Estudi hidrodinàmic per elements finits de diferents pales simètriques per a la impulsió a rem en banc fix

Actualment l’esport del rem només s’entén com a activitat de lleure o esport de competició.Dins del rem, hi ha una gran varietat de disciplines esportives; totes coincideixen en l’impuls d’una embarcació mitjançant un sistema de palanques simple. Es diferencien en dos grans grups: el banc mòbil i el banc fix. El banc mòbil disposa d’un seient sobre rodes que permet aprofitar la força de les cames per la impulsió, en canvi, en el banc fix, no hi ha desplaçament del seient, el que implica el treball del tors i braços. Un dels punts que tenen en comú tot el banc fix, és el disseny del seu rem; a diferènciadel banc mòbil on la pala pot tenir el disseny que es vulgui. En banc fix la pala del rem ha de ser simètrica i alineada amb la canya del rem. L’objectiu d’aquest projecte és l’anàlisi hidrodinàmic de diferents models de pales simètriques per tal de determinar el model més eficient, des del punt de vista hidrodinàmic, per a la impulsió de l’embarcació de banc fix. Així, es simularan virtualment diferents models de pales simètriques disponibles en el mercat com models prototipus amb un programa de dinàmica de fluids computacional. L’anàlisi dels resultats determinarà el model més eficient. En la realització del projecte, l’estudi hidrodinàmic es realitzarà de manera virtual a partir de la utilització de programes comercials de dinàmica de fluids. Així com també programes de disseny 3D i programes de mallat que siguin compatibles amb el programa de simulació a utilitzar. En el disseny s’utilitzaran programes com Autocad i Rhinoceros, després, en funció del disseny, utilitzarem un programa d’elements finits anomenat ICEM ANSYS que mallarà la geometria emprada. Finalment, la simulació s’efectuarà amb el programa ANSYS CFX. L’estudi no preveu el càlcul de resistència mecànica dels models ni la seva construcció

La educación sexual y la prevención de embarazos no deseados, retos de la promoción de la salud sexual y reproductiva

Boletín semanal para profesionales sanitarios de la Secretaría General de Salud Pública y Participación Social de la Consejería de Salud

Effectiveness of Pregabalin as Monotherapy or Combination Therapy for Neuropathic Pain in Patients Unresponsive to Previous Treatments in a Spanish Primary Care Setting

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Patients from a previous study of neuropathic pain (NP) in the Spanish primary care setting still had symptoms despite treatment. Subsequently, patients were treated as prescribed by their physician and followed up for 3 months. Since pregabalin has been shown to be effective in NP, including refractory cases, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of pregabalin therapy in patients with NP refractory to previous treatments. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of pregabalin-naïve NP patients treated with pregabalin in a 3-month follow-up observational multicenter study to assess symptoms and satisfaction with treatment. Patients were evaluated with the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 questions (DN4), the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the Treatment Satisfaction for Medication Questionnaire (SATMED-Q) overall satisfaction domain. RESULTS 1,670 patients (mean age 58 years, 59 % women), previously untreated or treated with ≥1 drug other than pregabalin, were treated with pregabalin (37 % on monotherapy). At 3 months, pain intensity and its interference with activities decreased by half (p < 0.0001), while the number of days with no or mild pain increased by a mean of 4.5 days (p < 0.0001). Treatment satisfaction increased twofold (p < 0.0001). Patients with a shorter history of pain and those with neuralgia and peripheral nerve compression syndrome (PCS) as etiologies had the highest proportion on monotherapy and showed the greatest improvements in pain-related parameters in their respective group categories. CONCLUSION Treatment with pregabalin (as monotherapy or combination therapy) provides benefits in pain and treatment satisfaction in patients with NP, including refractory cases. Shorter disease progression and neuralgia and PCS etiologies are favorable factors for pregabalin treatment response.

RTOG 0525: A randomized phase iii trial comparing standard adjuvant temozolomide (tmz) with a dose-dense (dd) schedule in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (gbm)

Radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ is the standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM. MGMT methylation status may be an important determinant of treatment response. This trial, conducted by the RTOG, EORTC, and NCCTG, determined if intensified TMZ improves survival (OS) or progression free survival (PFS) in all patients or specific to MGMT status. Eligibility criteria included age . 18 yrs, KPS ≥ 60, and existence of a tissue block with . 1cm2 tumor for prospective MGMT and retrospective molecular analysis. Patients were randomized to Arm 1: standard TMZ (150-200 mg/m2 x 5 d) or Arm 2: dd TMZ (75-100 mg/m2 x 21 d) q 4 wks for 6-12 cycles. Symptom burden, quality of life (QOL), and neurocognition were prospectively and longitudinally assessed in a patient subset. 833 patients were randomized (1173 registered). Inadequate tissue (n ¼ 144) was the most frequent reason for nonrandomization.No statistical difference was observed between Arms 1 and 2 for median OS (16.6, 14.9 mo, p ¼ 0.63), median PFS (5.5, 6.7 mo, p ¼ 0.06), or methylation status. MGMT methylation was associated with improved OS (21.2, 14 mo, p , 0.0001), PFS (8.7, 5.7 mo, p , 0.0001), and treatment response (p ¼ 0.012). Cox modeling identifiedMGMT status and RPA class as significant predictors of OS; treatment arm and radiation technique (EORTC vs. RTOG) were not. There was increased grade ≥ 3 toxicity in Arm 2 (19%, 27%, p ¼ 0.008), which was mostly lymphopenia and fatigue. This study did not demonstrate improved efficacy for dd TMZ for newly diagnosed GBM regardless of methylation status. However, it confirmed the prognostic significance of MGMT methylation in GBM, demonstrated the feasibility of tumor tissue collection, molecular stratification, and collection of patient outcomes in a large transatlantic intergroup trial, thereby establishing a viable clinical trial paradigm. Support: NCI U10 CA 21661 and U10 CA37422.

