Perfil sanitário e pesquisa de Salmonella em frangos e lingüiças pela metodologia tradicional e pela PCR

Novos hábitos alimentares da população e as mudanças nos sistemas de produção e distribuição dos alimentos podem estar fortemente relacionados aos casos de doenças transmitidas pelo consumo de alimentos contaminados por microorganismos. Isso faz com que a preocupação com a qualidade microbiológica dos alimentos aumente mundialmente. Dentre os principais patógenos, destaca-se a Salmonella sp, que pertence à microbiota gatrentestinal de animais silvestres e de animais domésticos criados para o consumo humano (aves, bovinos e suínos). Este fato torna o problema de grande relevância para as autoridades de saúde pública, pois esses microrganismos podem estar associados às infecções ou surtos provocados pela ingestão de alimentos contaminados. Foram coletadas 35 amostras de lingüiças e 25 cortes de frango, nos principais supermercados do município de Botucatu-SP e avaliados quanto à qualidade higiênico-sanitária através da determinação do número mais provável de coliformes termotolerantes (CT), além da presença de Salmonella sp. Os resultados obtidos mostram que 31% das lingüiças e 84% das amostras de frango estavam fora dos padrões higiênico-sanitários estabelecido pela ANVISA (RDC n° 12), que determina uma quantidade máxima de 5x103 CT/g em lingüiça e 104 /g em carne de aves. Em relação à Salmonella sp, estabeleceu-se a ausência dessa bactéria em 25g de lingüiça e não determina nenhum parâmetro para o frango. Entre as 25 amostras de frango analisadas, duas (8%) foram positivas pela metodologia tradicional. Esse... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Metodologia Microbiológica Convencional e Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR) na detecção de Salmonella spp em carcaças de frango

Salmonella is the etiological agent responsible for one of the most important Food Borne Disease (FBD), Salmonellosis, which generates significant economic consequences in several countries, including Brazil. Poultry meat is one of the most important disseminators of the pathogen. Accordingly, several countries have developed programs trying to reduce the prevalence of Salmonella in poultry meat. Such programs are based on the research of the pathogen in the carcasses, establishing a maximum limit of positive samples at each set of analysis. The Salmonella scans are usually made using the conventional microbiological methods, which tend to be expensive and time consuming. In recent years were developed rapid methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which can greatly shorten the results time, showing greater sensitivity and specificity than conventional methodology

Imunidade de aves (Gallus gallus) para Salmonella enterica subesp. enterica Sorovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Study of Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay of (Z)-piplartine by the Ames test

Processo FAPESP

Resistência antimicrobiana e prevalência de sorovares de salmonella spp. isolados de fezes e linfonodos de suinos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Pesquisa de salmonella em mutuns (mitu mitu) mantidos em cativeiro

We collected 50 samples of curasow feces from the Scientific and Cultural Breeding Center in the city of Poços de Caldas. The samples were enriched in broth medium Tetrationato and Cystine-selenite and plated on Salmonella Shigella (SS), Mac Conkey (MC), endo-C (EC), Brilliant Green (VB) and Eosyn Methilen Blue EMB, remaining at 37 °C for 24h. Colonies suspected of Salmonella were inoculated in tubes containing Agar Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) and again incubated at 37 ºC for 24h. Tubes with characteristic growth were submitted to slide agglutination test with polyvalent somatic and flagellar serum. The medium SS, MC and VB were the most efficient for growing, and 36% of samples were positive for Salmonella spp. As birds are important reservoirs of Salmonella spp and it may represent a high risk to human health, there is a need to implement a cleaning routine in enclosures avoiding contamination between the enclosures and the consequent entrainment of these micro-organisms, by the keepers until their homes or other venues. The presence of Salmonella in breeding centers may be responsible for lower hatchability of eggs, undermining the purpose of the entity, which is to study and maintain the various birds species.

