Ferroelectric liquid crystal over silicon devices

Over the past 20 years, ferroelectric liquid crystal over silicon (FLCOS) devices have made a wide impact on applications as diverse as optical correlation and holographic projection. To cover the entire gamut of this technology would be difficult and long winded; hence, this paper describes the significant developments of FLCOS within the Engineering Department at the University of Cambridge.The purpose of this paper is to highlight the key issues in fabricating silicon backplane spatial light modulators (SLMs) and to indicate ways in which the technology can be fabricated using cheap, low-density production and manufacturability. Three main devices have been fabricated as part of several research programmes and are documented in this paper. The fast bitplane SLM and the reconfigurable optical switches for aerospace and telecommunications systems (ROSES) SLM will form the basis of a case study to outline the overall processes involved. There is a great deal of commonality in the fabrication processes for all three devices, which indicates their potential strength and demonstrates that these processes can be made independent of the SLMs that are being assembled. What is described is a generic process that can be applied to any silicon backplane SLM on a die-by-die basis. There are hundreds of factors that can affect the yield in a manufacturing process and the purpose of a good process design procedure is to minimise these factors. One of the most important features in designing a process is fabrication experience, as so many of the lessons in this business can only be learned this way. We are working with the advantage of knowing the mistakes already made in the flat panel display industry, but we are also faced with the fact that those mistakes took many years and many millions of dollars to make.The fabrication process developed here originates and adapts earlier processes from various groups around the world. There are also a few totally new processes that have now been adopted by others in the field. Many, such as the gluing process, are still on-going and have to be worked on more before they will fully suit 'manufacturability'. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

稀有鮈鲫β-肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆及其同源性分析

采用RT-PCR方法,从稀有鮈鲫肌肉组织中分离和克隆出β-肌动蛋白基因cDNA部分序列,长度为1 029 bp,编码343个氨基酸残基.序列分析表明,该cDNA序列与其他物种β-肌动蛋白基因同源性非常高.RT-PCR能够检出该基因在稀有鮈鲫肌肉、眼、脑、心脏、肝、肠、鳃、睥、卵巢等组织中广普表达,在胚胎不同发育时期持续恒量表达.并基于已知的鱼类β-肌动蛋白基因序列构建了进化树.

The Category-Theoretic Solution of Recursive Domain Equations

Recursive specifications of domains plays a crucial role in denotational semantics as developed by Scott and Strachey and their followers. The purpose of the present paper is to set up a categorical framework in which the known techniques for solving these equations find a natural place. The idea is to follow the well-known analogy between partial orders and categories, generalizing from least fixed-points of continuous functions over cpos to initial ones of continuous functors over $\omega $-categories. To apply these general ideas we introduce Wand's ${\bf O}$-categories where the morphism-sets have a partial order structure and which include almost all the categories occurring in semantics. The idea is to find solutions in a derived category of embeddings and we give order-theoretic conditions which are easy to verify and which imply the needed categorical ones. The main tool is a very general form of the limit-colimit coincidence remarked by Scott. In the concluding section we outline how compatibility considerations are to be included in the framework. A future paper will show how Scott's universal domain method can be included too.

分布反馈光纤激光器模式特性分析

根据耦合波理论,在分析分布反馈(DFB)光纤激光器纵模特性的基础上,着重阐述其偏振特性。另外给出了偏振态同耦合系数和双偏振态相移量差的关系。理论分析结果表明,当分布反馈光纤激光器输出为0阶模时,输出激光的偏振状态由耦合系数和双偏振态的相移量差共同决定,即在耦合系数一定的情况下,通过增加双偏振态相移量的差,或在双偏振态相移量差一定的情况下,通过减小耦合系数,可以实现单偏振输出。实验中在经载氢处理的掺铒光纤上制作分布反馈光纤激光器,由于耦合系数较大和双折射效应过小,输出为双偏振态。

海南岛西部热带沙漠化土地特征与成因

IEECAS SKLLQG