Propostas e currículos estaduais de educação física, avanços e limites no trato de futebol

Football is a sporting phenomenon that unites the collective to individual, because besides the needs of teamwork, it requires several physical individual abilities. The unpredictability of each match turns it into a fascinating and unique sport. Indeed, this is the most popular and admired sport in all over the world, covering a huge amount of fans and practitioners. Curriculum documents are a new and unprecedented fact in history of Physical Education, so it sought as study object investigate and analyze is being treated in many curriculums proposes of seven Brazilian States (Goiás, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Sergipe e São Paulo) and the Distrito Federal. This study has a qualitative character, using documentary research, because it consists by analyze of curriculum documents. As results, stands out the difference between guiding principles in curriculums. However, all of them are based in a new perspective of Physical Education. With regard to the objectives, was evidenced a consensus among the documents examined, which target as Physical Education objective the formation of critical and autonomous individual, besides your insertion in body culture movements, body culture or movement culture. The results showed that all documents, except of Distrito Federal, mention football as content, only Pernambuco, Sergipe and São Paulo showed a further deepening in the theme. Thus, it is believed that it is essential for a better unfolding of football in Physical Education classes a understanding by the students about this sport, not just as a mere act of running after a ball, but as a social phenomenon broad and contextualized

A relação do beisebol e as drogas para aumento de desempenho esportivo

O beisebol que possui origens incertas apresenta um grande número de fãs espalhados pelo mundo todo, especialmente em países como Japão e os Estados Unidos, na América do Sul, há a Venezuela e a Colômbia que se destacam no cenário internacional pelo número de atletas em ligas espalhadas pelo mundo. O Brasil apresenta três jogadores atuando na liga americana de beisebol (MLB) atualmente, e no país ainda falta a criação de uma liga forte para o desenvolvimento do esporte. As drogas para aumento de desempenho esportivo presente quase que maciçamente no beisebol, durante a era dos esteróides, período do final dos anos 80 até o começo dos anos 2000, levou a mudanças em sua política antidrogas, principalmente na liga americana de beisebol, em uma busca para tornar o esporte limpo. O hormônio do crescimento e os esteróides anabólicos androgênicos foram as drogas mais consumidas pelos atletas durante a era dos esteróides, no qual não havia testes antidoping, e foi justamente nesse período que houve os maiores avanços nos números ofensivos do esporte, levantando suspeitas sobre as conquistas dos jogadores. Os efeitos adversos e os objetivos dos jogadores de beisebol no uso das drogas para aumento de desempenho esportivo serão abordados, assim como as reações dos fãs ao doping no esporte. A metodologia foi feita através da revisão bibliográfica, no qual busquei na literatura existente, e também em websites, livros, revistas e documentários esportivos, dados que fornecem informações sobre as drogas para aumento esportivo relacionadas ao beisebol, no período de setembro de 2014 a setembro de 2015

Propriedades mecânicas, físico-químicas e biológica de adesivo experimental com incorporação de epigalocatequina-3-galato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação econômica da substituição do farelo de soja por farelo de algodão em dietas práticas para tilápias do Nilo cultivadas em tanques-rede

Based on fish production performance, this study assessed the feasibility of replacing SBM with CSM in practical diets for cage-raised Nile tilapia during the finishing phase. To accomplish this research, four isoproteic (32% CP) and isoenergetic (2500 Kcal/kg of DE) diets were formulated. Control diet (T1) contained 30 % of SBM and 0% of CSM. The other three diets contained: 20% of SBM and 10% of CSM (T2), 10% of SBM and 20% of CSM (T3) and 0% of SBM and 30% of CSM (T4). Lysine and Methionine deficiency was compensated for with synthetic amino acid (L-lysine and DL- methionine) supplementation. Experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and four repetitions. Data were analyzed with SAS PROC GLM through co-variance analysis, adding initial mean weight as a co-variable, followed by Dunnett test. The system used to calculate the profit part was Partial Budget Analysis in Aquaculture, proposed by Shang (1990). Profit was significantly different at T3 when compared to T1 (control). It was concluded that the addition of 20% of CSM to finishing diets can improve cage-raised Nile tilapia profitability.

