Envejecimiento e institucionalidad para el cuidado de las personas mayores

Incluye Bibliografía

De la evanescencia a la mira: el cuidado como eje de políticas y de actores en América Latina

Incluye Bibliografía

Cuidado em saúde mental: a escuta de pacientes egressos de um Hospital Dia.

This is a qualitative study aiming at understanding how patients discharged from a Mental Health Day Hospital view the service, at learning whether such service contributed to changes in their lives and at whether those individuals continued treatment. Semi-structured interviews and documental research were used for nine patients who had completed treatment at the service in 2008. Thematic analysis was adopted for organization of the data obtained, which were analyzed according to the Psychosocial Rehabilitation framework. It emphasizes the importance of looking for the various subjective aspects of human existence, requiring from services and professionals the establishment of a caring relationship that enables the reconstruction of trajectories interrupted by the onset of the disease, through actions that consider the integrality and intersectionality.

Some thoughts on the definition of the informal sector

Includes bibliography

The informal sector and poverty in Latin America

Includes bibliography

La cuestión del cuidado: ¿El eslabón perdido del análisis económico?

Incluye Bibliografía

Income polarization, the middle class and informal employment in Greater Buenos Aires, 1974-2010

Includes bibliography

Algunos alcances sobre la definición del sector informal

Incluye Bibliografía

Las relaciones entre los sectores formal e informal

Incluye Bibliografía

Informal-formal sector interrelationships

Includes bibliography

Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Background: Mycobacterium spp. is one of the most important species of zoonotic pathogens that can be transmitted from cattle to humans. The presence of these opportunistic, pathogenic bacteria in bovine milk has emerged as a public-health concern, especially among individuals who consume raw milk and related dairy products. To address this concern, the Brazilian control and eradication program focusing on bovine tuberculosis, was established in 2001. However, bovine tuberculosis continues to afflict approximately 1,3 percent of the cattle in Brazil. In the present study, 300 samples of milk from bovine herds, obtained from both individual and collective bulk tanks and informal points of sale, were cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen and Stonebrink media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests and restriction-enzyme pattern analysis were then performed on the colonies exhibiting phenotypes suggestive of Mycobacterium spp., which were characterized as acid-fast bacilli.Results: Of the 300 bovine milk samples that were processed, 24 were positively identified as Mycobacterium spp.Molecular identification detected 15 unique mycobacterial species: Mycobacterium bovis, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, M. flavescens, M. duvalii, M. haemophilum, M. immunogenum, M. lentiflavum, M. mucogenicum, M. novocastrense, M. parafortuitum, M. smegmatis, M. terrae and M. vaccae. The isolation of bacteria from the various locations occurred in the following proportions: 9 percent of the individual bulk-tank samples, 7 percent of the collective bulk-tank samples and 8 percent of the informal-trade samples. No statistically significant difference was observed between the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in the three types of samples collected, the milk production profiles, the presence of veterinary assistance and the reported concerns about bovine tuberculosis prevention in the herds.Conclusion: The microbiological cultures associated with PCR-based identification tests are possible tools for the investigation of the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk samples. Using these methods, we found that the Brazilian population may be regularly exposed to mycobacteria by consuming raw bovine milk and related dairy products. These evidences reinforces the need to optimize quality programs of dairy products, to intensify the sanitary inspection of these products and the necessity of further studies on the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk and milk-based products. © 2013 Franco et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Mujeres en el sector informal en América Latina: aspectos metodológicos

Incluye Bibliografía

Importancia del sector informal en los futuros asentamientos urbanos: la metrópolis dual = Importance of the informal sector in future urban settlements: the dual metropolis

Incluye Bibliografía

La crisis social en América Latina y el desarrollo del sector informal

Esboza aspectos de la crisis social en América Latina y plantea desafíos actuales del desarrollo para enfocar con una visión más amplia las discusiones del seminario sobre la vivienda en el sector informal.

Medidas para reforzar la participación del sector informal en el mejoramiento de la vivienda para los más pobres

Plantea que para fortalecer la participación de los sectores más pobres en el mejoramiento de su hábitat es necesaria la interacción de los protagonistas: pobladores, Estado, técnicos y empresas de construcción; y expone algunas actividades concretas realizadas en ese sentido por la Fundación Vivienda y Comunidad de Argentina.