Microhabitat and plant structure of Batrachospermum (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) populations in four streams of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil

Microhabitat and plant structure of seven Batrachospermum populations (four of Batrachospermum delicatulum (= Sirodotia delicatula), one of Batrachospermum macrosporum and two of the 'Chantransia' stage), including the influence of physical variables (current velocity, depth, irradiance and substratum), were investigated in four streams of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. The populations of B. delicatulum and the 'Chantransia' stage occurred under very diverse microhabitat conditions, which probably contributes to their wide spatial and seasonal distribution in Brazilian streams. Results suggest branch reconfiguration as a probable mechanism of adaptation to current velocity based on the occurrence of: (i) B. macrosporum (a large mucilaginous form with presumably little ability for branch reconfiguration) under lower current velocity than B. delicatulum; (ii) only dense plants in populations with high current velocities (> 60 cm s-1), whereas 53-77% of dense plants were seen in populations exposed to lower currents (< 40 cm s-1); (iii) positive correlations of plant length with internode length in populations under low current velocities and negative correlation in a population with high velocity (132 cm s-1); and (iv) negative correlations of current velocity with plant diameter and internode length in a population under high flow. This study, involving mainly dioecious populations, revealed that B. delicatulum displayed higher fertilization rates than B. macrosporum. A complementary explanation for a dioecious species to increase fertilization success was proposed consisting of outcrossing among intermingled male and female adjacent plants within an algal spot.

Quantification of functional abilities in Rett syndrome: a comparison between stages III and IV

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.

We have demonstrated that, in Escherichia coli, quinolone antimicrobial agents target topoisomerase IV (topo IV). The inhibition of topo IV becomes apparent only when gyrase is mutated to quinolone resistance. In such mutants, these antibiotics caused accumulation of replication catenanes, which is diagnostic of a loss of topo IV activity. Mutant forms of topo IV provided an additional 10-fold resistance to quinolones and prevented drug-induced catenane accumulation. Drug inhibition of topo IV differs from that of gyrase. (i) Wild-type topo IV is not dominant over the resistant allele. (ii) Inhibition of topo IV leads to only a slow stop in replication. (iii) Inhibition of topo IV is primarily bacteriostatic. These differences may result from topo IV acting behind the replication fork, allowing for repair of drug-induced lesions. We suggest that this and a slightly higher intrinsic resistance of topo IV make it secondary to gyrase as a quinolone target. Our results imply that the quinolone binding pockets of gyrase and topo IV are similar and that substantial levels of drug resistance require mutations in both enzymes.

The future imagined: Exploring fiction as a means of reflecting on today’s Grand Societal Challenges and tomorrow’s options

European science policy (so-called Horizon 2020) is guided by Grand Societal Challenges (GSCs) with the explicit aim of shaping the future. In this paper we propose an innovative approach to the analysis and critique of Europe’s GSCs. The aim is to explore how speculative and creative fiction offer ways of embodying, telling, imagining, and symbolising ‘futures’, that can provide alternative frames and understandings to enrich the grand challenges of the 21st century, and the related rationale and agendas for ERA and H2020. We identify six ways in which filmic and literary representations can be considered creative foresight methods (i.e. through: creative input, detail, warning, reflection, critique, involvement) and can provide alternative perspectives on these central challenges, and warning signals for the science policy they inform. The inquiry involved the selection of 64 novels and movies engaging with notions of the future, produced over the last 150 years. Content analysis based on a standardised matrix of major themes and sub-domains, allows to build a hierarchy of themes and to identify major patterns of long-lasting concerns about humanity’s future. The study highlights how fiction sees oppression, inequality and a range of ethical issues linked to human and nature’s dignity as central to, and inseparable from innovation, technology and science. It concludes identifying warning signals in four major domains, arguing that these signals are compelling, and ought to be heard, not least because elements of such future have already escaped the imaginary world to make part of today’s experience. It identifies areas poorly defined or absent from Europe's science agenda, and argues for the need to increase research into human, social, political and cultural processes involved in techno-science endeavours.

