基本概念、景观健康的特征与标准进行了详细介绍 ,并就景观健康评价指标的确立、评价时空尺度与等级以及评价方法分别进行了探讨 .最后 ,还强调了在进行景观健康评价时应运用比较的、综合的以及发展的观点开展研究 .

改进的以SMT为基础的实时系统限界模型检测

基于SAT的限界模型检测在处理实时系统时具有很高的复杂度.SMT求解器在计算可满足性的同时,还能处理算术和其他可判定性理论.在对实时系统进行检测时,用SMT求解器代替SAT求解器,系统里的时钟就可以用整型或实型变量表示,时钟约束则可以直接表示成线性算术表达式,从而使整个检测过程更加高效.带时间参数的计算树逻辑(timed computation tree logic,简称TCTL)被用来描述实时系统里的性质.同时,还对检测方法作了相应的改进.