地震资料叠前储层预测综合研究--以辽中凹陷东二下段浊积扇气藏为例

Reservoir prediction techniques from prestack seismic are among the most important ones for exploration of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir. In this paper, we set the turbidite fan sandstone reservoir in Liao-Zhong depress as our researching target, and aims to solve the apllication difficulties on pre-stack inversion in the area, where the drilling data is scarce and the reservoir is lateral varied. Meanwhile, AVO analysis and pre-stack inversion for gas-bearing detection is systematically researched. The seismic reflection characters of gas-bearing sandstone in turbidite fan with different fluid content are defined, after analyzing results from AVO seismic simulation and porous fluid replacement of real log data, and under the guides of the seismic characters from classical gas-bearing sandstone reservoir and numerical simulation for complicate gas-bearing sandstone. It is confirmed that detecting gas-bearing sandstone in turbidite fan via AVO technologies is feasible. In terms of AVO analysis, two AVO characters, fluid detection factor and product of intercept and gradient, can effectively identify top and bottom boundaries and lateral range of tuibidite gas sand by comparing real drilling data. Cross-plotting of near and far angle stack data could avoid the correlation existing in P-G analysis. After comparing the acoustic impedance inversions with routine stacked data and AVO intercept, impedance derived from AVO intercept attribute could reduce the acoustic impedance estimating error which is caused by AVO. On the aspect of elastic impedance inversion, the AVO information in the pre-stack gathers is properly reserved by creating partial angle stack data. By the far angle elastic impedance alone, the gas sand, with abnormally low range of values, can be identified from the background rocks. The boundary of gas sand can also be clearly determined by cross-plotting of near and far angle elastic impedances. The accuracy of far angle elastic impedance is very sensitive to the parameter K, and by taking the statistical average of Vp/Vs on the targeted section in key wells, the accuracy of low frequency trends is gurranteed; the intensive absorsion within the area of the gas sand, which tends to push the spectral of seismic data to the lower end, will cause errors on the inversion result of elastic impedance. The solution is to confine the inversion on the interested area by improving the wavelet. On the aspect of prestack AVA simultaneous inversion, the constraint of local rock-physical trends between velocities of P-wave、S-wave and density successfully removes the instability of inversion, thus improves the precision of the resulting elastic parameters. Plenty of data on rock properties are derived via AVO analysis and prestack seismic data inversion. Based on them, the fluid anomaly is analysized and lithological interpretation are conducted. The distribution of gas sand can be consistently determined via various of ways, such as cross-plotting of P and G attributes, near and far partial angle stack data, near and far angle elastic impedances, λρ and Vp/Vs, etc. The shear modulo and density are also reliable enough to be used for lithological interpretation. We successfully applied the AVO analysis and pre-stack inversion techniques to gas detecting for turbidite fan sand reservoir in Liao-Zhong depression.

孔南地区孔一段、孔二段储层构型及改善开发效果对策研究

Integrating geology, core, well-logging, experimental data, and production data, with the guide of sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology, reservoir exploitation geology and other disciplines’ theories, combinating the sequence stratigraphy and Maill’s reservoir architectures concepts and theories, the research and analysis methods of non-marine fan-delta reservoir architectures are systemly set out. And the correspondence of reservoir structures, sedimentology and reservoir geology is established. An integral and systematical research approach and theory and conception of reservoir architecture is developed, which enriched the reservoir research theory. Considering the requirement to the reservoir research in different development phase, the six classification systems of reservoir architectures are brought up. According to different reservoir’s connection and location of Ek different levels of reservoir architecture, 3 types, 20 kind architectures styles are summarized. The research about undisturbed reservoir characterization is launched, through analyzing reservoir characterization to pour water to the different reservoirs of Kongnan region, the changing regular pattern of reservoir quality during pouring water process is summarized. Combined with the actual zone data, inner-well reservoir geometry relationship of injection-production model is designed, and the models of development process are dynamic simulated. In view of seven laboratory samples of 3 types, six order architecture unit of braided stream, fan-delta and nearshore subsea apron in Kongnan region, the remaining oil distribution model is determined. Using the geo-statistics methods dissect the key regions, the tectono-stratigraphical model and the reservoir parameters model are established. The distribution of the characteristics of the underground reservoir is quantitatively described. Based on the reservoir research, carrying out the development of different characteristics of reservoir, the development pattern and countermeasures are determined. The relationships between reservoir structure levels and reservoir development stages are summed up, the relationships between architecture unit of different levels and exploration develop stages are determined.