A list of the books forming the gift of Louise Chandler Moulton to the Public library of the city of Boston.

Consists of 900 volumes, used "to strengthen the Artz collection, devoted to the acquisition of rare or early editions of American and English authors, and the Galatea collection, comprising works relating in any way to the history and progress of women. Some volumes ... have been placed in the general collection of the library."

A mission record of the California Indians,

Mode of access: Internet.

Imperial gazetteer of India .

Editor for India, 1902-04, William Stevenson Meyer; 1905-09, Richard Burn; editor in England, James Sutherland Cotton.

What the Grand Rapids Public Library can do for you ...

Cop. 2 issued in connection with the library's exhibit at the first Michigan land and apple show, Nov. 7-11, 1911.

Romantic biography of the age of Elizabeth; or, Sketches of life from the bye-ways of history.

v. 1. Introduction. Margaret of Valois, Queen of Henry IV. Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Castelnau, Ambassador from France. La Mothe Fenelon. La Mothe Fenelon and Castelnau. Thomas Howard, fourth duke of Norfolk. Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, and notices of Walter, 1st Earl of Essex. Dr. Dee.--v. 2. Calvin and the church of Geneva. William Whittingham and the Puritans. Archbishop Whitgift and Dr. Cartwright. John Darrel, the exorcist. Loyola and the order of the Jesuits. Robert Parsons, Edmund Campian, and the Jesuits in England. Pope Sixtus V. Charles de Valois, Duc d'Angoulême. Henry de la Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount Turenne and Duke de Bouillon.

Collections towards the history and antiquities of the county of Hereford /

Vols. 3-4 have imprint: London : J. Murray; v. 5-7 have imprint: Hereford : Jakeman & Carver.

The works of Sir William Temple, bart. : to which is prefixed, the life and character of the author, considerably enlarged.

--I. Life of the author. An essay on the original and nature of government. Observations upon the united provinces of the Netherlands. Letters containing an account of the most important transactions that passed in Christendom from 1665 to 1672.-II. Sequel of the author's letters, serving to supply the loss of the first part of his memoirs. A survey of the constitutions and interests of the empire, Sweden, Denmark, Spain, Holland, France, and Flanders in 1671. A letter to the Duke of Ormond, written in October 1673. Memoirs, pt. II--III.--III. [Essays] Poetry.--IV. Letters to the king, the Prince of Orange, &c. Index.

The Elector's guide. Addressed to the freeholders of the county of York.

No. I. The "Catholic question".--No. II. The general state of the country banks and paper money; Death of Alexander, emperor of Russia; State of parties in the kingdom; A letter to Fountayne Wilson, esq.; Duncombe and the treadmill; Poetry and miscellanies.--No. III. A letter to the Duke of York; Auri sacra fames; or, Sturdy beggars: a county job; Church Methodism; A Protestant confessor; His Majesty's speech to Parliament; Miscellanies, and poetry.--No. IV. A letter to Daniel Sykes, esq. on West Indian slavery; Catholic and Protestant; The last man; Confidence in banks; Hints to electors; The proceedings in Parliament, &c., &c., &c.--No. V. An address to the suffering people of England; Slavery; A letter to Sir John Bayley, knt,; Banks; The Protestant champion; Poetry, &c., &c.--No. VI. A charge of His Grace the Archbishop of York to the clergy of the diocese; A secret; A good action.--No. VII. Observations upon county representation; A full account of the county meeting, &c., &c.

Oesterreich unter Herzog Albrecht IV, nebst einer Uebersicht des Zustandes Oesterreichs während des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts.

Mode of access: Internet.

La duchesse de Bourgogne et l'alliance savoyarde sous Louis XIV,

I. La réconciliation avec la Savoie et le mariage de la duchesse de Bourgogne. 2. éd.--II. Les années heureuses et la rupture de l'alliance.--III. Le duc de Bourgogne à l'armée; les années d'épreuves.--IV. L'avant-règne et la mort. Épilogue de l'alliance savoyarde. Table analytique.