La carga dinámica de la prueba en el procedimiento laboral colombiano

Es de suma importancia desarrollar un trabajo que explore la actualidad del principio de la carga de la prueba y de las cargas probatorias dinámicas y su aplicabilidad en el procedimiento laboral. De esta manera, no solo se puede abrir el camino para que los jueces asuman una actitud diferente de cara a la búsqueda de la verdad y a la realización de justicia sino que también se puede lograr un impacto social que represente mayor confianza en el poder judicial.

Por uma moradia termicamente confortável: proposta de habitação de interesse social com ênfase no conforto térmico

This research covers the topic of social housing and its relation to thermal comfort, so applied to an architectural and urban intervention in land situated in central urban area of Macaíba/RN, Brazil. Reflecting on the role of design and use of alternative building materials in the search for better performance is one of its main goals. The hypothesis is that by changing design parameters and choice of materials, it is possible to achieve better thermal performance results. Thus, we performed computer simulations of thermal performance and natural ventilation using computational fluid dynamics or CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The presentation of the thermal simulation followed the methodology proposed in the dissertation Negreiros (2010), which aims to find the percentage of the amount of hours of comfort obtained throughout the year, while data analysis was made of natural ventilation from images generated by the images extracted from the CFD. From model building designed, was fitted an analytical framework that results in a comparison between three different proposals for dwellings housing model, which is evaluated the question of the thermal performance of buildings, and also deals with the spatial variables design, construction materials and costs. It is concluded that the final report confirmed the general hypotheses set at the start of the study, it was possible to quantify the results and identify the importance of design and construction materials are equivalent, and that, if combined, lead to gains in thermal performance potential.

Do acesso clássico à comercialização: especificidades do mercado imobiliário informal na área especial de interesse social de Mãe Luiza, Natal/ RN.

This study presents research regarding affordable housing and their effects on the spatial reconfiguration of Natal/ RN, aiming to identify the specificities of the informality of urban land. This study aims to understand how informal housing market operates housing provision for the population located in popular informal settlements, through buying and selling market and rental market of residential properties irregular / illegal. This understanding will be through the neighborhood of Mãe Luisa, Special Area of Social Interest (SASI), located between neighborhoods with a population of high purchasing power and inserted into the tourist shaft of seaside of town. The characterization of informal housing market in Mãe Luiza, from buyers, sellers and renters, will help to understand how these informal transactions operate on SASI and housing provision for public policy development and implementation of housing programs and land regularization for low-income population, adequate to dynamic and reality of housing of informal areas

Política económica y conflicto social

En esta colección de ensayos se postula que la raíz de los problemas debe encontrarse en el carácter parcial del análisis económico, en su exclusiva concentración en las “variables económicas”, implicando su pretensión de total autonomía y preponderancia. En estas reflexiones se pretende ir incluso más allá, sentando algunas bases para un enfoque alternativo que introduzca los fenómenos de poder, el rol del Estado, las alianzas y conflictos sociales. Constituye este, sólo un primer paso tentativo hacia un enfoque totalizante, para cuyo diseño hay aún un largo trecho por recorrer. El primer capítulo, presenta nuestro marco teórico general para formaciones sociales de capitalismo periférico, tomando en consideración las experiencias latinoamericanas. Se busca establecer las correlaciones entre los procesos de acumulación, la dinámica sociopolítica y la política económica generales en el subcontinente, sobre la base de la literatura más reciente. El capítulo segundo, afina el lente sobre la modalidad de acumulación de “sustitución de importaciones”, abarcando los mismos temas con mayor detalle. Se busca fundamentar la “irracionalidad económica”, sobre la base de los procesos sociales y políticos que la determinan y son “racionales”. En el tercer y cuarto capítulo, se ensayan planteos a partir de su respectiva base empírica con el objeto de retinar el marco teórico y darle algún sustento. De un lado, se procederá a explicar las fluctuaciones o fijaciones del tipo de cambio: del otro, los procesos de transferencia de excedentes a través de la política económica (considerando el tipo de cambio y las tasas de interés).