Avaliação dos comportamentos de pastejo e suas relações com caracteres individuais dos bovinos de corte

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos para características reprodutivas e de temperamento em bovinos da raça Nelore

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência do comprimento do pino de fibra de vidro na resistência à fratura de raízes fragilizadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Carbon content in Amazonian Oxisols after forest conversion to pasture

O solo desempenha importante papel no ciclo do C, porém a substituição da floresta tropical por áreas cultivadas altera a dinâmica e o estoque desse elemento. Em uma frente pioneira de colonização no município de Itupiranga (PA), na Amazônia Oriental, foi desenvolvido este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar as consequências da substituição de floresta nativa por pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha no conteúdo de C de um Latossolo Amarelo distrófico. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em área de floresta nativa (FN), floresta secundária de 8–10 anos (FS), pastagens de 1–2 anos (P1-2), de 5–7 anos (P5–7) e de 10–12 anos (P10–12), nas camadas de 0–2, 2–5 e 5–10 cm, para avaliar os teores e o estoque de C e realizar um fracionamento granulométrico da matéria orgânica. Após o desmatamento, a densidade do solo aumentou até a profundidade de 5 cm, sendo esse aumento maior nas pastagens mais antigas. As maiores mudanças no conteúdo de C ocorreram na camada superior do solo, havendo aumento nesse conteúdo com o tempo de implantação das pastagens. Nas camadas de 2–5 e 5–10 cm, o conteúdo de C se mostrou estável entre os tipos de cobertura vegetal avaliados. As maiores concentrações de C foram encontradas na fração silte, mas os maiores conteúdos de C ocorreram na fração argila, independentemente do tipo de cobertura vegetal. Um aumento da quantidade de C associado à fração areia, na forma de resíduos orgânicos pouco decompostos, foi observado nas pastagens, confirmando a maior sensibilidade dessa fração às mudanças de uso do solo.

Recombinant Factors for Hemostasis

Trauma deaths are a result of hemorrhage in 37% of civilians and 47% military personnel and are the primary cause of death for individuals under 44 years of age. Current techniques used to treat hemorrhage are inadequate for severe bleeding. Preliminary research indicates that fibrin sealants (FS) alone or in combination with a dressing may be more effective; however, it has not been economically feasible for widespread use because of prohibitive costs related to procuring the proteins. To meet future demands for hemostatic therapies, FS will likely include recombinant human fibrinogen (rFI) and recombinant human Factor XIII (rFXIII). The underlying hypothesis of the research presented in this dissertation is that a liquid fibrin sealant (LFS) composed of recombinant FI, FXIII and FIIa in optimized proportions can assist hemostasis in the presence and absence of a bioresorbable bandage while using considerably fewer biologics than commercial products currently available. This dissertation characterized rFI produced in the milk of transgenic cows, plasma-derived thrombin (pdFIIa) activated by sodium citrate and rFXIIIa expressed in genetically engineered Pichia pastoris with respect to their capacity to serve as components in a LFS. The ratios of these factors were optimized to yield a LFS with a rapid clot formation rate and high viscoelastic strength. This optimized LFS was preliminarily tested ex vivo and in vivo. The clotting kinetics and viscoelastic strength of our optimized LFS was equivalent to those of a commercially available LFS; however, it uses approximately 75% less fibrinogen and thrombin. Our optimal LFS successfully achieved hemostasis in a significant number of the wounds that included extensive tissue and vascular damage. LFS applied without the assistance of a dressing was able to stop bleeding of oozing wounds or those with small vessels; however, a scaffold was needed when wounds contained large vasculature.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos para características reprodutivas e de temperamento em bovinos da raça Nelore

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência do comprimento do pino de fibra de vidro na resistência à fratura de raízes fragilizadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Profile of Trypanosoma cruzi Reactivity in a Population at High Risk for Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem)