Seroprevalence of salmonella and mycoplasma in commercial broilers, backyard chickens, and spent hens in the region of Triangulo Mineiro, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Avian salmonellosis and mycoplasmosis are infectious diseases that, in addition of causing lack of flock uniformity, represent a hazard to human health. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of mycoplasmosis and salmonellosis in commercial broilers, backyard chickens, and spent hens slaughtered at a processing plant with local health inspection in Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. A total of 210 samples were randomly collected at the time of bleeding. Samples were submitted to rapid plate serum agglutination test (RSA) for the classification of Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum, Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae. In order to increase result specificity, mycoplasmosis-positive samples were submitted to hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). No samples presented detectable antibodies against Salmonella pullorum or Salmonella gallinarum in the RSA test. Only Mycoplasma synoviae was detected in 14% of the backyard chickens and 0.74% in commercial broilers, whereas no antibodies were detected in spent hens. The seroprevalence rates found in the present study emphasize the need of keeping chicken flocks free from disease using effective biosafety systems.

Identification and characterization of regions of difference between the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum and the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Pullorum genomes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Draft genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum strain FCAV198, a Brazilian chicken pathogen

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum is a bird-restricted pathogen which causes pullorum disease. The strain FCAV198 was isolated from a pool of chicken ovaries in Brazil, and its genome may be helpful for studies involving molecular mechanisms related to pathogenesis and other related applications.

Toxicogenetic effects of low concentrations of the pesticides imidacloprid and sulfentrazone individually and in combination in in vitro tests with HepG2 cells and Salmonella typhimurium

The insecticide imidacloprid and the herbicide sulfentrazone are two different classes of pesticides that are used for pest control in sugarcane agriculture. To evaluate the genotoxic potential of low concentrations of these two pesticides alone and in mixture, the comet assay and the micronucleus (MN) test employing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a centromeric probe were applied in human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2), in a 24-h assay. Mutagenicity was assessed by Salmonella/microsome assay with TA98 and TA100 strains in the absence and presence of an exogenous metabolizing system (S9). The results showed significant inductions of MN in HepG2 cells by both pesticides, for all the tested concentrations. As evidenced in the comet assay, only the imidacloprid presented significant responses. When the two pesticides were associated, a significant induction of damage was observed in the HepG2 cells by the comet assay, but not by the MN test. Moreover, the MN induced by the mixtures of the pesticides appeared at lower levels than those induced by sulfentrazone and imidacloprid when tested alone. According to the FISH results, the damage induced by imidacloprid in the HepG2 cells resulted from a clastogenic action of this insecticide (76.6% of the MN did not present a centromeric signal). For the herbicide sulfentrazone and for the mixture of the pesticides, a similar frequency of MN with and without the presence of the centromeric signal (herbicide: 52.45% of the MN without centromeric signal and 47.54% of the MN with centromeric signal; mixture: 48.71% of the MN without centromeric signal and 51.42% of the MN with centromeric signal) was verified. Based on these results, it was concluded that each one of the pesticides evaluated interacts with the DNA of HepG2 cells and causes irreparable alterations in the cells. However, the combination of the pesticides showed an antagonistic effect on the cells and the damage induced was milder and not persistent in HepG2 cells. The results obtained by the Ames test did not point out significant results.

Clonal relatedness and resistance patterns of Salmonella Corvallis from poultry carcasses in a Brazilian slaughterhouse

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perfil molecular e resistência a antimicrobianos de Salmonella isolada em linfonodos mesentéricos de suínos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Quantificação de enterobactérias e Clostridium spp. e detecção molecular de Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp. em pontos de cadeia produtiva da carne de frango

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Eradication of Salmonella Typhimurium in broiler chicks by combined use of P22 bacteriophage and probiotic

It has been reported that the phage therapy is effective in controlling the number of colony-forming unit (CFU) of Salmonella spp. in chicken gut. This paper describes the protective effect of phage and Lactobacilli administration on Salmonella infection in 1-day-old chicks. We administered the bacteriophage P22 in a single dose and a probiotic mixture of four species of bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus once a day for one week. Samples were analyzed every 48 hours, and intestinal eradication of S. Typhimurium was confirmed after treatments. We observed an increase in the size of duodenal villi and cecal crypts, as well as an increase in body weight in groups that received daily doses of Lactobacilli. This study confirms the efficiency of bacteriophage therapy in controlling salmonellosis in chicks and the beneficial effect of Lactobacilli mixtures in the weight gain of the birds.