Indenture of Land Sold by Solomon Quick to Henry Woodruff

Indenture regarding land sold by Solomon Quick of Niagara Township to Henry Woodruff from London District consisting of 1/4 acre and 4 perches in the Village of St. Davids. This was registered on February 2, 1826 - instrument no. 6761, February 3, 1821.

Indenture between Jacob Canniff and Susan Canniff

Indenture (vellum) of bargain and sale between Jacob Canniff and Susan Canniff of Niagara to Lewis Clement of Niagara, the south half of Lot 69 Town of Niagara - Instrument no. 7072, June 21, 1827.

Indenture between Benjamin Middough and William Woodruff

Indenture between Benjamin Middough of the town of Pendleton in Niagara County, New York and William Woodruff of Niagara Township regarding the sale of Lot no. 36 in the 9th Concession in the Township of Nottawasaga. This is accompanied by a memorial of the Deed of Bargain which is dated June 10, 1837. Memorial no. 4060, May 20, 1837.

Indenture between Andrew Heron and Charles Donaldson

Indenture (vellum) between Andrew Heron of Niagara Township and Charles Donaldson of Niagara Township concerning a portion of the estate of the late Colonel John Butler consisting of Three Mile Creek Farm - indenture no. 2135. This document is water damaged and wrinkled. Part of the document is missing. March 1, 1845.

Indenture between William and Ann Waters and William B. Winterbottom

Indenture of mortgage with dower between William and Ann Waters of Niagara to William B. Winterbottom of Niagara regarding the easterly half of Lot no. 265 in Niagara. This was recorded in the Register of Forms of Niagara on April 13, 1850, Book A, folios 207-208 - instrument no. 2093, April 1, 1850.

Indenture between Barnet Ulman, Benjamin Ulman, Peter Ulman and Philophilus Carpenter

Indenture between Barnet Ulman and Peter Ulman of Niagara Township to Asa Philophilus Carpenter of Niagara Township regarding 300 acres in Lot no. 15 in the 1st Concession and the north half of Lot no. 11 in the 2nd Concession of the Township of Southwood - instrument no. 680. This was listed in folio 287, November 9, 1852.

Indenture between Robert Sparrow Delatre, Thomas Sheppard Smyth, Thomas Hector, and Arthur Shaw

Indenture between Robert Sparrow Delatre of Stamford Township, Thomas Sheppard Smyth of Brussels, Belgium, formerly of Stamford Township and Thomas Hector of Quebec, trustees of the last will and testament of Philip Chesneau Delatre to the Bank of Upper Canada and Arthur Shaw of Niagara Township regarding Lot no. 3 in the 1st Concession and Lot no. 4 in the 1st Concession, part of Lot no. 3 in the 2nd Concession, 50 acres of Lot no. 4 in the 4th Concession, 200 acres in Lot no. 8 in the 11th Concession in Blandford in the County of Oxford and broken Lot no. 11 in the 18th Concession in the Township of Zorra - instrument no. 6083. This is listed in the Blandford folio 184 and 185 in folio 63 and 64. Joseph Woodruff has signed this as conveyancer, March 29, 1853.

Indenture between James and Hannah Vine and James Butler

Indenture of bargain between James and Hannah Vine of the Town of Niagara and James Butler of Niagara Township for 1/2 an acre and 6/10 of an acre of Lot no. 113 in the Township of Niagara. The instrument no. is 6325. May 11, 1855.

Indenture between George William Allen and Samuel Zimmerman

Indenture of bargain and sale between George William Allen of Toronto and Samuel Zimmerman of Niagara Falls for 200 acres more or less in Lot no. 13 in the South Concession in the Township of Warwick, May 8, 1856.