塔里木盆地轮南地区三叠系油气地质模型及油气预测研究

As an important measure to understand oil and gas accumulation during petroleum exploration and development, Petroleum geological model is an integrated system of theories and methods, which includes sedimentology, reservoir geology, structural geology, petroleum geology and other geological theories, and is used to describe or predict the distribution of oil and gas. Progressive exploration and development for oil and gas is commonly used in terrestrial sedimentary basin in China for the oil and gas generation, accumulation and exploitation are very intricate. It is necessary to establish petroleum geological model, adaptive to different periods of progressive exploration and development practice. Meanwhile there is lack of an integrated system of theories and methods of petroleum geological model suitable for different exploration and development stages for oil and gas, because the current different models are intercrossed, which emphasize their different aspects. According to the characteristics of exploration and development for the Triassic oil and gas pool in Lunnan area, Tarim Basin, the Lunnan horst belt was selected as the major study object of this paper. On the basis of the study of petroleum geological model system, the petroleum geological models for different exploration and development stages are established, which could be applied to predict the distribution of oil and gas distribution. The main results are as follows. (1) The generation-accumulation and exploration-development of hydrocarbon are taken as an integrated system during the course of time, so petroleum exploration and development are closely combined. Under the guidance of some philosophical views that the whole world could be understood, the present writer realizes that any one kind of petroleum geological models can be used to predict and guide petroleum exploration and development practice. The writer do not recognize that any one kind of petroleum geological models can be viewed as sole model for guiding the petroleum exploration and development in the world. Based on the differences of extents and details of research work during various stage of exploration and development for oil and gas, the system of classification for petroleum geological models is established, which can be regarded as theoretical basis for progressive petroleum exploration and development. (2) A petroleum geological model was established based on detailed researches on the Triassic stratigraphy, structure, sedimentology and reservoir rocks in the Lunnan area, northern Tarim Basin. Some sub-belt of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Lunnan area are divided and the predominate controlling factors for oil and gas distribution in the Lunnan area are given out. (3) Geological models for Lunnan and Jiefangqudong oil fields were rebuilt by the combinations of seismology and geology, exploration and development, dynamic and static behavior, thus finding out the distribution of potential zones for oil and gas accumulations. Meanwhile Oil and gas accumulations were considered as the important unit in progressive exploration and development, and the classification was made for Lunnan Triassic pools. Petroleum geological model was created through 3D seismic fine interpretation and detailed description of characteristics of reservoir rocks and the distribution of oil and gas, especially for LN3 and LN26 well zones. The possible distribution of Triassic oil traps and their efficiency in the Lunnan area has been forecasted, and quantitative analysis for original oil(water) saturation in oil pools was performed. (4) The concept of oil cell is proposed by the writer for the first time. It represents the relatively oil-rich zones in oil pool, which were formed by the differences of fluid flows during the middle stage of reservoir development. The classification of oil cells is also given out in this paper. After the studies of physical and numerical modeling, the dominant controlling factors for the formation of various oil cells are analyzed. Oil cells are considered as the most important hydrocarbon potential zones after first recovery, which are main object of progressive development adjustment and improvement oil recovery. An example as main target of analysis was made for various oil cells of Triassic reservoir in the LN2 well area. (5) It is important and necessary that the classification of flow unit and the establishment of geological model of flow unit based on analysis of forecast for inter-well reservoir parameters connected with the statistical analysis of reservoir character of horizontal wells. With the help of self-adaptive interpolation and stochastic simulation, the geological model of flow units was built on the basis of division and correlation of flow units, with which the residual oil distribution in TIII reservoir in the LN2 well area after water flooding can be established.