O processo de organização social do Grupo Herança Viva de Chapecó-SC e suas estratégias de ação conjunta

The consequences resulting from economic modernization model generated social and environmental imbalances, resulting in the exclusion and social isolation, perceived consequences in the agricultural sector. When studying social organizations, tends to see how they keep their forward cooperation processes all a company incorporated by the appreciation of individualism and competition. The overall objective for this research was to analyze the organizational dynamics of Agroecology Group Heritage Viva Chapecó, Santa Catarina, in order to identify the strengths and threats and collaborate in this way for preparation of action strategies for sustainability. The selected group is based on the principles of agroecology for the conduct of their agricultural production systems, avoiding the use of agrochemicals, proven through the use of participatory certification seal Ecovida Network, and the products sold mainly in street fairs in the city of chapecó. To fulfill such a proposal were consulted the minutes of meetings and questionnaires with farmers to assess the dynamics of cooperation among its members, through the understanding of their social capital and social network analysis (SNA). To extend the study of the group and its members was adopted methodological approach of action research where activities were developed to identify strengths and weaknesses and contribute to its organizational restructuring, resulting in the construction, carried out by farmers, the guiding principles of the Living Heritage Group will contribute to the decision-making and strengthen their identity. The survey also brought the group is inserted in the Social Transition Agroecology therefore change the current paradigm is not inserted only in the alternative model of production, but in the form of organization of social actors and their role in the marketing process of their products, in discussing the scenario of food supply chains.

A relevância do empreendedorismo social

Os mercados actuais estão mais abertos e globais, exigindo respostas a desafios permanentes que passam pela mudança na dinâmica de funcionamento das organizações, que sentem necessidade de se tornarem mais empreendedoras e inovadoras, em que custos sociais e outros factores críticos de sucesso se tornaram parte integrante da gestão...

Relações escola-famílias e construção complexa de identidades: análise de um projeto desenvolvido no âmbito de um contrato local de desenvolvimento social

Comunicação apresentada no V Encontro do CIED – Escola e Comunidade, nos dias 18 e 19 de novembro de 2011, na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, organizado pelo CIED, com o apoio da Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa

Controle social do espaço público: uma análise do conselho turístico pólo costa das dunas

The managing Conselho of public politics constitute one of the main experiences of democracy in Brazil contemporary representing a conquest for construction of a democratic institutionalism. The historical newness consists of the intensification and the institutionalization of the dialogue between government and society - in public and plural canals - as condition for an allocation more efficient joust and of the public resources. In this context the present study it objectified to understand from readings of the performance of represented group of bencheses the dynamics of functioning of the Tourist Conselho Pólo Costa das Dunas while space of participation and social control. The bibliographical research contemplated diverse sources in order to compile knowledge of credential authors in the quarrel of inherent subjects to the civil society and the public sphere to the construction of the citizenship to the conception formation and dynamics of the social control through Conselho of public politics. A qualitative perspective the case study was adopted as research method and for attainment of the data interviews with the members of the Conselho had been carried through beyond consultation the referring documents the dynamics of functioning of the Conselho. The profiles capacities and limitations of the members of the Conselho had been identified constitution social and dynamic organization of functioning of the Conselho and the readings of the members of the Conselho concerning the power to decide instances and participation. The results had shown that the allotment of being able in the Conselho does not occur of equal form. The functions of coordination of the activities of the Conselho are assumed by the representatives of the public agencies. Level of qualification of council members also if presents as difficulty to development of activities of Conselho since the majority of the interviewed ones disclosed unreliability and unfamiliarity when thematic specific that runs away from its organizacional reality they are boarded in the assemblies. Of this form the Conselho if presents more as half of institutional legitimation of what half of characterization of the creation of a public sphere properly said. Finally he could himself be concluded that a democratic culture inexists that inside crosses practical the institutional ones of the Conselho thus limiting the possibility to reach the effective social control of the public politics of tourism in the Rio Grande do Norte

Narrar con imágenes: entrevistas fotográficas en un estudio comparado de “resiliencia” social y resistencia ante la crisis

En este artículo se presenta una reflexión metodológica sobre la utilización de la entrevista fotográfica en un estudio sobre las estrategias sociales, culturales y comunitarias de “resiliencia” de los hogares fuertemente afectados por la crisis económica y social actual. Esta investigación se realizó en el marco del proyecto europeo RESCuE en el que participan nueve países que se han visto afectados en distinto grado por la crisis. En el artículo se reflexiona sobre las aportaciones y el enriquecimiento que ha posibilitado esta técnica en la investigación, permitiendo un mayor y más diverso acercamiento a las narraciones sobre las prácticas de resiliencia (individual, grupal, comunitaria), así como en torno a las interpretaciones y vivencias sobre estas prácticas en el ámbito cotidiano de los sujetos, con mayor posibilidad de internacionalización del material y los resultados. También se profundiza en las limitaciones y obstáculos de la entrevista fotográfica en la investigación realizada, reflexionando sobre las precauciones a adoptar en el diseño y dinámica de aplicación de esta técnica, de manera que no limite las múltiples potencialidades que la foto- elicitación ofrece.