License of Occupation

License of occupation. This is a 2 ½ page handwritten document which states “By General Sir Peregrine Maitland, commanding his Majesty’s Forces in North America” license and permission is granted to Robert Hamilton of the Township of Niagara for water Lot no. 7 on the Niagara River. This section is signed by P. Maitland on March 15, 1825. The second half of the document states that Robert Hamilton of Queenston grants the land to Robert Melville, president of the Niagara Harbour and Dock Co. Sept. 15, 1832.

Diagram of lot no. 10 in Willoughby

Diagram of lot no. 10 in Willoughby. The names on the outside of this document include: Matthew Singh, provincial land surveyor, Toronto; George S. Field, contractor, Niagara Falls; E. T. Phelps and H. Lyman, lawyer, Niagara Falls. The document is quite warn and fragile. This does not affect the text, n.d.

Indenture (vellum) between the Honorable William Dickson of Galt to Robert Dickson of Niagara

Indenture (vellum) between the Honorable William Dickson of Galt to Robert Dickson of Niagara, William Dickson the Younger of Galt and Walter Dickson of Niagara for 3 roods and 38 perches in the Village of Galt in the Township of Dumphries. This is enclosed in a vellum folder, Oct. 18, 1836.

Une tradition technologique régionale de l’industrie de pierre polie dans la vallée de l’Outaouais au cours de l’Archaïque supérieur

La séquence culturelle régionale de l’Archaïque supérieur et terminal de la vallée de l’Outaouais n’est pas complétée, mais les variations stylistiques, technologiques et fonctionnelles des artéfacts sur le plan régional et local facilitent le découpage culturel. La reconstruction de la chaîne opératoire des haches, des herminettes et des gouges en pierre polie des sites Muldoon et Lamoureux, deux sites du sud-est ontarien, pourrait permettre de déceler une tradition technologique régionale à cheval entre l’Archaïque laurentien, l’Archaïque post-laurentien et d’autres courants des Grands Lacs. L’analyse des haches, des herminettes et des gouges des sites Muldoon et Lamoureux démontre l’utilisation massive de l’amphibolite. La moitié distale de ces outils est surtout polie et finement abrasée et la moitié proximale souvent éclatée, mais parfois abrasée. Ces éléments technologiques et l’industrie de pierre taillée démontrent des ressemblances et des différences avec les sites laurentiens de la région, et certains sites post-laurentiens du Québec et de l’Ontario méridional. Le matériel en pierre polie des sites Muldoon et Lamoureux démontre des liens technologiques vers l’Ouest tout en gardant un contact avec la sphère d’interaction postlaurentienne. La vallée de l’Outaouais semble alors prendre une place indépendante dans l’Archaïque supérieur, certaines continuités technologiques s’observent entre l’Archaïque laurentien et l’Archaïque post-laurentien.

BIOCHEMICAL GENETIC STUDIES ON THE OIL SARDINE, Sardinella longiceps (CUVIER AND VALENCIENNES, 1847) FROM SELECTED CENTRES OF THE WEST COAST OF INDIA

The main objective of the present investigation was to study the biochemical genetic variability within the species and genetic structure of its regional populations from west coast. Realising the recent report of occurrence of oil sardine fishery in east coast of India, population samples from Mandapam and Madras were also included in the present investigation. The original data gathered on the population genetics of the species have helped to interpret and evaluate the results objectively. The important conclusions drawn from a detailed discussions on the subject would throw some light on the probable process of problematic fluctuations in the abundance of oil sardine fishery of India. The academic and applied values of present discoveries need not be emphasised. The data used for the doctoral thesis were generated during the ICAR ad-hoc project on the "Population genetic studies on oil sardine, sardinella longiceps to identity distinct genetic stocks", carried out at CMFRI, Cochin during the years, 1988-1991

