Social and financial aspects of the artisanal fisheries of Middle Sao Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The presence or absence of motorized boats, partnerships and multispecies catches characterize the fisheries of Sao Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fishing activity based on 109 interviews, carried out in the wet (high water: February and March) and dry (low water: July and August) seasons, with professional fishermen are described. Aiming to identify the fishery income components, a covariance model was proposed, with the income as the response variable, related to the factors: fishing ground, use of motorized or paddle boat; seasonality; presence of fishing assistant, and the following covariates: capture in weight in the week Frier to the interview, fisherman experience in yrs; and distance (km) travelled for fishing. The results indicated that the main contributions to income were the absence of an engine (because of high price of the fuel), the absence of a partner (because of low capture) and the amount of fish caught by the fishermen.

Small-scale fisheries in the middle River Tocantins, Imperatriz (MA), Brazil

The description of the small-scale fisheries in the middle River Tocantins and their dynamics, in a full year cycle, was made out using questionnaires when interviewing fishermen at Imperatriz market. The landed fish exhibited a seasonal pattern related to the hydrological cycle, fishing effort and species diversity. Curimata, Prochilodus nigricans Agassiz, is the most important commercial fish. The fishing gears used in the area are castnets, gillnets, longlines and beach seines. Thirty-six percent of fish landed were caught exclusively by beach seine which mainly targets curimata. Alterations in the physical and biological characteristics of the middle River Tocantins due to the building of the Tucurui dam (2850 km(2) total area) allowed the mapara, Hipophthalmus marginatus Valenciennes, to colonise this area. During the closed season for nets, Siluriformes are the target of the fisheries, caught exclusively by longlining.

Time-based competitiveness in Brazil: whys and hows

The objective of the paper is to report research carried out over two years aiming at developing a framework to support the management of manufacturing organizations for whom reducing throughput time is strategically important, either because they compete based on short lead times or because they choose to pursue other objectives such as cost reduction by means of reducing their manufacturing cycle times. A step-by-step method is proposed based on the analyses of a number of Brazilian best practice cases (all manufacturing companies and all part of large multi-national corporations) and on the relevant literature.

Three varieties of capital surge management in Chile

Includes bibliography

Fuzzy environmental quality index

This paper presents the construction of a fuzzy environmental quality index for decision support in municipal environmental management. Five groups of indicators were selected in order to obtain an equation that best represented reality in terms of environmental quality. The calculation was carried out using fuzzy mathematical concepts, with the aid of the package Fuzzy Logical Toolbox 2.1 for Matlab ® 6.1, which provides functions and some applications of the theory of fuzzy sets. The work seeks to create a method of inference concerning the nature of urban areas that are unsustainable with respect to the environment, an issue that is often relegated to the background during public policy discussions. The development of this index, together with its implementation and dissemination, could improve public awareness of environmental issues, and promote mobilization towards the use of best practices in local development. © 2010 IEEE.

Characterization and impact of the sugarcane borer on sugarcane yield and quality

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a key pest of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). While damage caused by this pest has increased in the past 20 yr, studies investigating the insect-plant interactions are still lacking. Moreover, there is no information about the consequences of borer damage on the parameters of sugar quality. Therefore, two field experiments were performed during the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons in Brazil to compare the raw material and sugar quality of SP80-3280 sugarcane plants with and without the sugarcane borer. Plants were protected within screen cages and infested weekly during the 2010 and 2011 seasons, using egg masses starting at the second and third internode stage. At harvest, 25.77 and 19.01% of the internodes were bored by larvae (infestation intensity, II) in the first and second seasons, respectively. There was no correlation between the borer gallery total volume and II. The fiber content significantly increased with increasing II. The stalk biometric parameters, such as length, diameter, and yield, were not correlated with II. The sucrose yield significantly decreased with increasing II. Consequently, sugar yield losses were estimated at 8.83 and 19.80% per 1% bored internode for the first and second seasons, respectively. The concentration of phenolic compounds increased, and unclarified juice color quality decreased, with increasing II. Significant differences were detected in the quality of the sugar. These results should be confirmed for other sugarcane cultivars and incorporated into an economic injury level to enhance decision-making strategies for borer management. © 2013 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved.