改造型盆地油气成藏机理与油气预测－以银根－额济纳旗盆地为例

Reformed basin is a basin that underwent multiple immense reformation after the sedimentary stage, the major geologic elements of the petroleum system in the prototyped basin are destroyed to a certain extent, and their petroleum system has been reconstructed. This type of basin is frequently found in the course of exploration both home and abroad. In China, especially in the western and southern part of China, the basins in which oil explorations have been conducted are mostly reformed basins. The reformed basins from Paleozoic, Late Mesozoic to Cenozoic are widely distributed in West and South China. They are, and moreover, will be a challenge for oil and gas exploration. The conventional investigation and exploration techniques used in the slightly reconstructed basin just don't work well when facing the reformed basin. Therefore, the study on the reformed basin, especially the study on the pool-forming mechanism and reservoir prediction becomes a focus and one of difficulties for the geologists overseas and domestic. Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin is a typical case of the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic reformed basins in China. It locates in West China and is a exploration frontier with difficulties and no break through is made for years. A comprehensive research on it will be of significance for oil and gas exploration in similar basins of China. The late research for reformed basin in China now is mainly concentrated on basin classification, formation mechanism, geologic features, and survey technique, distribution regularity of oil accumulation and its dominating factors, assessment of oil exploration prospect and target zones, etc. On the other hand, the study on the pool-forming mechanism and reservoir prediction seems insufficient in systematization, and the research is deficient in methodology and combination of qualitative and quantitative studies, as well as the application of the new theory and techniques. The current efforts are mainly directed to structures (faults), sedimentation, the relationship between reservoir evolution and oil accumulation, and some other relevant fields. However, the application of the new theory and techniques seems to be insufficient such as petroleum system, pool-forming dynamics, fluid pressure compartment, and basin simulation, etc. So is the dynamic and integrated research. As a result, incomplete knowledge and understandings derived from the research on pool-forming mechanism and reservoir prediction often do not accord with rea-lity of the basin. The study and exploration under the guidance of this knowledge will inevitably lead to errors and failure. This paper, based on the previous study of the other geologists on reformed basins, with emphasis on "wholeness or systematic, dynamic and integrated" research, presents a reverse thinking of beginning from conserved units in the basin and the combination of qualitative and quantitative study with new theory and technique by building a geological model. The paper also puts forward a new thought for studying the oil & gas accumulation and reservoir prediction , and establishes a new research system for reformed basin. It is verified by the known reservoir and oil accumulation area in the basin and has a practical value for use and reference. The new ideas and achievements in this research are as following: 1.This is the first time that the system for studying the reformed basin and its pool-forming mechanism and reservoir prediction is presented. A reverse thinking and combination of qualitative & quantitative are applied here with emphasis on "wholeness or systematic, dynamic and integrated" research, new theory, techniques & methods comprehensive use and geologic models building. 2. Identifying criterion and methods, classifying schemes, and denominating principles for the conserved units of reformed basins are presented in this paper. The geologic model of conserved units of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin has been built. It is a practical method when combined with the traditional way for basin survey and the conserved units study. 3.The dynamic sources of basin deformation are believed to be stress, gravity and thermodynamics. The stress and gravity are key factors in basin deformation and pool forming, especially stress. Scientific proof is provided by classifying the functional type, style and range of the stress, gravity and thermodynamics. 4.The pool forming and reservoir distribution of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin are controlled by multiple factors or geologic conditions or/and co-controlled by both of them. The qualitative and quantitative research on petroleum system and basin modeling will help us understand and determine the pool-forming period of the conserved unit (timing), the oil migrating direction (orientation), the oil accumulating region (location), the oil distributing border (bordering) and the size of oil accumulation (quantification). Thus the pool-forming and distribution zones can be predicted. 5.Three generating modes (reform-succession type, reform-destroyed type and reform-regenerating type or reform-newborn type) of pool forming for reformed basins are presented here, together with the inner relationships between basin deformation type, overlapping style and pool-forming modes. The pool-forming modes are determined by deformation type and overlapping style. Reservoir distribution will be predicted based on the modes and other concrete pool-forming conditions. 6.The evaluation methods of the conserved units and zones and the parameter selection are reliable in optimal selecting of target zones. The technical terms, new ideas and methods for the study of reformed basins, the pool-forming mechanism and reservoir prediction are presented in this paper. The concepts and terms, the identifying criterion, the denominating principles, the generating modes for pool forming, the methods of reservoir prediction, and the evaluation techniques for conserved units and zones can be used for reference in studies on the petroleum exploration of reformed basins in China and abroad. It serves as a typical example for further research of the reformed basins and the geologic regulations of oil accumulation. It has a practical value of use and reference. The future research in the field of pool-forming mechanism of the reformed basins may well be on the process simulation of pool-forming dynamics of the reformed basins. Experimental work has been conducted to simulate the processes by using quantitative and qualitative methods combined. The further study in this field calls for more efforts.