A Geração de inovação na carcinicultura do RN: Uma análise a partir da imersão social

This dissertation examines the organizational innovation as a nonlinear process, which occurs in a social and political context and, therefore, socially immersed. Examines the case of shrimp in the state of RN, starting from the following problem: although the norteriograndense shrimp occupies the largest producer of farmed shrimp from Brazil, has a series of bottlenecks concerning the generation of industry innovation, concerning the social relationships and policies between the various actors in the network, whether private or public, and its consequences in terms of opportunity and limits generated for the innovative dynamics. The objective of the research is to understand how the social embeddedness of political actors affects norteriograndense shrimp within the context of structural relations, the industry generation of innovation, throughout its technological trajectory . The approach of social embeddedness balances atomised perspectives, undersocialized and oversocialized, of economic action, considering both the human capacity to act as sources of constraint, whose mechanisms are analyzed the structural and political. In methodological terms this is a case study, analyzed from the research literature, documentary and experimental. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed in depth by the technique of content analysis. Was adopted a longitudinal approach, seeking to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of the subjects, describing it in an inductive process of investigation. After characterizing the sector and defining their technological trajectory, the analysis of the results followed its four stages: (1) Introduction of Technology: 1973-1980, (2) Intensification of Research: 1981-1991, (3) Technological Adaptation, 1992 -2003, (4) Technological Crisis: 2004-2009. A cross-sectional analysis along the evolutionary trajectory revealed the character of structural changes and policies over time, and implications on the generating process of innovation. Note that, the technological limit to which the sector reached requires changes in technology standards, but is more likely that the potiguar shrimp is entering a new phase of his career in technology rather than a new technological paradigm

Redes de cooperação transfronteiriça? Dilemas da rede transfronteiriça da educação/formação como instrumento de inclusão social no Alentejo-Extremadura : Um olhar dos actores das escolas oficiais de idiomas

A presente proposta de investigação, ao abordar os dilemas inerentes à cooperação transfronteiriça, no âmbito da educação/formação, no Alentejo-Extremadura, traduz-se assim, num diagnóstico a nível meso, já que aborda em termos micro, o papel dos professores das Escolas Oficiais de Idiomas da Extremadura enquanto potenciais agentes de regulação da cooperação transfronteiriça, através das suas relações interpessoais, funcionando esta regulação como uma ponte ou forma intermediária de atingir a regulação macro, entendida aqui como a regulação nacional e internacional, no panorama transfronteiriço Portugal/Espanha. A Escola Oficial de Idiomas, ao possuir uma estrutura organizacional geradora de uma dinâmica das relações sociais dos actores, permitiu diagnosticar, no seu dinamismo, a importância das interdependências entre os indivíduos, e destes com o exterior, as quais poderão constituir "redes emergentes'' de cooperação, assentes essencialmente em relações débeis e muitas informais, servindo de eventuais nós na criação de redes de cooperação transfronteiriça mais formais. / Summary: This research proposal, as it tackles the dilemmas inherent in cross-border cooperation concerning education/training in Alentejo-Extremadura, is thus a meso level analysis, since it deals, at the micro levei, with the role of the teachers in the Official Language Schools of Extremadura as potential regulation agents of cross-border cooperation, through their interpersonal relationships. This regulation acts as a bridge or an intermediary way of achieving macro regulation, which refers to the national and international regulation in Portugal/Spain's cross-border context. The Official Language School, possessing an organizational structure that brings dynamics into the actors’ social relations, has made it possible, within its dynamism, to establish the importance of the interdependence between individuals, and between them and the outside, which may create "emerging networks" of cooperation, based mostly in feeble and many informal relationships, operating as possible ties in the creation of more formal networks of cross-border cooperation.

O marketing e a atuação social das empresas: uma relação possível?

