AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DAS PRÁTICAS EM EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NO PERÍODO DE 1960-2000: Os trabalhos dos alunos, a voz das professoras e os documentos curriculares

Este trabalho tem como propósito à análise das transformações das práticas em educação infantil na Prefeitura Municipal de São Bernardo do Campo ao longo de quatro décadas, considerando as mudanças políticas e econômicas, bem como as tendências teóricas predominantes nos diferentes momentos investigados. Para uma maior aproximação com as práticas do passado, três elementos foram fundamentais: as teorias que subsidiaram os documentos e orientações curriculares; a voz das professoras, que através de seus relatos puderam expressar as práticas desenvolvidas em sua trajetória de formação e as mudanças que foram se efetivando ao longo dos anos; e os trabalhos produzidos pelos alunos ao longo das décadas estudadas. Esses trabalhos dos alunos foram organizados em quadros, apontando a freqüência com que determinados tipos de atividade aconteciam em diferentes épocas. Além desses quadros, os relatos das professoras puderam evidenciar maneiras como as transformações das práticas aconteceram, a partir do olhar de quem as pratica. A partir desses dados, busquei nas contribuições de Certeau elementos para compreender de que maneira os sujeitos históricos - professores - lidam com os produtos que lhes são impostos pela ordem social - orientações curriculares e novas teorias - transformando-os e reinventando-os em seu fazer cotidiano.

A SENSIBILIDADE DO OLHAR MULTIRREFERENCIAL ABRINDO CAMINHOS EM DIREÇÃO AO AUTOR-CIDADÃO

O estudo pretende debater a idéia de sujeito a partir do cruzamento das idéias de autonomia, autoria e autor-cidadão como eixo teórico para, a partir da abordagem multirreferencial, indagar sobre de que maneiras é possível contribuir para a formação de sujeitos autônomos considerando a prática em uma universidade privada confessional. O sujeito aqui é apresentado não na perspectiva de um corpo biológico e físico, mas como projeto, considerando a historicidade, sociabilidade e, também, a questão da psique do ser humano. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a formação do sujeito tendo em vista a proposta pedagógica da UMESP UNIVERSIDADE METODISTA DE SÃO PAULO. Esta opção justifica-se essencialmente pelo fato da escola apresentar uma proposta educacional diferenciada, que visa a formação cidadã. Os conceitos de instituição e autonomia são de extrema relevância para analisar no contexto da pesquisa proposta as representações e as práticas legítimas, bem como a necessidade de ressignificação da idéia de cidadania, diante das exigências da vida contemporânea. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos foi realizada a observação participante e com a aplicação de um roteiro qualificado buscou-se ouvir alunos da comunidade acadêmica. Foi possível perceber claramente as intenções ligadas à confessionalidade retratadas no Projeto Pedagógico da UMESP. Quanto às intenções dos alunos, observou-se a preocupação com a formação profissional. Tendo em vista nosso entendimento a respeito do exercício da cidadania a partir da autonomia do sujeito, estendemos nosso olhar para todos os atores sociais envolvidos. Observamos que é possível realizar um trabalho em direção ao autorcidadão porque o aluno, em geral, está aberto a transformar-se. A questão é relacional. Tem a ver de fato com a maneira como o ensino acontece. Professores e alunos devem encontrar-se como sujeitos em permanente construção, implicados. A educação pode desenvolver pessoas críticas e autônomas, sujeitos autores de suas próprias vidas atuando de acordo com seus desejos e conscientes de suas reais necessidades e responsabilidades.(AU)

ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS NÍVEIS DE ATRITO EM BRÁQUETES CONVENCIONAIS E AUTOLIGADOS

O atrito existente entre bráquetes e os fios ortodônticos é um fator importante a ser considerado quanto à eficiência do tratamento ortodôntico nas mecânicas de deslize. Em função disto, sempre se procurou maneiras de se diminuir os níveis de atrito durante a aplicação deste tipo de mecânica. Com o surgimento dos bráquetes autoligados, observou-se que uma das características principais destes dispositivos seria uma redução dos níveis de atrito entre os bráquetes e fios, e com isso poderia se obter um movimento de deslizamento eficiente com a aplicação de forças menores, quando comparado com o uso de bráquetes que tenham sistemas de amarração convencionais. O propósito deste trabalho foi comparar, por meio de ensaios laboratoriais, os níveis de atrito estático de um bráquete autoligado estético, de um bráquete autoligado metálico e dois tipos de bráquetes convencionais metálicos, com a utilização de fios ortodônticos de diferentes ligas, secção e diâmetros, para determinar quais bráquetes apresentam os menores coeficientes de atrito, em situações sem angulação, em angulações de primeira ordem e angulações de segunda ordem entre os diferentes fios e bráquetes. Os resultados demonstraram que os bráquetes autoligados apresentaram um atrito estático significativamente mais baixo nas situações onde não existiu angulação entre o fio e o bráquete e quando se utilizou fios de calibres menores e com material mais flexível, quando comparados com os bráquetes convencionais. O bráquete autoligado metálico apresentou maior atrito, semelhante aos bráquetes convencionais, com o uso dos fios de maior calibre, nas situações sem angulação. O bráquete autoligado metálico apresentou maior atrito estático que os bráquetes convencionais, nas situações de angulação, com o uso dos fios de maior calibre

Experiências subjetivadoras no limite da pele: Uma análise de práticas discursivas inscritas em tatuagens

This research aims to study the constitution of subjectivities in discursive practices included in imagistic and verbal texts of tattoos. Seeks to grasp the effects of meanings which translate emotions, experiences and disaffection that marked and / or transformed the lives of tattooed subjects. This thesis was anchored in Foucault's theories (1990, 2010, 2012) that address ways of subjectivity from the writing itself, transgression technologies as overshoot, opening new possibilities for discursive subject producing care of itself. Still notions from this analysis of French discourse (AD), as interdiscourse and discursive memory are used. The nature of qualitative research intends to contribute to the understanding of discourse as social practice constitutive of meaning in ways of being of the subject, as well as production of discourses about social norms. The corpus is composed of testimonials and imagistic and verbal texts of five subjects, among the ten respondents who tattooed experiences in the skin. The results show data demonstrating the constitution itself through lived experiences and printed on the skin. The meanings generated in the skin are types of subjectivities that reflect happiness, resilience, protection and immortality. We conclude that our subjects are positioned discursively in order to rebuild their bodies and experiences as necessary and that the images and statements recorded in bodies produce effects felt around the reflection about the ways of life and the existence choices of each one of the tattooed subjects.

Contribuição na caracterização de agregados comercializados no Rio Grande do Norte com ênfase na reação álcali-agregado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

O ciclo indiano de Marguerite Duras à luz da comparação diferencial: a reconfiguração de um personagem

La présente recherche a pour objectif analyser la reconfiguration d'un personnage dans deux romans et dans un texte dramatique de l’écrivaine française Marguerite Duras, qui font partie du Cicle indien. Ils sont : Le Ravissement de Lol V. Stein (1964), Le vice-consul (1965) e India Song (1975). Adoptant la perspective de la Comparaison Différentielle comme approche littéraire, proposée par Ute Heidmann (2008, 2010, 2012), professeur-docteur de l'Université de Lausanne (Suisse), ce travail cherche étudier le personnage Anne-Marie Stretter présent dans ces trois œuvres. On cherche comprendre de quelle manière se produit la réécriture du personnage à partir de trois axes d'analyse : les modalités de l'énonciation, en considérant l'analyse et la comparaison de l'œuvre littéraire comme un événement énonciatif, partant du concept de la scène d'énonciation, proposé par Dominique Maingueneau (2010) ; les modalités d'inscription générique, étroitement liées aux modalités énonciatives, avec un fondement théorique en Todorov (1980) et Heidmann (2012) ; et les modalités de dialogisme intertextuel et interdiscursif, considérant dans la relation dialogique des nouveaux et différentes propositions de sens. Para la compréhension de cela nous partons de Bakhtine (2010), Kristeva (1974), Todorov (1981) et de l'idée de dialogisme et intertextualité, pour arriver à l'idée d'interdiscours proposée par Heidmann (2010, 2012). À partir de cette étude, nous pouvons observer dans l'œuvre d'un même auteur différentes manières de construction d'un personnage, chacun avec ses spécificités et complexités, variant dans le genre et espaces discursifs. L'intérêt de la comparaison différentielle dans cette étude, partant d'un trait commun entre les trois œuvres, est de rendre visible les différences épistémologiques et les nouvelles propositions de sens.

Desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis baseadas em sistemas de informações web existentes

Considerando a era da computação móvel percebe-se que os sistemas de informaçãoestão passando por um processo de metamorfose para possibilitar que seus usuários utilizemnovas formas de acessos às informações a partir de dispositivos móveis. Isso se deveprincipalmente ao aumento da popularidade de dispositivos como smartphones e tablets.Impulsionado por esse novo cenário de computação, que está mudando velhos hábitos ecriando novas maneiras da sociedade acessar informações que até então só eram acessíveisatravés de computadores tradicionais, crescem as demandas por aplicações móveis corporativas.Esse aumento é ocasionado pela necessidade das empresas garantirem aos seusclientes novas formas de interações com seus serviços. Dessa forma, esse trabalho tem oobjetivo de apresentar um estudo referente ao desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis eum processo denominado Metamorphosis, que provê um conjunto de atividades organizadasem três fases: requisitos, projeto e implantação, para auxiliar no desenvolvimentode aplicações móveis corporativas baseadas em sistemas de informações web existentes.

Tratamento de cascalho de perfuração utilizando sistemas microemulsionados

The oil industry is one of the activities that generates more waste to the environment. The drill cuttings is a waste generated in large quantities in the drilling process and that may cause environmental damage such as soil contamination and consequently the contamination of groundwater if disposed of without prior treatment. Arises the need to develop scientific activities and research ways to adapt these wastes the current environmental standards. In the case of solid wastes, the NBR 10004: 2004 of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) classifies them into class I waste (hazardous) and class II (not dangerous), which determines which wastes may or may not be discarded in the environment without causing environmental impact. This study presents a novel alternative for treating drill cuttings, where this waste was classified as class I (Abreu & Souza, 2005), mainly by removing the n-paraffin present in it, since this arises when using drilling fluids base oil. Using microemulsion systems promotes the removal of this contaminant drill cuttings samples from wells located in Alto do Rodrigues - RN. Initially, we determined the concentration of paraffin using infrared method in samples were extracted with ultrasound, we obtained a paraffin concentration in the range from 36.59 to 43.52 g of paraffin per kilogram of cuttings. Used two microemulsion systems containing two nonionic surfactants from different classes, one is an alcohol ethoxylated (UNTL-90) and the other an nonylphenol ethoxylated (RNX 110). The results indicated that the system UNTL-90 surfactant has better efficiency than the system with RNX 110. The study of the influence of contact time at the extraction showed that for times greater than 25 minutes has a tendency to increase the percentage extraction with increasing contact time. It was also observed that the extraction is fast because at 1 minute contact has 22.7% extraction. The reuse of the microemulsion system without removing the paraffin extracted in previous steps, showed reduction of 29.32 in percentage of extraction by comparing the first and third extraction, but by comparing the first and second extractions reduction is 8.5 in percentage extraction, so the systems reuse optimization can be an option for economically viable removing paraffin from cuttings. The extraction with shaking is more effective in the treatment of cuttings, reaching the extraction percentage of 87.04%, that is, obtaining a drill cuttings with 0.551% paraffin. Using the percentage of paraffin employed in non-aqueous drilling fluids and fluid maximum limit on cuttings for disposal established by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States (US EPA), one arrives at the conclusion that the level of paraffin on gravel cannot exceed 3.93%. Conclude that the amount of paraffin in the treated cuttings with the microemulsion system with shaking is below the established by US EPA, showing that the system used was efficient in removing the paraffin from the drill cuttings.

Vestimentas em performance: composições em modos do corpo

This research deals with the possible relationships between the body and the garment in performative scenic states across the contemporary scene, the philosophy of fashion and the philosophical arguments of profanity and dispositive. Some works were observed and cited in this dissertation, for this I conducted structured interviews with eight artists of performance, as a methodological strategy that could bring data about the experiences of this dresses and/or naked bodies on the scene, in addition to literature and revealing the action of clothing on the body as well as its influence on the subjectivities of that whom performes and the public. These relationships can be experienced in the process of creating costumes in contemporary scene naming the possibility of modes of the body, as ways that emerge and constitute as creative, discursive and aesthetic alternatives.