岩性油藏储层预测的地震理论与方法研究

At present the main object of the exploration and development (E&D) of oil and gas is not the structural oil-gas pools but the subtle lithological oil-gas reservoir. Since the last 90's, the ratio of this kind of pools in newly-added oil reserves is becoming larger and larger, so is the ratio in the eastern oilfields. The third oil-gas resource evaluation indicates the main exploration object of Jiyang depression is the lithological oil-gas pools in future. However, lack of effective methods that are applied to search for this kind of pool makes E&D difficult and the cost high. In view of the urgent demand of E&D, in this paper we deeply study and analyze the theory and application in which the seismic attributes are used to predict and describe lithological oil-gas reservoirs. The great results are obtained by making full use of abundant physics and reservoir information as well as the remarkable lateral continuity involved in seismic data in combination with well logging, drilling-well and geology. ①Based on a great deal of research and different geological features of Shengli oilfield, the great progresses are made some theories and methods of seismic reservoir prediction and description. Three kinds of extrapolation near well seismic wavelet methods-inverse distance interpolation, phase interpolation and pseudo well reflectivity-are improved; particularly, in sparse well area the method of getting pseudo well reflectivity is given by the application of the wavelet theory. The formulae for seismic attributes and coherent volumes are derived theoretically, and the optimal method of seismic attributes and improved algorithms of picking up coherent data volumes are put forward. The method of making sequence analysis on seismic data is put forward and derived in which the wavelet transform is used to analyze not only qualitatively but also quantitatively seismic characteristics of reservoirs.② According to geologic model and seismic forward simulation, from macro to micro, the method of pre- and post-stack data synthetic analysis and application is put forward using seismic in close combination with geology; particularly, based on making full use of post-stack seismic data, "green food"-pre-stack seismic data is as possible as utilized. ③ In this paper, the formative law and distributing characteristic of lithologic oil-gas pools of the Tertiary in Jiyang depression, the knowledge of geological geophysics and the feasibility of all sorts of seismic methods, and the applied knowledge of seismic data and the geophysical mechanism of oil-gas reservoirs are studied. Therefore a series of perfect seismic technique and software are completed that fit to E&D of different categories of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs. ④ This achievement is different from other new seismic methods that are put forward in the recent years, that is multi-wave multi-component seismic, cross hole seismic, vertical seismic, and time-lapse seismic etc. that need the reacquisition of seismic data to predict and describe the oil-gas reservoir. The method in this paper is based on the conventional 2D/3D seismic data, so the cost falls sharply. ⑤ In recent years this technique that predict and describe lithologic oil-gas reservoirs by seismic information has been applied in E&D of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs on glutenite fans in abrupt slop and turbidite fans in front of abrup slop, slump turbidite fans in front of delta, turbidite fans with channel in low slope and channel sanbody, and a encouraging geologic result has been gained. This achievement indicates that the application of seismic information is one of the most effective ways in solving the present problem of E&D. This technique is significant in the application and popularization, and positive on increasing reserves and raising production as well as stable development in Shengli oilfield. And it will be directive to E&D of some similar reservoirs

