Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Pomeroy, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Pomeroy, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Vincent, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Vincent, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Release of vancomycin and teicoplanin from a plasticized and resorbable gelatin sponge: in vitro investigation of a new antibiotic delivery system with glycopeptides.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sustained release of vancomycin and teicoplanin from a resorbable gelatin glycerol sponge, in order to establish a new delivery system for local anti-infective therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 plasticized glycerol gelatin sponges containing either 10 or 20% gelatin (w/v) were incubated in vancomycin or teicoplanin solution at 20 degrees C for either 1 or 24 h. In vitro release properties of the sponges were investigated over a period of 1 week by determining the levels of vancomycin and teicoplanin eluted in plasma using fluorescent polarization immunoassay. The rate constant and the half-life for the antibiotic release of each group were calculated by linear regression assuming first order kinetics. RESULTS: Presoaking for 24 h was associated with a significant increase in the total antibiotic release in all groups opposed to 1 h of incubation, except for the 10% sponges presoaked in teicoplanin. Doubling the gelatin content of the sponges from 10 to 20% significantly increased the total release of antibiotic load only in teicoplanin-containing sponges after 24 h incubation. In all corresponding groups investigated, release of vancomycin was more prolonged compared to teicoplanin, which allowed a gradual release beyond 5 days. The half-life (h +/- SEM) of both types of vancomycin-containing sponges was significantly prolonged by 24 h incubation in comparison to 1 h incubation (29.1 +/- 5.9 vs 5.9 +/- 1.0; p < 0.001, 30.0 +/- 2.1 vs 11.1 +/- 1.9; p < 0.001). However, neither doubling the gelatin content of the sponges nor a prolonged incubation was associated with a significantly prolonged delivery of teicoplanin. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a better diffusion-controlled release of vancomycin-impregnated glycerol gelatin sponges compared to those pretreated with teicoplanin. The plasticized glycerol gelatin sponge may be a promising carrier for the application of vancomycin to infected wounds for local anti-infective therapy.

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Walcott, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Walcott, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Kimballton, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Kimballton, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Special investigation of the City of West Liberty for the period July 1, 2010 through January 31, 2014

Special investigation of the City of West Liberty for the period July 1, 2010 through January 31, 2014

Special investigation of the Iowa County Treasurer’s Office for the period January 1, 2005 through June 30, 2011

Special investigation of the Iowa County Treasurer’s Office for the period January 1, 2005 through June 30, 2011

Special investigation of the Sac County Treasurer’s Office Motor Vehicle Department for the period January 1, 2010 through February 27, 2014

Special investigation of the Sac County Treasurer’s Office Motor Vehicle Department for the period January 1, 2010 through February 27, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Glidden, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Glidden, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Report on a review of selected general and application controls over the Iowa State University of Science and Technology student financial aid system for the period of April 22, 2013 through May 17, 2013

Report on a review of selected general and application controls over the Iowa State University of Science and Technology student financial aid system for the period of April 22, 2013 through May 17, 2013

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Bertram, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Bertram, Iowa for the period August 1, 2013 through July 31, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Olin, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Olin, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Griswold, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Agreed-upon procedures report on the City of Griswold, Iowa for the period July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014

Performance and hormonal profile in broiler chickens fed with different energy levels during post restriction period

The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of diet energy level on performance and hormonal profiles of broilers during post restriction period. It was a split-plot experiment, and the main treatments were in a 2x2 factorial scheme. Birds were fed restricted to 30% of the ad libitum intake, from 7 to 14 days of age. After the restriction period, birds were fed ad libitum with diets containing low (2,900 kcal ME/kg) or high (3,200 kcal ME/kg) energy until 49 days of age. Broilers fed with high energy ration showed lower feed intake and better feed conversion and decreased carcass protein; however, abdominal fat pad, and total carcass fat were not affected by ration energy levels or feeding program. Neither diet energy level nor feed restriction program changed body weight at 49 days. The profile of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was reduced during the feed restriction period, but increased at refeeding period. Feeding program and ration energy level did not affect T3, T4 and growth hormone serum concentrations. Feed restriction at 30% of ad libitum intake is not enough to promote changes on carcass quality, related to fat deposition, and on metabolic hormone levels, except IGF-1 seric level that has rapid increase after feed restriction.