Florescimento e frutificação do maracujazeiro silvestre Passiflora setacea D. C. cultivado em Jaboticabal, SP

Muitas espécies de Passiflora apresentam comportamento florífero diferente durante o ano e, consequentemente, com variações nas produções e períodos de colheitas, como observado para o maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis sims). Estudo com espécies silvestre constitui-se numa importante alternativa para usos de novos genótipos no melhoramento das espécies cultivadas comercialmente, em especial, a Passiflora setacea, devido ao grande potencial de mercado; contudo, essa espécie é pouco estudada, principalmente em relação à propagação, germinação, floração e condições de armazenamento. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o florescimento e a frutificação do maracujazeiro silvestre Passiflora setacea cultivado em Jaboticabal-SP. A floração e a frutificação foram avaliadas pelo percentual de frutificação através da polinização natural e artificial das flores, realizado no período de agosto a outubro. As características físicas dos frutos foram avaliadas através dos seguintes parâmetros: a) massa do fruto (g); b) diâmetro longitudinal do fruto (cm); c) diâmetro transversal do fruto (cm); d) espessura da casca (cm); e) rendimento de polpa (%). A característica química foi determinada por meio do teor de sólidos solúveis (SS). Verificou-se que a Passiflora setacea apresentou precocidade de floração em relação ao maracujazeiro-amarelo, com florescimento durante o ano todo, nas condições de Jaboticabal-SP. Observou-se que essa espécie possui bom nível de tolerância às doenças foliares, resistência à morte precoce e apresenta diferentes níveis de compatibilidade entre as plantas, possibilitando a essas características serem utilizadas em programas de melhoramento genético. Constatou-se ainda que as características físicas encontradas nos frutos atendem às exigências da indústria.

Chá: aspectos relacionados à qualidade e perspectivas

O chá preto é uma das bebidas mais consumidas no mundo. Essa bebida é feita a partir da infusão de folhas processadas de Camellia sinensis, que é cultivada em mais de 30 países, tendo grande importância socioeconômica. Estudos sugerem que o chá tem efeito protetor contra diversos tipos de câncer e doenças cardiovasculares devido à presença de polifenóis denominados catequinas, que são oxidadas enzimaticamente durante o processamento das folhas, gerando uma mistura constituída principalmente de teaflavinas, teasinensinas e tearubiginas. A produção mundial de chá tem aumentado mais do que o consumo, provocando redução do preço que, juntamente com o aumento no custo de produção, implica a necessidade de alta produtividade e qualidade. Apesar disso, ainda não foram estabelecidos critérios precisos e eficientes para predizer a qualidade do chá a partir das folhas, bem como quais práticas agronômicas contribuem para o aumento da qualidade. No Brasil, a cultura do chá se concentra no Vale do Ribeira, em São Paulo (SP), sendo quase toda produção exportada. Apesar de o produto brasileiro não ser de alta qualidade, tem conseguido bons preços no mercado internacional. A produção brasileira, a área de produção e o número de indústrias de chá vêm diminuindo ao longo dos últimos anos, o que demonstra a necessidade de investimentos.

Behaviour of biofuel addition on metallurgical properties of sinter

Blast furnace gas yield is essentially controlled by a gas-solid reaction phenomenon, which strongly influences hot metal manufacturing costs. As a result of rising prices for reducing agents on the international market, Companhia Siderurgica Nacional decided to inject natural gas into its blast furnaces. With more gas inside the furnace, the burden permeability became even more critical. To improve blast furnace gas yield, a new technological approach was adopted; raising the metallic burden reaction surface. To that end, a special sinter was developed with permeability being controlled by adding micropore nucleus forming agents, cellulignin coal, without, however, degrading its mechanical properties. This paper shows the main process parameters and the results from physicochemical characterisation of a sinter with controlled permeability, on a pilot scale, compared to those of conventional sinter. Gas flow laboratory simulations have conclusively corroborated the positive effects of micropore nucleus forming agents on enhancing sinter permeability.