河流成因储层沉积微相与剩余油分布及形成机理研究

Based on the study of fluvial sandstone reservoir in upper of Guantao group in Gudao and Gudong oilfields, this paper first introduces A.D.Miall's(1996a) architectural-element analysis method that was summarized from ground outcrop scale into the reservoir formation research of the study area, more subtly divides sedimentary microfacies and establishes sedimentary model of research area.on this base, this paper summarizes the laws of residual oil distribution of fluvial formation and the control effect of sedimentary microfacies to residual oil distribution, and reveals residual oil formation mechanism. These results have been applied to residual oil production, and the economic effect is good. This paper will be useful for residual oil research and production and enhancement of oil recovery in similar reservoir. The major conclusions of this paper are as follows. 1. Using the architectural-element analysis method to the core data, a interfacial division scheme of the first to the dixth scale is established for the studied fluvial formation. 2.Seven architectural-elements are divided in upper of Guantao group of study area. The sandstone group 5～1+2 of Neogene upper Gutao group belongs to high sinuous fine grain meandering river, and the sandstone group 6 is sandy braided river. 3. Inter layer, the residual oil saturation of "non-main layer" is higher than "main layer", but the residual recoverable reserve of former is larger. Therefore, "main layer" is the main body of residual oil distribution. The upper and middle part of inner layer has lower permeability and strong seeping resistance. Addition to gravity effect in process of driving, its driving efficiency is low; residual oil saturation is high. Because of controlling of inside non-permeable interlayer or sedimentary construction, the residual oil saturation of non-driving or lower driving efficiency position also is high. On plane, the position of high residual oil saturation mostly is at element LV, CS, CH (FF), FF etc, Which has lower porosity and permeability, as well as lens sand-body and sand-body edge that is not controlled by well-net, non-perfect area of injection and production, lower press difference resort area of inter-well diffiuent-line and shelter from fault, local high position of small structure. 4.Microscopic residual oil mainly includes the non-moved oil in the structure of fine pore network, oil in fine pore and path, oil segment in pore and path vertical to flow direction, oil spot or oil film in big pore, residual oil in non-connective pore. 5.The most essential and internal controlling factor of fluvial formation residual oil distribution is sedimentary microfacies. Status of injection and production is the exterior controlling factor of residual oil distribution. 6. The controlling effect of formation sedimentary microfacies to residual oil distribution indicates inter-layer vertical sedimentary facies change in scale of injection and production layer-series, planar sedimentary face change and inner-layer vertical sedimentary rhythm and interbed in single layer to residual oil distribution. 7. It is difficult to clear up the inter-layer difference in scale of injection and production layer-series. The using status of minor layer is not good and its residual oil saturation is high relatively. It is obvious that inter-layer vertical sedimentary facies changes control inter-layer residual oil distribution at the same or similar conditions of injection and production. For fluvial formation, this vertical sedimentary facies change mainly is positive gyration. Namely, from down to top, channel sediment (element CHL, LA) changes into over-bank sediment (element LV, CR, CS). 8. In water-injection developing process of transverse connecting fluvial sandstone oil formation, injection water always comes into channel nearby, and breaks through along channel and orientation of high pressure gradient, does not expand into side of channel until pressure gradient of channel orientation changes into low. It brings about that water-driving status of over-bank sedimentary element formation (LV, CR, CS) is not good, residual oil saturation is high. In non-connective abandoned channel element (CH) formation with channel, because this reverse is difficult to control by injection and production well-series, its using status is not good, even terribly not good, residual oil is enrichment. 9. The rhythm and sedimentary structure, sedimentary facies change in single sand body brings about vertical changes of formation character, growth character of inner layer interbed. These are important factor of controlling and affecting vertical water spread volume and inner layer residual oil forming and distribution in single sand body. Positive rhythm, is the principal part of fluvial sandstone inner layer sedimentary rhythm. Namely, from down to upside, rock grain granularity changes from coarse to fine, seeping ability changes from strong to feebleness. It brings about that water-driving status of inner layer upside is not good, residual oil saturation is high. Inner layer interbed has different degree affecting and controlling effect to seeping of oil and water. Its affecting degree lies on interbed thickness, extending scale, position, and jeted segment of production or injection well. The effect of interbed at upside of oil formation to oil and water seeping is less; the effect of interbed at middle of oil formation to oil and water seeping is more. 10. Indoor experiment and research indicate that wettability, permeability step, vertical permeability, position of Kmax and ratio of oil viscousity and water viscousity all have great effect on the water-driving recovery ratio. 11. Microscopic residual oil distribution is affected and controlled by formation pore network structure, pressure field distribution, and oil characteristic. 12.The residual oil forming mechanism: the over-bank sedimentary element and upper part of a positive rhythm sandstone have fine pore and throat network, permeability is low, displacement pressure of pore and throat is high. The water-driving power usually falls short of displacement pressure that brings about injection water does not spread into these pore and throat network, thereby immovable oil area, namely residual oil, is formed. At underside of channel sedimentary element and positive rhythm sandstone, porosity and permeability is relatively high, connecting degree of pore and throat is high, displacement pressure of pore and throat is low. Thereby injection water is easy to enter into pore and throat, driving oil in them. Because the pore space is irregular, the surface of pore wall is coarse and non-flat. That the oil locate on concave hole of pore wall and the dead angle of pore, and the oil attaches on surface of pore wall by surface tension, are difficult to be peeled off, becoming water-driving residual oil (remaining oil). On the other hand, Because flowing section lessens, flowing resistance increase, action of capillary fore, or seeping speed decreases at process of transfer at pass narrow throat path in the course carried by driving water. The "oil drop", "oil bead", or "oil segment" peeled off by driving water is difficult to carry and to drive out by water at less pressure difference. Thereby they are enclosed in pore to form discontinuous residual oil. 13.This results described above have been applied in nine develop blocks of Gudao and Gudong oilfield. Its applying effect is marked through local injection production adjustment, deploying replacement well, repair hole, replacement envelop, block off water and profile control etc. Relative method and technology can be applied to other oil production area of Shengli oilfield, and obtain better economic and societal effect.

吐哈盆地山前带构造岩相带及油气藏预测研究

This paper based on the example of mountain front tectonic belt of Tuha basin - a typical basin in west China, using geological, logging and seismic data, combining the two methods-comprehensive analysis of geological-geophysical data and numerical simulation together, studies the types of tectonic lithofacies and the mechanism of oil/gas accumulation in mountain front tectonic belt, and predicts favorable exploration areas. The tectonic lithofacies in periphery belt of compressional basin is systematically studied for the first time. The distribution and systematically analyzed with geological, logging and seismic data; the bury history of formations in the mountain front are restored with the back-stripping technique; the tectonic depression history of the mountain front is studied according to Airy Balanced Model; the tectonic evolution history is restored with the balanced section technique; according to the space composition of tectonic units and sedimentary systems of different geological time, the tectonic facies belt of the middle and lower Jurassic in the piedmont is divided into 12 types, and the controls of each type's tectonic lithofacies belt on the conditions of oil/gas generation, reservation and sealing are analyzed in depth. 3D numerical simulation and analysis is applied to the tectonic stress field in the hydrocarbon reservoir-forming-period for the first time. Because of the complex evolution of mountain front of Tuha basin, 3D numerical simulation of tectonic stress field in the hydrocarbon reservoir-forming-period helps to study the magnitude of the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the shear stress, the range and distribution of the principal stress, and controls of the upwards factors on the oil/gas migration and accumulation. Through the study on the oil-controlling fault's evolution, sealing mechanism and sealing history, the coupling of two effects of the fault-passage and sealing screen for oil/gas migration can be defined. Using the basic principle of petroleum system analysis, the paper systematically studies the hydrocarbon reservoir-forming mechanism and the time-space matching of the factors that affect the formation of reservoir, such as the space matching of active oil/gas matching of the active period of fault, the migration period of oil/gas and the formation period of trap. Through comprehensive analysis, the favorable exploration targets are selected in selected in the mountain front.

