Laboratório didático: perspectivas experimentais do ensino de física no nível médio

Here we present an exploratory study on the use of laboratory teaching in four schools of Basic Education in Rio Claro, SP, three of them high school and one of the second cycle of basic education, developed in the years 2011 and 2012, under activities of the course Prática de Ensino e Estágio Supervisionado, the Degree in Physics - UNESP, Rio Claro campus and work with Pibid (Projeto Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência) in agreement UNESP CAPES Notice 2009. Initially, we diagnose the situation and identify the laboratories using them for Teaching Physics, from direct observation and contact with teachers. Based on the experimental realization of educational activities in such schools, we discuss different teaching strategies, and using experiments built with inexpensive materials (Ferreira and Ramos, 2008). We analyzed the role of the teaching laboratory in the development of skills and abilities of students, related to the teaching and learning of Physics, as well as aspects concerning the use of instructional laboratories

Uma proposta de oficina de coloração de mapas e grafos para o ensino fundamental e médio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Indisciplina no contexto escolar: um estudo das significações abstraídas por estudantes brasileiros do ensino fundamental e médio

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A experiência em ginástica no ensino fundamental e médio nas escolas estaduais da cidade de Rio Claro

Content belonging to the movement's body culture and inserted in Official Documents such as National Curriculum Parameters and Curriculum of the state of Sao Paulo, Gymnastics, was object of this Course Conclusion Paper. After the reality of more then 20 years of researches pointing to a distancing of Gymnastics content in School Physical Education, this study aims to understand and analyze the experience with Gymnastics contents during the middle and High School in Physical Education classes, having as perspective the view of students in the third year of high school from state schools in the city of Rio Claro-SP. Participated in this study 97 students from eleven state schools in the city. It was presented the previous experiences with gymnastics contens developed in Physical Education classes, as well as the materials, the most developed content and the pleasure aroused by these classes

Uma análise das manifestações docentes sobre o uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação nas escolas públicas de nível médio da cidade de Taquaritinga-SP

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

O ensino de geografia e a educação ambiental: um estudo de caso com resíduos sólidos urbanos em Bauru (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

O ensino de geografia e a educação ambiental: um estudo de caso com resíduos sólidos urbanos em Bauru (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

A educação para a cidadania fiscal : ações do Programa Nacional de Educação Fiscal - PNEF no ensino fundamental e médio

Objetiva identificar os fatores que dificultam o avanço das propostas de educação para a cidadania fiscal apresentadas pelo Programa Nacional de Educação Fiscal(PNEF) para o ensino fundamental e médio e as possíveis razões que explicam esses dificultadores.

Uma proposta para o ensino de eletrodinâmica no nível médio

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma proposta para o ensino de Eletrodinâmica, aplicada, durante o segundo trimestre do ano 2004, a duas turmas, com trinta e oito e quarenta alunos, respectivamente, de terceiro ano do Ensino Médio do Instituto Estadual de Educação Ernesto Alves, em Rio Pardo, RS. A proposta visa tornar o ensino e a aprendizagem desta disciplina mais eficientes, usando metodologia e recursos apropriados para os novos tempos, de forma a despertar o interesse dos alunos pelo conhecimento. A metodologia e recursos utilizados durante o projeto são embasados na teoria construtivista de Jean Piaget e visam proporcionar aos alunos os conhecimentos significativos, defendidos por David Ausubel, tendo como ponto de partida os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos, averiguados através de um Pré-teste. A metodologia e os recursos compreendem aulas expositivas interativas, resolução de problemas e de exercícios, trabalhos individuais e em grupos, realização de experiências reais, realização de experimentos virtuais, usando o aplicativo Edison, adequado para a simulação e o estudo de circuitos elétricos, interação entre os alunos e entre alunos e professora, através de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem- o TelEduc- possibilitando um melhor aproveitamento do tempo, disponibilizando mais recursos para pesquisa e motivando os alunos para a aprendizagem através da utilização das Novas Tecnologias. A Internet é usada como fonte de pesquisa e como tecnologia de comunicação. Tratando-se de um projeto que tem pretensão de ser construtivista, a avaliação dos alunos não poderia se dar de forma tradicional, unicamente através de provas Buscou-se avaliar o crescimento, a aprendizagem significativa de novos conhecimentos, o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências através da observação de seu desempenho em todas as modalidades de atividades desenvolvidas, individualmente ou em grupos. A avaliação se deu através da observação direta da professora durante as aulas (com registro de dados) e através dos testes aplicados e correção de trabalhos entregues em papel ou postados no TelEduc. Acredita-se que esses recursos, complementados pela forma de avaliação tornem as aulas mais agradáveis, fazendo com que os alunos tenham o prazer de participar e aprender, proporcionando a construção do conhecimento e despertando nos mesmos o interesse e a predisposição para o aprendizado. O produto educacional produzido neste trabalho de conclusão é apresentado em forma de CD-Rom. Faz parte do Cd-Rom (Apêndice E) todo o material que foi, gradativamente, disponibilizado na plataforma TelEduc: os textos de apoio, as atividades e os exercícios propostos, o Pré e Pós-teste, os testes aplicados e as questões de vestibulares.