The present work is about a study of multiple cases with exploratory and descriptiveperspective and qualitative emphasis. Its field of study is constituted by three local companieswith description of social performance, with emphasis in the personal interview with thecontrollers. Its main objective consists of understanding as it has occurred the marketingrelation with the enterprise social performance in the context of these companies located inthe State of the Rio Grande do Norte who carry out social investments. For this, it hassearched to analyze the types and characteristics of the developed social actions, to evaluatethe motivations and objectives of the accomplishment of social actions, to verify theimportance and influence of the social performance in the dynamics of the companies, toverify the level of specific knowledge and information in the areas of marketing and socialperformance in the companies and to evaluate the process of communication (promotion andspreading) of the social performance carried out by the companies. It has been verified thatthe company A directly associates it its social and ambient activities with differentiationbenefits, competitiveness, creation of value, loyalty, relationships, image, prestige,positioning of the company, sale and financial return, beyond benefits in the internal level asbigger motivation of its employees and retention of talents, not existing rejection to theinterlacement of the concepts related to the marketing and the social one. Already in companyB rejection in relating its practical social to the marketing, being observed after posteriorquestionings, that the relation of direct and indirect form exists and those divulgations of theseactions are carried out, contradicting the arguments of the controllers of that the actions wouldnot be carried out to generate media. In company C, it been verified rejection andcontradiction with relation to the concepts related to the marketing, alleging itself that theimage of the harnessed company to its social performance is not used in proper benefit,evidencing itself that this company divulges its action and is marketable benefited, even so isnot this the main objective of its social programs. It has concluded that the association ofthese two concepts is positive and favorable to the development of the businesses and thesocial actions of the companies, legitimizing them and benefiting the involved company,groups in the actions and the society that profits socially from the private social involvement in the social matters

Prácticas pedagógicas de profesores en centros educativos contemplados en el plan piloto de las Escuelas Inclusivas de Tiempo Pleno, como estrategia del rediseño del aula del Plan Social Educativo en el Departamento de San Vicente durante el periodo de marzo a agosto de 2013

En el contexto educativo Salvadoreño es necesario conocer implementar cambios educativos que orienten la acción didáctica hacia la transformación de una nueva escuela; que desde sus bases educativas se gesten procesos pedagógicos que propicien formación de estudiantes más propositivos con una elevada autoestima, que investiguen e inventen, reflexionen y sean capaces de contextualizar y generalizar ideas, con una visión filosófica del mundo y realidad que necesita el ser humano salvadoreño; es aquí donde el cometido pedagógico y social debe trascender, a partir de la dinámica que se genere en las instituciones educativas, dinámica que ha de abandonar las practicas viejas de una historia educativa, arraigada en la formación del prototipo de estudiante que ha venido constituyendo la educación en el salvador y producto de una base epistemológica conductista, de un currículo oculto que ha ido respondiendo a las necesidades de una estructura económica social que ha configurado la cultura salvadoreña para los intereses de la clase dominante. Por lo anterior esta investigación centra su atención en estudio de la dimensión pedagógica que se desarrolla al interior de los centros educativos del departamento de San Vicente y seleccionados por la departamental de educación de dicho departamento, como Escuelas Inclusivas de Tiempo Pleno, con el propósito de conocer, comparar y analizar las practicas pedagógicas que implementan los docentes para desarrollar su ejercicio profesional y didáctico con éxito en la consecución de los aprendizajes significativos de los estudiantes y cumpliendo con lo establecido en Plan Social educativo 2009- 2014 del Ministerio de Educación de el salvador

A discriminação de homens gays na dinâmica das relações de emprego : reflexões sob a perspectiva do direito fundamental ao trabalho digno

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, 2016.

O Litoral e a metrópole dinâmica imobiliária, turismo e expansão urbana na região metropolitana de Natal-RN

The metropolitan regions of Northeast Brazil are being gradually included in a scenario of international investments, which are motivated by the restructuring of both touristic and real-estate sectors. The new capital, real-estate developers and space configurations that result from this process indicate the need for the creation and implementation of public tools which should, at least, allow the mitigation of the urban impacts and environmental losses resulting from this situation. The effects on landscape and on the socio-spatial configuration result from the intensification caused by the dynamism of the "real estate-tourism" sector. There is a regional integration as an expression of the urban expansion of the metropolitan area of Natal. This study investigates the uniqueness of the restructuring and territorial integration of coastal areas and the strategies of the circuit of capital accumulation formed by linking the real estate to tourism. It is intended to increase the understanding about the strategies of tourism, real estate and public policy agents involved in this territorial reconfiguration and in the fund-raising needed for the investments, to understand the existing social and environmental effects and their future trends and also to understand the forms of spatial production as results from the practices of approaching the land transformation and the tourism valorization of the landscape, in a synchronous manner, first in the Northeast region and, as a focal study, in the Metropolitan Area of Natal. Likewise, it is intended to apprehend the current processes of metropolization of the eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, in addition to indicate its physical-territorial transformation and the types of projects/developments promoted by the market in the recent period. Based upon analysis undertaken for the Metropolitan Region of Natal RN, this piece of work presents some considerations on possible legal instruments that can be adjusted to the municipalities which are experiencing the impact of this peculiar and recent phenomenon in the region, caused by the arrival of the real estate-touristic capital. It is also intended to point out basic proposals to the forms of public intervention, in a speculative way, starting from a Metropolitan Planning project within a medium and long term