378 resultados para 1316


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本发明涉及一种胡蜂抗菌肽及其制备方法和应用,属于生物医学技术领域。胡蜂抗菌肽是从中国节肢类动物胡蜂毒液中分离得到的一种单链多肽,分子量1316.6道尔顿,等电点8.59,多肽全序列为:NH2-IDWKGIAAMAKI-COOH。其制备方法是:电刺激胡蜂收集的蜂毒离心去除沉淀,冷冻干燥后经凝胶过滤柱层析、离子交换柱层析和反相高压液相色谱后分离纯化后得到。胡蜂抗菌肽具有对细菌、真菌、病毒及肿瘤细胞生长强烈活性抑制作用,并且还具有无溶血活性、血浆凝固活性等优点,可作为制备病原微生物感染疾病的治疗药物和肿瘤治疗药物的应用。

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Theory suggests that spatial structuring should select for intermediate levels of virulence in parasites, but empirical tests are rare and have never been conducted with castration (sterilizing) parasites. To test this theory in a natural landscape, we co

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In reciprocal mutualism systems, the exploitation events by exploiters might disrupt the reciprocal mutualism, wherein one exploiter species might even exclude other coexisting exploiter species over an evolutionary time frame. What remains unclear is how such a community is maintained. Niche partitioning, or spatial heterogeneity among the mutualists and exploiters, is generally believed to enable stability within a mutualistic system. However, our examination of a reciprocal mutualism between a fig species (Ficus racemosa) and its pollinator wasp (Ceratosolen fusciceps) shows that spatial niche partitioning does not sufficiently prevent exploiters from overexploiting the common resource (i.e., the female flowers), because of the considerable niche overlap between the mutualists and exploiters. In response to an exploiter, our experiment shows that the fig can (1) abort syconia-containing flowers that have been galled by the exploiter, Apocryptophagus testacea, which oviposits before the pollinators do; and (2) retain syconia-containing flowers galled by Apocryptophagus mayri, which oviposit later than pollinators. However, as a result of (2), there is decreased development of adult non-pollinators or pollinator species in syconia that have not been sufficiently pollinated, but not aborted. Such discriminative abortion of figs or reduction in offspring development of exploiters while rewarding cooperative individuals with higher offspring development by the fig will increase the fitness of cooperative pollinating wasps, but decrease the fitness of exploiters. The fig fig wasp interactions are diffusively coevolved, a case in which fig wasps diversify their genotype, phenotype, or behavior as a result of competition between wasps, while figs diverge their strategies to facilitate the evolution of cooperative fig waps or lessen the detrimental behavior by associated fig wasps. In habitats or syconia that suffer overexploitation, discriminative abortion of figs or reduction in the offspring development of exploiters in syconia that are not or not sufficiently pollinated will decrease exploiter fitness and perhaps even drive the population of exploiters to local extinction, enabling the evolution and maintenance of cooperative pollinators through the movement between habitats or syconia (i.e., the metapopulations).

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为了深入了解分泌片和IgA在粘膜免疫系统中的作用,自猕猴和小鼠胆汁中提取和纯化分泌片,SDS-PAGE结果表明猕猴和小鼠游离分泌片的分子量均约为60kDa,但在非解聚型聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳时分子量分别为74kDa和62kDa。采用LKB-8100等电聚焦柱测定其PI范围,猕猴分泌片为4.3—5.9,小鼠分泌片为3.9—5.4。免疫双扩散证明,猕猴和小鼠胆汁中的分泌片均能与兔抗人分泌片免疫血清发生交叉反应。猕猴,小鼠胆汁中的分泌片及人乳汁中的分泌片与小鼠抗人精子IgA型单抗(K014)进行体外组装后,以 Western Blot显示三物种的分泌片均能与小鼠 IgA单抗结合,其中小鼠分泌片的结合能力较强。

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三峡水库一期工程蓄水前半年(2003年1月—2003年6月)和蓄水后(2003年7月—2004年12月)期间,香溪河库湾浮游藻类的种类演替和数量变化的调查结果。与蓄水前的数据相比,蓄水仅半年绿藻的种类数就明显增加,约相当于蓄水前的3倍;硅藻的种类数略有减少;其余各门藻类的种类数亦有轻度变化。整个调查期间,藻类细胞密度和生物量的最高峰值均出现在S6采样点,细胞密度达6.93×107cells/L(2004年6月),生物量达87.24mg/L(2004年3月),其余采样点基本显示由北向南依次递减的趋势。本文参

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液滴操纵和控制是实现微全分析系统(μTAS)和芯片上的实验室(lab-on-a-chip)功能的基础,基于液滴操控的显示及微透镜已经成功应用。目前电润湿启动液滴方法简单、响应时间快,引起越来越多的关注。另一方面超疏水表面上的液滴具有低摩擦、低粘附的特性,借由这种原理制作的微流器件可以实现微量液体传输。为了更好的利用超疏水表面的特性,就需要研究液滴运动规律,以及表面特性的影响。

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IEECAS SKLLQG

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通过野外实地调查与相对干扰度计算,采用物种多样性指数及方差分析、相关分析等方法,对长白山北坡原始林(阔叶红松林)与2种次生林(杂木林与桦木林)的植物物种多样性进行了比较研究,并对影响物种多样性的可能因素进行了系统分析。结果表明:原始林共记录植物物种91种,分别隶属于46科72属;杂木林共记录植物物种128种,分别隶属于53科92属;桦木林共记录植物物种108种,分别隶属于52科87属。仅从Shannon-w iener多样性指数看,桦木林的乔木层、草本层和总体多样性均最小,而灌木层多样性最大;原始林在乔木层多样性小于杂木林,但是在灌木层、草本层和总体多样性均大于杂木林。原始林与次生林草本层的多样性较高,均大于相应的乔木层和灌木层。以原始林为参照,较大的干扰强度使乔木层多样性降低,而较小的干扰强度不仅不会降低乔木层多样性,反而可以增加其多样性;灌木、草本层的多样性受干扰的变化与乔木层相反。

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根据2006年Landsat TM影像,利用Erdas和ArcGIS软件,结合区划理论和聚落地理学,对辽宁省中部城市群的居民地分布格局进行了研究。结果表明:1)辽宁省中部城市群居民地在斑块数量上主要以小型斑块为主,斑块面积<1km2的斑块数量达斑块总数的96.38%,在斑块面积上以沈阳等几个大型城市的居民地占主要地位。2)依据居民地面积的空间比重将辽宁省中部城市群居民地划分为东部地区、沈阳地区和西部地区3个特征区域,其中沈阳地区平均斑块面积最大,城市化程度最高;西部地区斑块密度最大,居民地最为密集;东部地区平均斑块面积和斑块密度均最小,居民地发育程度低于另2个区域。3)尽管居民地在3个区域内都呈随机分布,但其指示参数——最邻近点指数还是体现出明显的区划差异。4)居民地分布受中心城市的影响显著,各中心城市的辐射范围不同,大小依次为沈阳>鞍山>铁岭>营口>辽阳>本溪>抚顺。

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植物根际沉积是一种重要的植物与土壤交换的界面过程,在土壤碳周转方面具有重要的作用;根际碳的沉积也是联系植物、土壤及微生物的桥梁.本文就近年来关于根际沉积中碳平衡、碳循环等相关研究,阐述了根际碳沉积的机制,探讨了相关试验中存在的问题,以及不同植物品种、种类和生育期根际沉积的差异和根际沉积物与土壤呼吸的关系,指出了根际沉积在植物-土壤体系中碳循环的重要作用.在此基础上,提出了未来的研究领域及方向.