O ensino da teoria da relatividade especial no nível médio : uma abordagem histórica e conceitual

E ste trabalho relata uma experiência de inserção do ensino da teoria da Relatividade Especial com alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio. A aplicação do projeto em sala de aula foi parte integrante das atividades curriculares normais dos alunos, em duas escolas, uma localizada no município de São Jerônimo-RS, Colégio Cenecista Carlos Maximiliano, e outra localizada no município de Triunfo-RS, Escola Técnica Municipal Farroupilha. Foi elaborado um texto para os alunos, contendo a base histórica e conceitual do tema, além de um manual de auxílio aos professores. O texto dos alunos contempla os principais fatos históricos, desde Aristóteles até as conclusões de Albert Einstein, que levaram à construção da Relatividade Especial em 1905. São tratados os conceitos de simultaneidade, dilatação temporal, contração do comprimento, adição de velocidades e energia relativística. A experiência é avaliada, principalmente através de um questionário respondido pelos alunos, antes e após a aplicação do projeto. Também foi feita uma análise de alguns livros de Física do ensino médio, sobre o tratamento dado à teoria da Relatividade Especial. O trabalho foi embasado na teoria de desenvolvimento humano histórico-cultural de Vygotsky e na teoria de aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel e Novak. Acreditamos ter mostrado que é possível incluir o tratamento regular da teoria da Relatividade Especial em escolas de nível médio, contemplando assim os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais que apontam para uma ênfase à Física contemporânea.

A sistematização do conteúdo jogo nas aulas de educação física do ensino fundamental e médio

Since the enactment of LDBEN 9.9394/96, Physical Education began to be understood as a curricular component in school. Thus, we see the need for systematization of content. We observed that the physical education classes at the public schools in Natal/RN from the game content, teachers did not use the existing proposals for systematization. And it was on this reality that the study occurred, aiming to present and discuss a proposal to systematization the game content in physical education classes in elementary and secondary education. Accordingly, we departed of following question: What possibilities of systematization of the game content in school physical education classes?. The methodology used was the action research, which allowed us to structure the intervention plan for the game content, directed to a reflective didactic process. The dialogue with action research provided an opportunity to understand of the proposal of systematization, the knowledge of game content, the planning and process of teaching and learning in physical education lessons developed. We use the proposed systematization the book Educação Física Escolar e Organização Curricular , to direct and organize the lesson plans. As research technique, we use the participant observation, filming, photographic records and field diary, guiding us in the debates and discussions about the field of research. The applications of the lesson plans were carried out in three schools, all located in Natal / RN: Escola Municipal Professora Ivonete Maciel, Escola Municipal Professor Ulisses de Góis e Professor Escola Estadual Josino Macedo. The members of this study were students PIBID-EF-UFRN, teachers, supervisors and school. They made the bridge between research and action, theoretical foundation and pedagogical practice, university and school. The results were advanced for beyond the propositions submitted by the above-mentioned book. For the Elementary School 1, the proposed systematization broadened experiences and learning of knowledge of the game and of playful and body manifestations. Provided an opportunity to know and learn about game of make account, rules, popular games, cooperative games, among others. For Elementary Schools 2 and Middle education, systematized lessons allowed the practical, the incorporation of knowledge of the game and its features: such as rules, origin, meaning of the name, different denominations, among others. The students experienced and learned, popular games, pre-sport games, cooperative games, with recycled material, among others. The treatment from three dimensions of contents: procedural, conceptual and attitudinal, occurred parallel to approach the game content, and in conjunction with our interventions, not being done separately during practice, but an ongoing process during class. This new perspective of work the game, in a systematized way, with applying, description and discussion the activities, allowed elaborate a summary framework of thematizations for game content, by year of teaching