东营凹陷辛镇复杂断块油藏形成机制和剩余油分布规律研究

In this paper, the complex faulted-block oil reservoir of Xinzhen area in Dongying depression is systematically studied from basic conditions forming faulted-block oil and gas reservoir integrating geology, seismic, logging and reservoir engineering information and computer; guided by petroleum geology, geomechanics, structural geology and geophysics and other theories. Based on analysis of background condition such as regional strata, structure and petroleum geology, structural research on geometry, kinemaitcs and dynamics, oil-controlling fault research on the seal features, sealing mechanism and sealing pattern, and research on enrichment rules and controlling factors of complex faulted-block oil reservoir are carried out to give out the formation mechanics of oil reservoir of Xinzhen complex faulted-block oil reservoir. As a result, the reservoir formation pattern is established. At the same time, through dissecting the characteristics and hydrocarbon enrichment law of complex faulted-block oil reservoir, and studying its distribution law of remaining oil after entering extra high water-cut period, a set of technologies are formed to predict complex faulted-block oil reservoir and its remaining oil distribution and to enhance oil recovery (EOR). Based on the time relationship between migration of hydrocarbon and trap formation, accumulating period of Xinzhen oil reservoir is determined. The formation of Xinzhen anticlinal trap was prior to the primary migration. This is favorable to formation of Xinzhen anticlinal hydrocarbon reservoir. Meanwhile, because anticline top caving isn't at the sane time as that of moving or faulted-trap forming inner anticline, oil and gas migrated many times and Xinzhen complex faulted-block oil reservoir formed from ES_3~(upper) to EG. Accumulating law and controlling factors of complex faulted-block reservoir are analyzed from many aspects such as regional structure background controlling hydrocarbon accumulating, plastic arch-open structure controlling oil-bearing series and reservoir types, sealing-opening of fault controlling hydrocarbon distribution and structure pattern controlling enriched trap types. Also, we established the structure pattern in Xinzhen a'ea: the arch-open of underlying strata cause expanding fracture. The main block groups developed here are shovel-like normal fault block group in the north area of Xinzhen and its associated graben block group. Block groups dominate the formation and distribution of reservoirs. We studied qualitatively and quantitatively the sealing characteristics, sealing history and sealing mechanism of faults, too. And, the sealing characteristics are evaluated and the distribution pattern of hydrocarbon controlled by faults is researched. Due to movement intensity of big faults, deep falling of downthrown block, high degree of repture and development of fracture, shallow layers close to the downthrown block of secondary faults are unfavorable to hydrocarbon accumulation. This is confirmed by the exploration practice in Xinzhen anticline. In terms of the downthrown blocks of sencondary contemporaneous faults lied in the south and north area of Xinzhen, hydrocarbon is poor close to fracture belt, while it is relatively abundant in tertiary companion faults. Because of long-term movement of faults that control hydrocarbon, fi'om ES3 to EG, six set of oil-bearing series formed. And their opening causes the inhomogeneity in hydrocarbon abundance among each block--in two flanks of anticline reservoirs are abundant while in the axial area, oil and gas are sporadic. There the sealing characteristics control oil-bearing area of oil/gas accumulation and the height of oil reservoir. Longitudinally, oil and gas are enriched in dip-flat areas in mid-plane of faults. It is established that there are four types of accumulating patterns in complex faulted-block oil reservoirs in Xinzhen. The first is accumulating pattern of lithologic oil reservoirs in E~S_3~(mid-lowwer), that is, self-generating-self-reserving-self-covering lithologic trap pattern. The second is drag-anticline accumulating pattern in Xinzhen. The structure traps are drag anticlines formed by the contemporaneous faults of the second basement in the north of Xinzhen, and the multiple source rocks involve Ek_2, Es_4, Es_3 and Es_1 members. The reservoirs are fluvial-delta sandstones of the upper member of Shahejie formation and Guantao formation, covered by regional thick mudstone of the upper member of Guantao formation and MingHuazhen formation. The third is the accumulating pattern of reverse listric fault, the third-degree fault of Xinzhen anticline limb and the reservoirs form reservoir screened by reverse listric faults. The forth is accumulating pattern of crossing faults which form closing or semi-closing faulted-blocks that accumulate hydrocarbon. The technologies of predicting remaining oil in complex faulted-block reservoir during the mid and late development stage is formed. Remaining oil in simple large faulted-blocks enriches in structural high, structural middle, structural low of thick bottom water reservoirs, points near bent edge-fault oftertiary faults and part the fourth ones with big falling displacement, microstructure high place of oil-sandbodies and areas where local well pattern isn't perfect. While that in small complex faulted-blocks enriches near small nose, small high point, angle of small faults, small oil-bearing faulted-blocks without well and areas with non-perfect well pattern. The technologies of enhancing recovery factor in complex faulted-block reservoir during the mid and late development stage is formed as follows: fine reservoir description, drilling adjust wells, designing directional wells, sub-dividing layer series of development, improving flooding pattern, changing water-injection direction and enhancing swept volume, cyclic waterflooding and gas-injection, etc. Here, directional wells include directional deflecting wells, lateral-drilling wells, lateral-drilling horizontal wells and horizontal wells. The results of this paper have been used in exploration and development of Shengli oilfield, and have achieved great social and economic profit, especially in predicting distribution of complex faulted-block reservoir, remaining oil distribution during middle and late stage of development, and in EOR. Applying the achievement of fault-closure research, new hydrocarbon-bearing blocks are discovered in flanks of Dongying central uplift and in complex blocks with proved reserves 15 million tons. With the study of remaining oil distribution law in complex faulted-block reservoirs, recovery factors are increased greatly in Dongxin, Xianhe and Linpan complex faulted-block reservoirs and accumulated oil production increment is 3 million tons.