The meaning of evidence-based management to brazilian senior nurse leaders

Purpose: The study objective was to understand the meaning of evidence-based management for senior nurse leaders in accredited, public hospitals in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Design and Method: A phenomenological approach was used to analyze interviews conducted with 10 senior nurse leaders between August 2011 and March 2012. The analytic method was developed by the Brazilian phenomenologist, Martins. Findings: Senior nurse leaders described how they critically appraise many sources of evidence when making managerial decisions. They emphasized the importance of working with their teams to locally adapt and evaluate best evidence associated with managerial decision making and organizational innovations. Their statements also demonstrated how they use evidence-based management to support the adoption of evidence-based practices. They did not, however, provide specific strategies for seeking out and obtaining evidence. Notable challenges were traditional cultures and rigid bureaucracies, while major facilitators included accreditation, teamwork, and shared decision making. Conclusions: Evidence-based management necessitates a continuous process of locating, implementing, and evaluating evidence. In this study leaders provided multiple, concrete examples of all these processes except seeking out and locating evidence. They also gave examples of other leadership skills associated with successful adoption of evidence-based practice and management, particularly interdisciplinary teamwork and shared decision making. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates senior nurse leaders' awareness and utilization of evidence-based management. The study also suggests what aspects of evidence-based management need further development, such as more active identification of potential, new organizational innovations. © 2013 Sigma Theta Tau International.

Sistema com aeração, decantação e filtragem para melhoria da qualidade da água para irrigação localizada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

As estratégias internacionais de prevenção à violência em massa e a “nova guerra” no Darfur

Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

Utilização do custeio baseado em atividades em centro de material e esterilização como ferramenta gerencial

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

The economic infrastructure gap in Latin America and the Caribbean

This edition of the FAL Bulletin analyzes the impact of economic infrastructure on development in Latin America and the Caribbean and looks at future investment needs for 2006-2020. It reviews the specialized literature and updates the statistical information available on public and private investment in developing economic infrastructure in some countries in the region.

Middleware de comunicação entre objetos distribuídos para gerenciamento de computadores baseado em redes sem fio (WSE-OS)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação da genética molecular no manejo e conservação de tubarões

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modelagem da paisagem orientada ao processo decisório da gestão socioambiental na bacia hidrográfica do rio Manso (MT)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ferramentas para gestão estratégica da engenharia de manutenção: uma aplicação prática do MASP

Normalmente, os programas de manutenções implementados nas empresas de geração, transmissão e distribuição de energia elétrica buscam evitar que falhas venham a provocar a retirada do equipamento do sistema elétrico, o que significa grandes perdas financeiras, seja pela diminuição do faturamento, seja pelo pagamento de multas a agência reguladora, alem da diminuição da confiabilidade do sistema. Para evitar esses inconvenientes, a engenharia de manutencao lanca mao de ferramentas estrategicas para a gestao e solucoes dos problemas, visando a otimizacao, juntamente com circulo virtuoso de melhorias continuas nos processos de manutencao. Este trabalho tem por finalidade fazer uma analise da Metodologia de Analise e Solucao de Problemas (MASP), como ferramenta de gestao estrategica na busca e solucao de problemas no ambito da engenharia de manutencao. Para isso, inicialmente, apresenta-se uma serie de informacoes sobre a gestao da manutencao, bem como todo o arcabouco que envolve qualidade e ferramentas gerenciais. Com o capitulo que trata especificamente do MASP, tem-se uma nocao mais exata do quanto cada ferramenta e necessaria para que se possa desenvolver um bom trabalho, visto que ele retrata que essa metodologia nada mais e do que o somatorio de todas as ferramentas existentes, colocadas de maneira ordenada. Por fim, apresentam-se quatro estudos de casos, pelos quais pretendemos demonstrar a Metodologia de Analise e Solucao de Problemas e a aplicabilidade na gestão estratégica, com visão em resultados no ambiente da engenharia de manutenção no pilar das manutenções programadas e autônomas - MP/MA, no ambito da Divisãoo de Transmissão de Ji-Parana/RO - ORDJ, vinculada a Centrais Eletricas do Norte do Brasil (Eletronorte). Na conclusao, faz-se uma analise critica do uso da metodologia na prestação de serviços, baseada na aplicaão supracitada.