Benzyladenine and Gibberellic acid pulse on postharvest of Calathea louisae cut foliage

Calathea louisae is an herbaceous ornamental plant native of Brazil whose cut foliage has potential to be used as a new product for the local ornamental market, as well as the international market, due to its decorative dark green leaves with greenish white splotches along midrib, and purple undersides. The objective of this study was to evaluate pulse treatments of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid for maintaining quality and extending keepability of foliage. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with three replications (three stems in each vase) and seven treatments: distilled water (control) and pulsing cut petioles in benzyladenine or gibberellic acid for 4 h at 100, 250 and 500 mg L-1. The senescence symptoms were characterized by leaf rolling and a decrease in the angle formed between leaf and petiole as a response to water stress. Gibberellic acid or benzyladenine pulse treatments (250 and 500 mg L-1) significantly extended the longevity of cut foliage compared to the control. Gibberellic acid pulse (250 and 500 mg L-1) maintained leaves' green coloration and brightness for a longer time compared to control and benzyladenine pulse. Pulsing with gibberellic acid or benzyladenine (at all tested concentrations) maintained upright leaves for a longer time, showing a significantly higher angle between leaf and petiole compared to control. Foliage pulsed with gibberellic acid (500 mg L-1) showed a significantly higher leaf relative water content, a significantly smaller loss of accumulated fresh mass percentage compared to control and other gibbberellic acid and benzyladenine treatments.

Methodology for the comparison of military expenditures

Includes bibliography

Las aglomeraciones productivas alrededor de la minería: el caso de la Minera Yanacocha, SA

Incluye Bibliografía

Una estrategia de desarrollo basada en recursos naturales: análisis 'cluster' del complejo de cobre de la Southern Perú

Incluye Bibliografía

Remittances by emigrants: issues and evidence

Includes bibliography

México: impacto de las reformas estructurales en la formación de capital del sector petrolero

Includes bibliography

Análise da produção e comercialização de mel natural no Brasil no período de 1999 a 2010

The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of natural honey production in Brazil, as well as the Brazilian performance in the international markets and their own consumption behavior of natural honey in the domestic market. For this study, we used descriptive analysis of time series information, data production and export of natural honey understood, respectively, for the periods 1999 to 2010. To analyze the correlation between the series of apparent consumption per capita (variable X) and the international price data (variable Y), we used the statistical analysis of the correlation coefficient of Pearson (CP). Main results revealed that the Brazilian production of natural honey has more than doubled in the last decade, while the Northeast region was the largest contributor to this performance. This increase in the production was mainly directed towards supplying the international market, which currently consumes more than half of Brazilian production. It is true that the change in the international market price has a direct effect on domestic supply, but the Brazilian domestic market has potential for increasing effective consumer who deserves to be better exploited; it implies to pay attention to the supply of quality natural honey, quantity and regularity.

The design of the Latin American Documentation System (DOCPAL); a report on the first four months

Includes bibliography

Geoelectrical prospection of disseminated sulfide mineral occurrences in Camaquã Sedimentary Basin, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

The mineral exploration is a complex activity that should involve a combination of direct and indirect techniques of geological investigation. The growing demand for base metals in the national and international market provides the revaluation of mineral occurrences that can become deposits and mines. This paper presents the results of the electrical resistivity and induced polarization geophysical methods in azimuthal arrangement, applied in a mineral occurrence of disseminated copper sulfides, previously studied through trenches and core drilling, located in the Camaquã Sedimentary Basin, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The inversion models indicate the coincidence of high chargeability and low resistivity values. The integration of geophysical data permitted the elaboration of 3D attributes visualization models for the mineralization enclosed in volcanic tuffs. The integrated geophysical and geological analysis indicates the potential of a new mineralized area. © 2012 Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica.

Liberalization or financial development?

Includes bibliography

Effect of temperature on the lipolytic and proteolytic activity of Bacillus cereus isolated from dairy products

Bacillus cereus is a bacterium with deteriorating potential for dairy products, by being a psychrotrophic organism producer of lipases and proteases. This study evaluated the psychrotrophic behavior, lipolytic and proteolytic activity at 30°C, 10°C and 7°C of 86 strains of B. cereus lato sensu isolated from dairy products, marketed in Southern Brazil. It was also evaluated the optimal temperature for protease production. No strain grew at 7°C; but at 10°C, 84.9% of strains have grown. Only one strain had lipolytic activity at 30°C, and none at 7°C. At 10°C, 16.3% of strains produced lipases. All the strains presented proteolytic activity at 30°C; and at 10°C, 72.1% had this activity, and at 7°C, only 4.6%, an amount significantly lower (p < 0.05). The temperature of 20°C promoted the highest proteolytic activity, and at 10°C, the lowest activity. B. cereus can produce lipases and proteases at room and marginal chilling temperatures, causing technological defects in dairy products stored under these conditions. © 2008 IFRJ.

Uma abordagem probabilística do número de reprodução básica em modelos epidemiológicos com aplicação na ferrugem do eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)