三维油藏数值模拟正反演算法研究

The dynamic prediction of complex reservoir development is one of the important research contents of dynamic analysis of oil and gas development. With the increase development of time, the permeabilities and porosities of reservoirs and the permeability of block reservoir at its boundaries are dynamically changing. How to track the dynamic change of permeability and porosity and make certain the permeability of block reservoir at its boundary is an important practical problem. To study developing dynamic prediction of complex reservoir, the key problem of research of dynamic prediction of complex reservoir development is realizing inversion of permeability and porosity. To realize the inversion, first of all, the fast forward and inverse method of 3-dimension reservoir simulation must be studied. Although the inversion has been widely applied to exploration and logging, it has not been applied to3-dimension reservoir simulation. Therefore, the study of fast forward and inverse method of 3-dimension reservoir simulation is a cutting-edge problem, takes on important realistic signification and application value. In this dissertation, 2-dimension and 3-dimension fluid equations in porous media are discretized by finite difference, obtaining finite difference equations to meet the inner boundary conditions by Peaceman's equations, giving successive over relaxation iteration of 3-dimension fluid equations in porous media and the dimensional analysis. Several equation-solving methods are compared in common use, analyzing its convergence and convergence rate. The alternating direction implicit procedure of 2-dimension has been turned into successive over relaxation iteration of alternating direction implicit procedure of 3-dimension fluid equations in porous media, which possesses the virtues of fast computing speed, needing small memory of computer, good adaptability for heterogeneous media and fast convergence rate. The geological model of channel-sandy reservoir has been generated with the help of stochastic simulation technique, whose cross sections of channel-sandy reservoir are parabolic shapes. This method makes the hard data commendably meet, very suit for geological modeling of containing complex boundary surface reservoir. To verify reliability of the method, theoretical solution and numerical solution are compared by simplifying model of 3-dimension fluid equations in porous media, whose results show that the only difference of the two pressure curves is that the numerical solution is lower than theoretical at the wellbore in the same space. It proves that using finite difference to solve fluid equations in porous media is reliable. As numerical examples of 3-dimension heterogeneous reservoir of the single-well and multi-well, the pressure distributions have been computed respectively, which show the pressure distributions there are clearly difference as difference of the permeabilities is greater than one order of magnitude, otherwise there are no clearly difference. As application, the pressure distribution of the channel-sandy reservoir have been computed, which indicates that the space distribution of pressure strongly relies on the direction of permeability, and is sensitive for space distributions of permeability. In this dissertation, the Peaceman's equations have been modified into solving vertical well problem and horizontal well problem simultaneously. In porous media, a 3D layer reservoir in which contain vertical wells and horizontal wells has been calculated with iteration. For channel-sandy reservoir in which there are also vertical wells and horizontal wells, a 3D transient heterogeneous fluid equation has been discretized. As an example, the space distribution of pressure has been calculated with iteration. The results of examples are accord with the fact, which shows the modification of Peaceman's equation is correct. The problem has been solved in the space where there are vertical and horizontal wells. In the dissertation, the nonuniform grid permeability integration equation upscaling method, the nonuniform grid 2D flow rate upscaling method and the nonuniform grid 3D flow rate upscaling method have been studied respectively. In those methods, they enhance computing speed greatly, but the computing speed of 3D flow rate upscaling method is faster than that of 2D flow rate upscaling method, and the precision of 3D flow rate upscaling method is better than that of 2D flow rate upscaling method. The results also show that the solutions of upscaling method are very approximating to that of fine grid blocks. In this paper, 4 methods of fast adaptive nonuniform grid upscaling method of 3D fluid equations in porous media have been put forward, and applied to calculate 3D heterogeneous reservoir and channel-sandy reservoir, whose computing results show that the solutions of nonuniform adaptive upscaling method of 3D heterogeneous fluid equations in porous media are very approximating to that of fine grid blocks in the regions the permeability or porosity being abnormity and very approximating to that of coarsen grid blocks in the other region, however, the computing speed of adaptive upscaling method is 100 times faster than that of fine grid block method. The formula of sensitivity coefficients are derived from initial boundary value problems of fluid equations in porous media by Green's reciprocity principle. The sensitivity coefficients of wellbore pressure to permeability parameters are given by Peaceman's equation and calculated by means of numerical calculation method of 3D transient anisotropic fluid equation in porous media and verified by direct method. The computing results are in excellent agreement with those obtained by the direct method, which shows feasibility of the method. In the dissertation, the calculating examples are also given for 3D reservoir, channel-sandy reservoir and 3D multi-well reservoir, whose numerical results indicate: around the well hole, the value of the sensitivity coefficients of permeability is very large, the value of the sensitivity coefficients of porosity is very large too, but the sensitivity coefficients of porosity is much less than the sensitivity coefficients of permeability, so that the effect of the sensitivity coefficients of permeability for inversion of reservoir parameters is much greater than that of the sensitivity coefficients of porosity. Because computing the sensitivity coefficients needs to call twice the program of reservoir simulation in one iteration, realizing inversion of reservoir parameters must be sustained by the fast forward method. Using the sensitivity coefficients of permeability and porosity, conditioned on observed valley erosion thickness in wells (hard data), the inversion of the permeabilities and porosities in the homogeneous reservoir, homogeneous reservoir only along the certain direction and block reservoir are implemented by Gauss-Newton method or conjugate gradient method respectively. The results of our examples are very approximating to the real data of permeability and porosity, but the convergence rate of conjugate gradient method is much faster than that of Gauss-Newton method.

