Quantum mechanical modeling of excited electronic states and their relationship to cathodoluminescence of BaZrO3

First-principles calculations set the comprehension over performance of novel cathodoluminescence (CL) properties of BaZrO3 prepared through microwave-assisted hydrothermal. Ground (singlet, s*) and excited (singlet s** and triplet t**) electronic states were built from zirconium displacement of 0.2 Å in {001} direction. Each ground and excited states were characterized by the correlation of their corresponding geometry with electronic structures and Raman vibrational frequencies which were also identified experimentally. A kind of optical polarization switching was identified by the redistribution of 4dz2 and 4dxz (Zr) orbitals and 2pz O orbital. As a consequence, asymmetric bending and stretching modes theoretically obtained reveal a direct dependence with their polyhedral intracluster and/or extracluster ZrO6 distortions with electronic structure. Then, CL of the as-synthesized BaZrO3 can be interpreted as a result of stable triplet excited states, which are able to trap electrons, delaying the emission process due to spin multiplicity changes. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

Partitioning of net primary production in Eucalyptus and Acacia stands and in mixed-species plantations: Two case-studies in contrasting tropical environments

The introduction of nitrogen fixing species (NFS) in fast-growing tree plantations is an alternative option to reduce fertilizer inputs. However, the success of mixed-species plantations depends on the balance between positive interactions among species (resulting from facilitation and/or complementarity) and the negative effects of interspecific competition.Using a carbon budget approach and coupling measurements of standing biomass, aboveground litterfall and soil CO2 efflux, we assessed the influence of replacing half of eucalypt trees by Acacia mangium on total belowground carbon flux (TBCF), net primary production (NPP) and its partitioning between above- and belowground growth at two tropical sites in Brazil (Itatinga) and in Congo (Kissoko) exhibiting contrasting climates, edaphic conditions and wood productions.Annual soil CO2 efflux (FS) was significantly lower in the acacia monocultures than in eucalypt monocultures and mixed-species stands at both sites. Annual FS was significantly lower at Itatinga compared to Kissoko for all stands while TBCF was significantly lower in the eucalypt stands only. In the eucalypt monocultures we found a significantly lower aboveground NPP (ANPP) and wood production (wood NPP) at Kissoko compared to Itatinga that was almost fully balanced by a significantly higher belowground NPP (BNPP), leading to similar NPP. Similarly, acacia monocultures exhibited significantly higher ANPP and wood NPP at Itatinga than at Kissoko. The mixed-species stands exhibited a significantly lower wood NPP and ANPP than the eucalypt monocultures at the Brazilian site while NPP of the mixture was not significantly different than the average NPP of the two monocultures. At the Congolese site, NPP of the mixture was significantly higher than the average NPP of the two monocultures. NPP was similar in the mixed-species stand and the eucalypt monoculture with a significantly lower partitioning of NPP to belowground production, leading to a one third higher wood biomass at harvest in the mixed-species stand.A positive effect of growing eucalypts with the nitrogen fixing acacia trees on stand wood production occurred at Kissoko but not at Itatinga. Mixed-species plantations with NFS can be advocated at sites where the productive gains resulting from nitrogen fixation are not compromised by other resource limitations. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Sustainable production of biologically active molecules of marine based origin

The marine environment offers both economic and scientific potential which are relatively untapped from a biotechnological point of view. These environments whilst harsh are ironically fragile and dependent on a harmonious life form balance. Exploitation of natural resources by exhaustive wild harvesting has obvious negative environmental consequences. From a European industry perspective marine organisms are a largely underutilised resource. This is not due to lack of interest but due to a lack of choice the industry faces for cost competitive, sustainable and environmentally conscientious product alternatives. Knowledge of the biotechnological potential of marine organisms together with the development of sustainable systems for their cultivation, processing and utilisation are essential. In 2010, the European Commission recognised this need and funded a collaborative RTD/SME project under the Framework 7-Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE) Theme 2 Programme 'Sustainable culture of marine microorganisms, algae and/or invertebrates for high value added products'. The scope of that project entitled 'Sustainable Production of Biologically Active Molecules of Marine Based Origin' (BAMMBO) is outlined. Although the Union is a global leader in many technologies, it faces increasing competition from traditional rivals and emerging economies alike and must therefore improve its innovation performance. For this reason innovation is placed at the heart of a European Horizon 2020 Strategy wherein the challenge is to connect economic performance to eco performance. This article provides a synopsis of the research activities of the BAMMBO project as they fit within the wider scope of sustainable environmentally conscientious marine resource exploitation for high-value biomolecules. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Reorganización y transferencia de la administración del agua a los usuarios: experiencia de la provincia de San Juan, Argentina

Incluye Bibliografía

La población en situación de pobreza organizada en comedores populares de Pampas de San Juan; Lima-Perú 1989-1991

Incluye Bibliografía

Alceu Amoroso Lima: matrizes e posições de um intelectual católico militante em perspectiva histórica - 1928-1946

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Geografias do drama humano: leituras do espaço em São Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos e Pedro Páramo, de Juan Rulfo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Municipio de San Juan Guelavia, Estado de Oaxaca, Mexico

Incluye Bibliografía

Apontamentos acerca das vicissitudes da subjetividade no mito de Don Juan

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impactos y vulnerabilidad al cambio climático de los principales ríos de Mendoza y San Juan a partir de la evolución de los glaciares cordilleranos: la economía del cambio climático en la Argentina

Mendoza y San Juan son las provincias de la región de Cuyo con recursos hídricos de origen netamente cordilleranos. El hidrograma de los ríos cuyanos se está modificado debido principalmente al aumento de la temperatura. De incrementarse la tendencia observada en la temperatura esta alteración podría tener un alto impacto en el manejo y regulación de los caudales. En este documento se muestran los resultados de dos estudios para esta región. El primero evalúa el comportamiento de las tendencias en la variabilidad de las precipitaciones, la temperatura, los caudales y el hidrograma frente a escenarios de cambio climático. Las cuencas más afectadas serían aquellas ubicadas hacia el sur de la región porque son las más bajas, en las cuales la disminución de las superficies alcanzaría porcentajes entre el 75% y 80% para fines de este siglo, con respecto a las superficies actuales. En estas condiciones es previsible una disminución de la superficie de los glaciares, con un fuerte retroceso de los mismos y la pérdida consiguiente de la reserva de agua en ellos almacenada. En la segunda parte del documento se cuantifica el impacto socioeconómico del cambio climático en las cuencas de Mendoza y San Juan. La reducción de los derrames de los ríos (oferta), el aumento de la demanda y los procesos de degradación del agua, determinaría el aumento del valor social marginal del agua. Mediante modelos de simulación se trazó el valor de corte entre oferta y demanda en el tiempo. La posición y trayectoria temporal del valor social marginal del agua, revelará la magnitud de la escasez, y la velocidad con que esta se incrementa. Estos indican el costo social de la escasez y robustez de la sustentabilidad en cada caso. Se realizan distintas corridas bajo escenarios alternativos para cada cuenca, lo que permite identificar políticas óptimas.

O narrador e a construção da ficcionalidade em Juan Saer, Italo Calvino, Ubaldo Ribeiro e Bernardo Carvalho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A pedra e a água: uma leitura comparada de Pedro Páramo (1955), de Juan Rulfo, e Como água para chocolate (1989), de Laura Esquivel

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS