Interleukin 3 or interleukin 1 abrogates the reconstituting ability of hematopoietic stem cells.

Because of their known myelopoietic activities, both interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-1 are often used in combination with other cytokines for in vitro (ex vivo) expansion of stem cells. We have investigated the effects of IL-3 and IL-1 on in vitro expansion of murine hematopoietic stem cells with long-term engraftment capabilities, using a highly purified progenitor population. Lineage-negative, Ly-6A/E+, c-kit+ bone marrow cells from male mice were cultured in suspension in the presence of stem cell factor, IL-6, IL-11, and erythropoietin with or without IL-3 or IL-1. Kinetic studies revealed an exponential increase in total nucleated cells and about 10-fold enhancement of nucleated cells by IL-3 during the initial 10 days. Addition of IL-3 hastened the development but significantly suppressed the peak production of colony-forming cells. Addition of IL-1 also significantly suppressed the numbers of colony-forming cells. The reconstituting ability of the cultured cells was tested by transplanting the expanded male cells into lethally irradiated female mice. The cells expanded from enriched cells in the absence of IL-3 and IL-1 revealed engraftment at 2, 4, 5, and 6 months, whereas addition of IL-3 or IL-1 to the cultures significantly reduced the reconstituting ability. The results suggest that these cytokines may have a modulatory role on the self-renewal of stem cells and further indicate that the use of IL-3 and IL-1 for in vitro expansion of human stem cells needs to be cautiously evaluated.

Synthesis of xanthone-1,2,3-triazole dyads

Xanthones and 1,2,3-triazoles are known to exhibit several biological, pharmacological and biocidal properties[1]. The potential applications of these two classes of heterocycles led us to develop new strategies to synthesize xanthone-1,2,3-triazole dyads, aiming to get potentially improved therapeutic agents[2]. With this rational in mind we designed and synthesized novel chromone derivatives 1a-d to be used as building motifs and to explore the reactivity of the two unsaturated systems (the diene and the alkyne). In the present communication we will present a new synthetic route towards the synthesis of xanthone-1,2,3-triazole dyads 7a-d using consecutively the azide-alkyne Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and Diels-Alder reaction. Our approach involves the synthesis chromone-triazole derivatives 2a-d using the reaction of 1a-d with sodium azide, followed by the methylation of the NH of the triazole moiety. The methylation afforded three isomers 3a-d, 4a-d and 5a-d, as expected. The major isomers 3a-d were used in the Diels-Alder reaction with N-methylmaleimide, and the adducts obtained 6a-d were oxidized to afford the xanthone-1,2,3-triazole dyads 7a-d. All the synthetic details as well as the structural characterization (by 1D and 2D NMR studies) of the new synthesised compounds will be presented and discussed.

R.P. Iacobi Granado ... In tertiam partem S. Thomae Aquinatis commentarii : in duos tomos distincti, quartum scilicet [et] quintum, a quaestione prima vsque ad vltimam et additionibus á q.1 ad 20 [et] à 25 vsque ad 40 [et] à 69 vsque ad ultimam : quibus tres indices adiecti sunt ...

"Panegyricus funebris P. Georgii Hemelman ... Societatis Iesu ... in obitum ... P. Iacobi Granadi...", 50 p.

Diarii spiritualis partis 1ae vol.i,ii; pars 2a; partis 3ae vol.i,ii; pars 4a sive Diarium minus; partis 5ae vol.i,ii; pars 6a,7a [sectio i], ii,iv,v (in 4 vol.)

Vol.4 contains pt.4, 6, and 7, [sectio i], ii,iv,v. anal. in vol. IV, "pt.7, sectio 4,5."

Operator and organizational maintenance manual : armament subsystem, helicopter, 7.62 millimeter machine gun, high rate, XM27E1 (1005-933-6242) (used on OH-6A helicopter).

"August 1969."

Direct support, general support, and depot maintenance repair parts and special tools list : armament subsystem, helicopter, 7.62 millimeter machine gun, high rate, XM27E1, (1005-933-6242), (used on OH-6A helicopter).

Includes index.

Direct and general support maintenance manual : armament subsystem, helicopter, 7.62 millimeter machine gun, high rate, XM27E1 (1005-933-6242) (used on OH-6A helicopters).

"July 1969."

Operator, organizational, direct support, and general support maintenance manual for tester, fuel injector pump : single end drive, 150 to 3600 RPM (4910-01-037-9417) and adapter kits, fuel injector : American Bosch APE-6BB (4910-01-005-2850), American Bosch PSB-6A and PSB-6 (4910-01-005-2851), American Bosch PSB-12BT (4910-01-005-2852), Simmonds SU (4910-01-005-2853), International Harvester 3200 (4910-01-006-3073), American Bosch PSJ-6A (4910-01-006-3072), Caterpillar (4910-01-005-2854), Roosa Master (4910-01-005-2855), and Cummins (4910-00-763-7495).

Description based on vol. 1.

Operator, organizational, direct support, and general support maintenance manual for tester, fuel injector pump : single end drive, 150 to 3600 RPM (4910-01-037-9417) and adapter kits, fuel injector : American Bosch APE-6BB (4910-01-005-2850), American Bosch PSB-6A and PSB-6 ....

"May 1982"--Vol. 1.

Operator and organizational maintenance manual : armament subsystem, helicopter, 7.62 millimeter machine gun, high rate, XM27E1, (1005-933-6242), (used on OH-6A helicopter).

Includes index.