619 resultados para First Zagreb Co-index


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El presente artículo es una reseña explicativa de la creatividad del juez para combinar elementos de los procesos constitucionales con el fin de fortalecer los derechos fundamentales. Se presentará a continuación un análisis de las fuentes de derecho y su valor equivalente en los razonamientos constitucionales. Subrayando la equidad en la importancia de las fuentes, el presente artículo busca incentivar la labor conciliadora de los jueces y los procesos de creación del derecho bajo los límites de la coherencia jurídica. Se explicarán a continuación los eventos en los cuáles puede cambiarse la jurisprudencia y sus ventajas para garantizar la evolución del derecho constitucional. Uno de los cambios más importantes de la jurisprudencia, es la tendencia que muestra la articulación de los procedimientos constitucionales.

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Law is often the source of social discriminations, but, at the same time, it can be thekey to delete these social discriminations. The authors try to give an example of thisphenomenon, by analyzing the impact of the Italian citizenship’s rules over the descendantsof the Italian citizens emigrated abroad and, especially, in South America.Indeed, according to the former Italian law, only fathers could transmit iure sanguinisthe citizenship to their children: moreover, women automatically lost theItalian citizenship if they get a foreign citizenship by concluding a marriage witha foreign husband.These rules hardly discriminate the Italian women emigrated abroad and, especially,their descendants who were prevented to get the Italian’s citizenship.These discriminatory rules were finally deleted by the Italian Constitutional Courtin the Seventies and in the Eighties: however, the effects of those rules still persisted,since the decision of the Constitutional Court could not overcome the temporal limit of the entry into force of the Constitution (01.01.1948) and, therefore, could not“cover” the discriminatory facts occurred before that date.Finally in 2009, the Italian Supreme Court, by extending the effects ratione temporisof the decisions of the Constitutional Court, “reopened the doors” of the Italiancitizenship to a huge number of Italian citizenship born from Italian women beforethe 01.01.1948.Therefore, the authors focus on the social impact of this decision for all the potentialItalian citizens living in South America and try to assess its juridical effects overthe Italian law.

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This article seeks to demystify the foundations of rights. It looks at the search for some systemic differentiation. It emphasizes effectiveness, legitimacy, the importance of convention and of political participation as common elements of the different theoretical approaches to human rights. By analysing these elements it is possible to build the term “human rights” as a concept capable of being measured accurately by studying the effectiveness of legal rules as applied to human rights in specific contexts.

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El principio de unidad de materia legislativa es uno de los ejes fundamentales del proceso de formación de la ley, y su observancia constituye un parámetro para la determinación jurisdiccional de la validez jurídica, en la medida en que, de una parte, se verifique la existencia de coherencia y armonía en el producto normativo por la conexidad entre sus partes, y de otra parte, a partir del cumplimiento de ese mínimo, se respete la libertad de configuración del Congreso en razón de la legitimidad democrática de la cual está investido para ejercer su función legislativa.

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Este artículo describe las transformaciones en la tenencia y uso de la tierra en Tibú (Norte deSantander) entre 2000 y 2010. Muestra que ellas fueron altamente concentradoras, masivas y generadas sucesivamente por dos vías: una coercitiva, operada por el paramilitarismo y otra, operada por empresarios y comisionistas de la tierra a través de un mercado anómalo y desregulado. Planteo que ambas vías son explicativas del land grab, conducen a fenómenosde acumulación por desposesión y que ninguna de las dos se puede entender sin dar cuenta de un conjunto de diseños institucionales y políticas públicas promovidas desde el Estado.

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This article offers a theoretical interpretation of the dispositions on land restitution contained in the famous “Victims’ Bill”, which was debated in the Colombian Congress during the year 2008. The bill included specific mechanisms aimed at guaranteeing the restitution of land to victims of the Colombian armed conflict. At the time, the bill was endorsed by all the main political actors in the country –notably the government and the elites that support it, on the one hand, and victims’ and human rights organizations and other opposition groups, on the other–. The fact that the restitution of land to victims of the Colombian armed conflict was being considered as a serious possibility by all political actors in the country seemed to indicate the existence of a consensus among actors whose positions are ordinarily opposed, on an issue that has traditionally led to high levels of polarization. This consensus is quite puzzling, because it seems to be at odds with the interests and/or the conceptions of justice advocated by these political actors, and because the restitution of land faces enormous difficulties both from a factual and a normative point of view, which indicates that it may not necessarily be the best alternative for dealing with the issue of land distribution in Colombia. This article offers an interpretation of said consensus, arguing that it is only an apparent consensus in which the actors are actually misrepresenting their interests and conceptions of justice, while at the same time adopting divergent strategies of implementation aimed at fulfilling their true interests. Nevertheless, the article concludes that the common adherence by all actors to the principle of restorative justice might bring about its actual realization, and thus produce an outcome that, in spite (and perhaps even because) of being unintended, might substantively contribute to solving the problem of unequal land distribution in Colombia. Even though the article focuses in some detail on the specificities of the 2008 Bill, it attempts to make a general argument about the state of the discussion on how to deal with the issue of land distribution in the country. Consequently, it may still be relevant today, especially considering that a new Bill on land restitution is currently being discussed in Congress, which includes the same restitution goals as the Victims’ Bill and many of its procedural and substantive details, and which therefore seems to reflect a similar consensus to the one analyzed in the article.

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El régimen de responsabilidad patrimonial de los administradores en el ordenamiento jurídicocolombiano se caracterizó, antes de la irrupción de la sas, por un carácter marcadamenteformalista. No obstante, la Ley 1258 de 2008 amplió el ámbito subjetivo de aplicación delaludido régimen, al incorporar la figura del administrador societario de hecho. En este sentido,el estudio de la responsabilidad de los administradores recibe con la Ley SAS un nuevoimpulso, con el fin de que juegue un papel aún más representativo en Colombia. Así las cosas,en el presente artículo, se estudian los diferentes supuestos o circunstancias para la aplicaciónde la figura del administrador de hecho en el caso español, con miras a su aplicación en elentorno societario colombiano.