Técnicas estendidas para saxofone em obras compostas por meio de colaboração compositor-intérprete

This dissertation deals with the use of extended techniques for the saxophone in the piece Minus (for solo saxophone in Bb), composed through a composer-performer collaboration between Agamenon de Morais and the saxophonist Kleber Dessoles. The text is organized in the following manner: the first part brings the historical background of the concert music written for the saxophone since the beginning of the 20th-century, exploring the use of extended tehcniques and the main characters and historical facts of this period, with data obtained through a literature review; the second part deals with the issue of the composer-performer collaboration, since cases documented in the 18th and 19th centuries until nowadays, exploring in which different ways collaborations may happen and the motivations behind them; the third and final part is about the specific work, followed by a detailed description of the collaboration between the composer and the interpreter, as well as detailed explanations about the extended techniques present in the work (multiphonics and flatterzunge), through bibliographic and documental research, as well as descriptions of the meetings between composer and interpreter. At the end of the collaborative process, one may say that the final result was created from a sum of the composer's knowledge with the interpreter's, almost as if the composition had double authorship. The document describing this process may help composers and interpreters in composing for the saxophone, as well as guide future collaborative experiences.

Aprendizagem musical na Orquestra Sinfônica da UFRN

Music and music education are present in the daily lives of people in different ways and in multiple contexts. In this study, we highlight the musical training in the orchestral context aiming to understand how learning music happens in the Symphony Orches tra of the Universidade Federal do Ri o Grande do Norte – OSUFRN. To achieve this goal, we identified all the activities, structure and functioning in OSUFRN; we have observed the development of activities of the group by checking the interactions among the participants of the orchestra and the different ways to learn music in that orchestral context. The research is based on discussions about collective musical practice, instrumen tal training in music education, the process of learning and the relationship between young people and music in the context of collective musical practice learning. Qualitative approach and case study were used as methodological procedures. Data collection was established by means of on - site observations, accompanying of the activities, rehearsals and performances of group and semi - structured interviews with the conductor and some participants with more time in the orchestra. We have also used photographs a nd footage that helped us in the procedure collection and construction of data. The analysis and interpretation of these data were enforced by Content Analysis featuring. It reveals the musical learning, through learning instances perceived in rehearsals, concerts, in living with the conductor and between musicians, teachers, employees and guest musicians, individually in travel and exchanges with other orchestral groups. In this way the activities developed by the group enable a comprehensive musical educa tion that guides to acquire autonomy in their learning and preparing them for future careers.

Conhecimentos alternativos e ecologia dos saberes: o difícil diálogo do sistema de saúde oficial

Le present travail a pour objectif, discuter le dialogue entre deux des formes de penser le processos santé-maladie: la médécine traditionnelle et celle scientifique. Et cette dernière représentée par le Système Unique de Santé, particulièrement par une Équipe de Santé de la Famille. Partant du questionnement “quel est le rôle de chaque système de santé dans les problèmes sanitaires ainsi que dans la prévention des maladies?”, il s‟agit de vérifier si l‟ ”Écologie des Savoirs” discutée par Santos (2007) a été appliquée dans les deux manières de penser et pratiquer les politiques de santé; tenant em compte que chacune d‟elles ayant son champ de possibilites et d‟impossibilités agit directement sur le quotidien des aires géographiques concernés par la recherche: le District de São João do Abade dans le Municipe de Curuçá/PA et l‟Équipe de Santé de la Famille Abade localisée dans ce même district. Cette étude fut réalisée à partir d‟instruments de collecte de données comme la recherche de terrain, l‟observation directe et les interviews semi-structurés (HAGUETTE, 1997) e apports théoriques à partir de certains des concepts clés les plus utilisés par les Épistémologies du Sud où nous mettons en relief l' “Écologie des Savoirs” (Santos, 2007); le “travail de Traduction” (SANTOS, 2008); la “Sociologie des Absences et la Sociologie des Émergences” (SANTOS, 2004); le concept de “Santé-Maladie” (MINAYO, 1988); ainsi que les discussions autor des “Savoirs de la Tradition” (ALMEIDA, 2010; RAMALHO et ALMEIDA, 2011). La stratégie “Santé de la Famille fut pensée à travers la vision de Guedelha (2008) et Vilar et al. (2011) où à partir de cette dernière la discussion sur le concept de “Médécine Communautaire” (DONNANGELO e PEREIRA, 1976) comme recours importante dans la recherche de l‟ “Écologie des Savoirs” dans la Stratégie Santé de la Famille a été possible.