Lack of antitumour activity of human recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha, alone or in combination with melphalan in a nude mouse human melanoma xenograft system.

The most promising developments in the field of isolated limb perfusion have centred around the use of the recombinant cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) in combination with melphalan. While the results of clinical trials are impressive, the exact antitumour mechanisms of rTNF-alpha and its role in combination with melphalan remain unclear. Our aim was to study the antitumour activity of human rTNF-alpha with or without the combination of melphalan in a nude mouse human melanoma xenograft system. In a first attempt to define the maximal tolerated single dose of rTNF-alpha in this setting, 15 animals were exposed to increasing doses of rTNF-alpha (60-2500 microg/kg intraperitoneally). All but one animal survived and tumour growth was not influenced by these single dose applications of rTNF-alpha even at the very high doses. Anti-tumour activity of repeated application of melphalan (three times 9 mg/kg in group 2 and three times 6 mg/kg in group 3), of rTNF-alpha alone (nine doses of 50 microg/kg in group 4), and of rTNF-alpha in combination with melphalan (nine doses of 50 microg/kg rTNF-alpha and three times 6 mg/kg melphalan in group 5) was further compared with non-treated animals (group 1). Tumour growth was significantly inhibited in all animals treated with melphalan (group 2, 3 and 5), but was not decreased in animals treated with rTNF-alpha alone (group 4). Mean final tumour volumes and mean tumour weight were not different in group 2 (789 +/- 836 mm3, 0.38 +/- 0.20 g), group 3 (1173 +/- 591 mm3, 0.55 +/- 0.29 g) and group 5 (230 +/- 632 mm3, 0.37 +/- 0.29 g), but significant lower than group 1 (3156 +/- 1512 mm3, 2.35 +/- 0.90 g) and group 4 (3228 +/- 1990 mm3, 2.00 +/- 1.16 g). There were no significant differences between high and low dose melphalan treatment and between melphalan treatment in combination with rTNF-alpha. Histological examination did not show differences between treated and non-treated animals besides slightly inhibited mitotic activities of tumour cells in melphalan-treated animals. While tumour growth of human xenotransplanted melanoma in nude mice could be inhibited by melphalan, we failed to demonstrate any antitumour effect of rTNF-alpha. The combination of melphalan and rTNF-alpha did not enhance the antiproliferative effect of melphalan alone. Human xenotransplanted tumours on nude mice might not be the ideal experimental setting for studies of potential direct antineoplastic activity of rTNF-alpha, and these results support the concept that TNF-alpha exerts its antitumour activity indirectly, possibly by impairing the tumour vasculature and by activating the immune system.

Abundancia masiva y crecimiento de pre-adultos de la concha de abanico peruana (Argopecten purpuratus) en la zona de Pisco bajo condiciones de El niño 1983

Una abundancia masiva de pre-adultos de la concha de abanico se observó en la zona de Pisco a fines de abril de 1983, dando lugar a un considerable aumento de su explotación en los meses siguientes. Para conocer el tiempo que esta especie necesita para reclutarse a la pesquería, el crecimiento de pre-adultos muy pequeños (promedio de 8,2 mm) fue observado en una bandeja de fondo durante las estaciones de otoño e invierno en 1983. Después de 110 días, las conchas alcanzaron el tamaño mínimo permitido (55 mm) indicando un crecimiento muy rápido en comparación a otros pectínidos.

Retribution in a cheap-talk experiment

We use a two-person 3-stage game to investigate whether people chooseto punish or reward another player by sacrificing money to increase or decrease the other person's payoff. One player sends a message indicating an intended play, which is either favorable or unfavorable to the other player in the game. After the message, the sender and the receiver play a simultaneous 2x2 game. A deceptive message may be made, in an effort to induce the receiver to make a play favorable to the sender. Our focus is on whether receivers' rates of monetary sacrifice depend on the process and the perceived sender's intention,as is suggested by the literature on deception and proceduralsatisfaction. Models such as Rabin (1993), Sen (1997), and Charnessand Rabin (1999) also permit rates of sacrifice to be sensitive to the sender's perceived intention, while outcome-based models such as Fehr and Schmidt (1999) and Bolton and Ockenfels (1997) predict otherwise. We find that deception substantially increases the punishment rate as a response to an action that is unfavorable to the receiver. We also find that a small but significant percentage of subjects choose to reward a favorable action choice made by the sender.

D'où viens-tu et où vas-tu? De la naissance impensable à la destinée impensée

(Résumé de l'ouvrage) Dans quelle mesure la sépulture est-elle un symbole privilégié pour penser le lien social aujourd'hui? Tel qu'il existe dans l'Antigone de Sophocle, le motif de la sépulture nous aiderait-il à penser - comme à panser - les traumatismes collectifs associés aux innombrables cadavres laissés sans sépulture au cours des siècles? Ce livre explore notamment ces questions sous l'angle archéologique, historique, anthropologique, philologique, théologique et psychanalytique.

[Michel Skobelev] / [Levitsky & Syn]

Donateur : Kouropatkine, Alexeï Nicolaïévitch (1848-1926)