Utilisation of Coir Geotextiles for Unpaved Roads and Embankments

The increasing tempo of construction activity the world over creates heavy pressure on existing land space. The quest for new and competent site often points to the needs for improving existing sites, which are otherwise deemed unsuitable for adopting conventional foundations. This is accomplished by ground improvement methods, which are employed to improve the quality of soil incompetent in their natural state. Among the construction activities, a well-connected road network is one of the basic infrastructure requirements, which play a vital role for the fast and comfortable movement of inter- regional traffic in countries like India.One of the innovative ground improvement techniques practised all over the world is the use of geosynthetics, which include geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, etc . They offer the advantages such as space saving, enviromnental sensitivity, material availability, technical superiority, higher cost savings, less construction time, etc . Because of its fundamental properties, such as tensile strength, filtering and water permeability, a geotextile inserted between the base material and sub grade can function as reinforcement, a filter medium, a separation layer and as a drainage medium. Though polymeric geotextiles are used in abundant quantities, the use of natural geotextiles (like coir, jute, etc.) has yet to get momentum. This is primarily due to the lack of research work on natural geotextilcs for ground improvement, particularly in the areas of un paved roads. Coir geotextiles are best suited for low cost applications because of its availability at low prices compared to its synthetic counterparts. The proper utilisation of coir geotextilcs in various applications demands large quantities of the product, which in turn can create a boom in the coir industry. The present study aims at exploring the possibilities of utilising coir geotextiles for unpaved roads and embankments.The properties of coir geotextiles used have been evaluated. The properties studied include mass per unit area, puncture resistance, tensile strength, secant modulus, etc . The interfacial friction between soils and three types of coir geotextiles used was also evaluated. It was found that though the parameters evaluated for coir geotextiles have low values compared to polymeric geotextiles, the former are sufficient for use in unpaved roads and embankments. The frictional characteristics of coir geotextile - soil interfaces are extremely good and satisfy the condition set by the International Geosynthetic Society for varied applications.The performance of coir geotextiles reinforced subgrade was studied by conducting California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Studies were made with coir geotextiles placed at different levels and also in multiple layers. The results have shown that the coir geotextile enhances the subgrade strength. A regression analysis was perfonned and a mathematical model was developed to predict the CBR of the coir geotextile reinforced subgrade soil as a function of the soil properties, coir geotextile properties, and placement depth of reinforcement.The effects of coir geotextiles on bearing capacity were studied by perfonning plate load tests in a test tan1e This helped to understand the functioning of geotextile as reinforcement in unpaved roads and embankments. The perfonnance of different types of coir geotextiles with respect to the placement depth in dry and saturated conditions was studied. The results revealed that the bearing capacity of coir-reinforced soil is increasing irrespective of the type of coir geotextiles and saturation condition.The rut behaviour of unreinforced and coir reinforced unpaved road sections were compared by conducting model static load tests in a test tank and also under repetitive loads in a wheel track test facility. The results showed that coir geotextiles could fulfill the functions as reinforcement and as a separator, both under static and repetitive loads. The rut depth was very much reduced whik placing coir geotextiles in between sub grade and sub base.In order to study the use of Coir geotextiles in improving the settlement characteristics, two types of prefabricated COlf geotextile vertical drains were developed and their time - settlement behaviour were studied. Three different dispositions were tried. It was found that the coir geotextile drains were very effective in reducing consolidation time due to radial drainage. The circular drains in triangular disposition gave maximum beneficial effect.In long run, the degradation of coir geotextile is expected, which results in a soil - fibre matrix. Hence, studies pertaining to strength and compressibility characteristics of soil - coir fibre composites were conducted. Experiments were done using coir fibres having different aspect ratios and in different proportions. The results revealed that the strength of the soil was increased by 150% to 200% when mixed with 2% of fibre having approximately 12mm length, at all compaction conditions. Also, the coefficient of consolidation increased and compression index decreased with the addition of coir fibre.Typical design charts were prepared for the design of coir geotextile reinforced unpaved roads. Some illustrative examples are also given. The results demonstrated that a considerable saving in subase / base thickness can he achieved with the use of eoir geotextiles, which in turn, would save large quantities of natural aggregates.