Efeito da adição de WC e Co na sinterização e propriedades mecânicas da alumina

Composites based on alumina (Al2O3), tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) exhibit specific properties such as low density, high oxidation resistance, high melting point and high chemical inertia. That composite shows to be a promising material for application in various fields of engineering. In this work, the mechanical properties of the composite (Al2O3 – WC – Co), particularly density and hardness, were evaluated according to the effects of the variables of powder processing parameters, green compact and sintered. Powder composites with the composition of 80 wt% Al2O3, 18 wt% WC and 2 wt% Co were processed by high energy ball milling in a planetary mill for 50 hours as well as mixed by manual mixing in a glass vessel with the same proportion. Samples were collected (2, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 hours) during the milling process. Then, the powders were compacted in a cylindrical die with 5 mm in diameter in a uniaxial press with pressures of 200 and 400 MPa. The sintering was in two stages: first, the solid phase sintering was performed at 1126 and 1300 °C for 1 hour with a heating rate of 10 °C/min in a resistive furnace under argon atmosphere for green samples compacted in 200 and 400 MPa; the second sintering was performed on dilatometer in solid phase at 1300 °C for green sample compacted in 200 MPa, another sintering also was performed on dilatometer, this time in liquid phase at 1550 °C for green samples compacted in 200 and 400 MPa, with the same parameters used in resistive furnace. The raw materials were characterized by X – ray diffraction (XRD), X – ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and laser particlemeter. The sintered samples were subjected to microhardness testing. The results showed that high energy milling achieved to the objectives regarding the particle size and the dispersion of composite phases. However, the hardness did not achieve to significant results, this is an indication that the composite has low fracture toughness.

Efeito da adição de WC e Co na sinterização e propriedades mecânicas da alumina

Composites based on alumina (Al2O3), tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) exhibit specific properties such as low density, high oxidation resistance, high melting point and high chemical inertia. That composite shows to be a promising material for application in various fields of engineering. In this work, the mechanical properties of the composite (Al2O3 – WC – Co), particularly density and hardness, were evaluated according to the effects of the variables of powder processing parameters, green compact and sintered. Powder composites with the composition of 80 wt% Al2O3, 18 wt% WC and 2 wt% Co were processed by high energy ball milling in a planetary mill for 50 hours as well as mixed by manual mixing in a glass vessel with the same proportion. Samples were collected (2, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 hours) during the milling process. Then, the powders were compacted in a cylindrical die with 5 mm in diameter in a uniaxial press with pressures of 200 and 400 MPa. The sintering was in two stages: first, the solid phase sintering was performed at 1126 and 1300 °C for 1 hour with a heating rate of 10 °C/min in a resistive furnace under argon atmosphere for green samples compacted in 200 and 400 MPa; the second sintering was performed on dilatometer in solid phase at 1300 °C for green sample compacted in 200 MPa, another sintering also was performed on dilatometer, this time in liquid phase at 1550 °C for green samples compacted in 200 and 400 MPa, with the same parameters used in resistive furnace. The raw materials were characterized by X – ray diffraction (XRD), X – ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and laser particlemeter. The sintered samples were subjected to microhardness testing. The results showed that high energy milling achieved to the objectives regarding the particle size and the dispersion of composite phases. However, the hardness did not achieve to significant results, this is an indication that the composite has low fracture toughness.

Centelhas de uma cidade turística nos cartões-postais de Jaeci Galvão (1940-1980)

The postcard is a medium that has gained popularity at the time that the picture was linked to its support. It circulated favoring mainly the views of the cities and composed a triad between landscape, photography and tourism. The visuality that loads is among signs of representations, relationships, forms of collective consciousness and ways of seeing the world. In Natal, the photographer Jaeci Emereciano Galvão registered urban and social transformations focusing on interventions that emphasized urban centres as social space and progress and nature as a space for contemplation and enjoyment. They are images with social and cultural issues very clear, since the picture is from a process of creation that is all about choices and decisions about what deserves to be photographed. Therefore, the aim of this research by investigating the role of photographs evidenced in Jaeci’s postcards, with a view to inclusion of tourism in the spaces of Natal and the visuality assumed in the context of their own identity. The theoretical framework that makes up the discussions about the landscape, the city's tourism and photographic representation in postcards emerged from the literature of Schama (1996), Corbin (1989), Cosgrove (1998), Benjamin (1987), Kossoy (2003; 2006; 2009) and Souza Martins (2009), which gave grants to interpret and understand the symbolic construction presented in the postcards. Methodologically the work was done through research in archives, newspapers, postcards of the survey, interviews, iconographic and iconological analyses proposed by Kossoy. At the end, it was concluded the Jaeci Galvão’s postcards established themselves as essential elements for symbolic landscapes of tourism in Natal.