Fogo Selvagem (FS) is an autoimmune bullous disease with pathogenic IgG autoantibodies recognizing desmoglein 1 (Dsg1), a desmosomal glycoprotein. In certain settlements of Brazil, a high prevalence of FS (3%) is reported, suggesting environmental factors as triggers of the autoimmune response. Healthy individuals from endemic areas recognize nonpathogenic epitopes of Dsg1, and exposure to hematophagous insects is a risk factor for FS. Fogo selvagem and Chagas disease share some geographic sites, and anti-Dsg1 has been detected in Chagas patients. Indeterminate Chagas disease was identified in a Brazilian Amerindian population of high risk for FS. In counterpart, none of the FS patients living in the same geographic region showed reactivity against Trypanosoma cruzi. The profile of anti-Dsg1 antibodies showed positive results in 15 of 40 FS sera and in 33 of 150 sera from healthy individuals from endemic FS sites, and no cross-reactivity between Chagas disease and FS was observed.

High prevalence of orofacial complaints in patients with fibromyalgia: a case-control study

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the orofacial complaints and characteristics of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) compared with controls. Study Design. We evaluated 25 patients diagnosed with FS compared with 25 gender-and age-matched controls by using a detailed clinical protocol for orofacial pain diagnosis and dental examination. Results. FS patients had a higher frequency of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), masticatory complaints, pain with mandibular movements, and pain upon palpation of the head and neck area. There were no significant differences related to the dental exam. Conclusions. Orofacial complaints including TMD may be present either as symptoms of FS or as a comorbidity associated with this condition. A comprehensive evaluation of patients with FS is necessary to identify the need for specific treatments for orofacial complaints. Future studies, especially those with longitudinal design, should clarify whether a cause-effect relationship exists between orofacial complaints and fibromyalgia. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;114:e29-e34)

Femtosecond laser induced synthesis of Au nanoparticles mediated by chitosan

This paper reports the synthesis of Au nanoparticles by 30-fs pulses irradiation of a sample containing HAuCl4 and chitosan, a biopolymer used as reducing agent and stabilizer. We observed that it is a multi-photon induced process, with a threshold irradiance of 3.8 x 10(11) W/cm(2) at 790 nm. By transmission electron microscopy we observed nanoparticles from 8 to 50 nm with distinct shapes. Infrared spectroscopy indicated that the reduction of gold and consequent production of nanoparticles is related to the fs-pulse induced oxidation of hydroxyl to carbonyl groups in chitosan. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America

Stress amplifies lung tissue mechanics, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by chronic inflammation

Background: Mechanisms linking behavioral stress and inflammation are poorly understood, mainly in distal lung tissue. Objective: We have investigated whether the forced swim stress (FS) could modulate lung tissue mechanics, iNOS, cytokines, oxidative stress activation, eosinophilic recruitment, and remodeling in guinea pigs (GP) with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Methods: The GP were exposed to ovalbumin or saline aerosols (2x/wk/4wks, OVA, and SAL). Twenty-four hours after the 4th inhalation, the GP were submitted to the FS protocol (5x/wk/2wks, SAL-S, and OVA-S). Seventy-two hours after the 7th inhalation, lung strips were cut and tissue resistance (Rt) and elastance (Et) were obtained (at baseline and after OVA and Ach challenge). Strips were submitted to histopathological evaluation. Results: The adrenals' weight, the serum cortisol, and the catecholamines were measured. There was an increase in IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-gamma, iNOS, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and in %Rt and %Et after Ach challenge in the SAL-S group compared to the SAL one. The OVA-S group has had an increase in %Rt and %Et after the OVA challenge, in %Et after the Ach and in IL-4, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and actin compared to the OVA. Adrenal weight and cortisol serum were increased in stressed animals compared to nonstressed ones, and the catecholamines were unaltered. Conclusion & clinical relevance: Repeated stress has increased distal lung constriction, which was associated with an increase of actin, IL-4, and 8-iso-PGF2 alpha levels. Stress has also induced an activation of iNOS, cytokines, and oxidative stress pathways.