Reflexões e contribuições para o ensino de gravitação clássica no nível médio

The subject of Classic Gravitation is part of the actual curriculum for High School in Brazil, and it is taught in the first year of that education level. This master thesis presents a research regarding the subject Classic Gravitation in High School. This research was based in two complementary guidelines of research and action. The first guideline was the analysis of 21 didactic books of physics which are the more frequently used in High School, in the city of Natal/RN. The second guideline, worked after being verified the most common deficiencies presents in the didactic books, was the elaboration, followed by a practical application, of a course suggesting how to approach that subject in the classroom. The Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (National Curricular Parameters for High School PCNEM) defend that Classic Gravitation is very important in the student s formation and that its study helps the comprehension of many nature s phenomena. Because of this vision of that subject by the PCNEM, the 21 analyzed books were separated in two groups: the first one, containing 10 books, was edited before the spreading of PCNEM, and the second, with 11 books, after that spreading. Whatever the group to which the didactic books belonged, the great majority of them let that subject in a second plan; two of them even suggesting, in the teacher s orientations, that the subject Gravitation can be suppressed in case of insufficient time . These analyses points that the PCNEM had produced no changes in the conception of the authors that wrote books regarding that subject. To analyze the didactic books, we elaborated a script which was used as an analysis tool, in which we put in evidence the relative importance of the historic and philosophic contextualization of the subject, the quotidian experience of the students and the interdisciplinary approach, among other aspects. It became evident that the didactic books give very little emphasis to historic aspects of the knowledge construction, to the relations with the day-by-day questions and to the interdisciplinary character of the subject Gravitation. It calls attention the non concordance among the authors opinions regarding the necessary previous knowledge or prerequisites the students should fulfill in order to begin to study Gravitation. The course we elaborated was given to a group of teachers as well as to students. In those courses we treated theoretical and practical aspects and emphasized historical questions and the ones which are related to people s daily life. The course for teachers was realized as an extra-mural activity of the UFRN and was given by the author of this thesis at the Escola Estadual Francisco Ivo Cavalcanti (a state public school in Natal/RN). There were 23 teachers present, from several public schools and several fields of knowledge. The thesis supervisor and the master degree s colleagues of the author acted as collaborators , reporting the participants opinions and speeches. The course to the students, on the other hand, had the participation of 300 regular students who belonged to 6 different 1st year classes of the High School Escola Marista de Natal (RN), in which the author acts as a physics teacher. The student s course was realized as part of the regular curriculum activities, in which three classes stood under the responsibility of the author and other three classes in charge of another Marista s teacher, who participated as a collaborator . The teacher s course as well as the students one were given in two stages, with five hours each. The first stage was divided in two moments, the first one focused on the survey of the spontaneous conceptions about gravitation, in which we worked basically with experiments of free throwing and pendulum, and the second one focused in theoretical presentations and quarrels about universe s models. In the second stage of the course we improved the study of Kepler s laws and the Newton s Universal Gravitation law, and we used as motivating tools some practices involving the construction of the solar system in scale. As instruments for evaluating both courses we used questionnaires and reported the speeches with participants opinions, beyond usual written evaluations in the course for the students. The teachers who participated in the course showed very good wills in realizing interdisciplinary practices; nevertheless, according their own speeches, they frequently came across the difficulty of how to do . From the experience we had in both courses, we conclude that the approach we propose hear to the teaching of the subject Classic Gravitation , supported on the tripod theory, practice and historical and philosophical aspects, is viable and effective. One hopes that this research may contribute in the formation of a opinion, among the teachers, concerning how to approach the subject of Classic Gravitation, and may offer suggestions in order those who want to apply that approach may develop classroom practices aiming to improve the teaching of that subject, which has a singular importance in the formation of High School students

Uma proposta para o ensino de eletromagnetismo no nível médio

This paper aims at building a proposal for teaching of electromagnetism in the secondary level in the state public school in Natal, RN, encompassing at the most possible comprehensive manner the fundamental aspects of electromagnetism. The methodology employed here is prioritize physical concepts rather than instruments (such as the mathematics), which should have the connotation of just tools, or of aids in the context of physics teaching in the referred teaching level. The proposal is to give teachers a consultation resource, from differentiated lesson plans, which have as main focus activities based primarily in texts and active participation of students in the teaching- learning process and the implementation of the PCN+ proposals (BRAZIL, 2000), which suggest alternative ways to make the practice in the classroom more exciting, targeting a significant teaching-learning process for both the teacher and the student. This material was applied during the 3rd and 4th term (i.e., bimester) throughout the school year of 2007, in the State School Teacher Varela Barca in two classes (3V1 and 3V2) of 3rd grade of secondary level. As evaluation of the implementation of this proposal one can cite that students were more secure when to apply the concepts, when conducting the experiments, and less anxious when formal evaluation of the evidence, showing greater motivation when presented to electromagnetism contextualized in their everyday situations. The product of this educational work includes, besides the dissertation, the lesson plans, itineraries and experimental assessment of the instruments used (Annex E to I)

Impactos do FUNDEF na educação infantil no município de Franca

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)