Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em neonatos prematuros e de termo

FUNDAMENTO: Várias publicações têm demonstrado a importância do sistema nervoso autônomo por meio dos componentes simpático e parassimpático na gerência da interação entre as diferentes partes do organismo humano. Esses estudos aplicaram técnicas lineares e não lineares (Teoria do Caos) de avaliação em diferentes situações, doenças e faixas etárias, tendo como ferramenta a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC). OBJETIVO: Aplicar os conhecimentos das dinâmicas linear e não linear na avaliação de neonatos prematuros (NPT), analisando sua VFC e comparando com neonatos de termo (NT) saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e oito neonatos prematuros com diferentes idades gestacionais tiveram seus batimentos cardíacos captados com auxílio do equipamento Polar Advanced S810i e sua VFC obtida pelo registro dos intervalos RR. A VFC foi analisada nos domínios do tempo (SDNN, RMSSD, SD1/SD2), da frequência (VLF, LF, HF e a relação LF/HF) e do caos (TAU e sua normalização [TAU(n)], Expoente de Lyapunov e Entropia). Os NPT foram comparados com um grupo de 78 NT saudáveis e sem intercorrências perinatais com auxílio do teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Detectou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para todas as variáveis estudadas, tanto no domínio do tempo como nos da frequência e do caos. CONCLUSÃO: Neonatos prematuros exibem comportamento menos complexo da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca que neonatos de termo, fato comprovado nos domínios do tempo, da frequência e do caos. O estudo da variabilidade cardíaca nesse grupo pode ser considerado uma ferramenta a mais na avaliação da maturação autonômica e, consequentemente, da progressão para eutrofia.

Curva de sobrevivência e estimativa de entropia em Lucilia cuprina (Diptera, Calliphoridae)

Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830) is a cosmopolite blowfly species of medical and veterinary importance because it produces myiasis, mainly in ovine. In order to evaluate the demographic characteristics of this species, survivorship curves for 327 adult males and 323 adult females, from generation F1 maintained under experimental conditions, were obtained. Entropy was utilized as the estimator of the survival pattern to quantify the mortality distribution of individuals as a function of age. The entropy values 0.216 (males) and 0.303 (females) were obtained. These results denote that, considering the survivorship interval until the death of the last individual for each sex, the males present a tendency of mortality in more advanced age intervals, in comparison with the females.

The orthogonal subcategory problem in homotopy theory

It is known that, in a locally presentable category, localization exists with respect to every set of morphisms, while the statement that localization with respect to every (possibly proper) class of morphisms exists in locally presentable categories is equivalent to a large-cardinal axiom from set theory. One proves similarly, on one hand, that homotopy localization exists with respect to sets of maps in every cofibrantly generated, left proper, simplicial model category M whose underlying category is locally presentable. On the other hand, as we show in this article, the existence of localization with respect to possibly proper classes of maps in a model category M satisfying the above assumptions is implied by a large-cardinal axiom called Vopënka's principle, although we do not know if the reverse implication holds. We also show that, under the same assumptions on M, every endofunctor of M that is idempotent up to homotopy is equivalent to localization with respect to some class S of maps, and if Vopënka's principle holds then S can be chosen to be a set. There are examples showing that the latter need not be true if M is not cofibrantly generated. The above assumptions on M are satisfied by simplicial sets and symmetric spectra over simplicial sets, among many other model categories.

The unbounded dead-end depth propertie is not a group invariant

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Some remarks on the class of continuous (Semi-) strictcly quasiconvex functions

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Mixed Hodge structures and vector bundles on the projective Plane I

We describe an equivalence of categories between the category of mixed Hodge structures and a category of vector bundles on the toric complex projective plane which verify some semistability condition. We then apply this correspondence to define an invariant which generalises the notion of R-split mixed Hodge structure and compute extensions in the category of mixed Hodge structures in terms of extensions of the corresponding vector bundles. We also give a relative version of this correspondence and apply it to define stratifications of the bases of the variations of mixed Hodge structure.

Polynomial-time complexity for instances of the endomorphism problem in free groups

We say the endomorphism problem is solvable for an element W in a free group F if it can be decided effectively whether, given U in F, there is an endomorphism Φ of F sending W to U. This work analyzes an approach due to C. Edmunds and improved by C. Sims. Here we prove that the approach provides an efficient algorithm for solving the endomorphism problem when W is a two- generator word. We show that when W is a two-generator word this algorithm solves the problem in time polynomial in the length of U. This result gives a polynomial-time algorithm for solving, in free groups, two-variable equations in which all the variables occur on one side of the equality and all the constants on the other side.

On an upper bound for the arithmetic self-intersection number of the dualizing sheaf on arithmetic surfaces

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Distortion of surface groups in Cat (0) free-by-cyclic groups

Given a non-positively curved 2-complex with a circle-valued Morse function satisfying some extra combinatorial conditions, we describe how to locally isometrically embed this in a larger non- positively curved 2-complex with free-by-cyclic fundamental group. This embedding procedure is used to produce examples of CAT(0) free-by-cyclic groups that contain closed hyperbolic surface subgroups with polynomial distortion of arbitrary degree. We also produce examples of CAT(0) hyperbolic free-by-cyclic groups that contain closed hyperbolic surface subgroups that are exponentially distorted.

Embedding theorems of function classes, IV

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