开发早期油藏动态地质模型与油藏工程优化研究——以埕岛油田馆上段油藏为例

In order to developing reservoir of Upper of Ng at high-speed and high-efficient in Chengdao oilfield which is located in the bally shallow sea, the paper builds up a series of theory and means predicting and descripting reservoir in earlier period of oilfield development. There are some conclusions as follows. 1. It is the first time to form a series of technique of fine geological modeling of the channel-sandy reservoir by means of mainly seismic methods. These technique include the logging restriction seismic inversion, the whole three dimension seismic interpretation, seismic properties analysis and so on which are used to the 3-dimension distributing prediction of sandy body, structure and properties of the channel reservoir by a lot of the seismic information and a small quantity of the drilling and the logging information in the earlier stage of the oil-field development. It is the first time that these methods applied to production and the high-speed development of the shallow sea oilfield. The prediction sandy body was modified by the data of new drilling, the new reservoir prediction thinking of traced inversion is built. The applied effect of the technique was very well, according to approximately 200 wells belonging to 30 well groups in Chengdao oilfield, the drilling succeeded rate of the predicting sandy body reached 100%, the error total thickness only was 8%. 2. The author advanced the thinking and methods of the forecasting residual-oil prediction at the earlier stage of production. Based on well data and seismic data, correlation of sediment units was correlated by cycle-correlation and classification control methods, and the normalization and finely interpretation of the well logging and sedimentation micro-facies were acquired. On the region of poor well, using the logging restriction inversion technique and regarding finished drilling production well as the new restriction condition, the sand body distributing and its property were predicted again and derived 3-dimension pool geologic model including structure, reservoir, fluid, reservoir engineering parameter and producing dynamic etc. According to the reservoir geologic model, the reservoir engineering design was optimized, the tracking simulation of the reservoir numerical simulation was done by means of the dynamic data (pressure, yield and water content) of development well, the production rule and oil-water distributing rule was traced, the distributing of the remaining oil was predicted and controlled. The dynamic reservoir modeling method in metaphase of development was taken out. Based on the new drilling data, the static reservoir geologic model was momentarily modified, the research of the flow units was brought up including identifying flow units, evaluating flow units capability and establishing the fine flow units model; according to the dynamic data of production and well testing data, the dynamic tracing reservoir description was realized through the constant modification of the reservoir geologic model restricted these dynamic data by the theory of well testing and the reservoir numerical simulation. It was built the dynamic tracing reservoir model, which was used to track survey of the remaining oil on earlier period. The reservoir engineering tracking analysis technique on shallow sea oilfield was founded. After renewing the structure history since tertiary in Chengdao area by the balance section technique and estimating the activity character of the Chengbei fault by the sealing fault analysis technique, the meandering stream sediment pattern of the Upper of Ng was founded in which the meandering border was the uppermost reservoir unit. Based on the specialty of the lower rock component maturity and the structure maturity, the author founded 3 kinds of pore structure pattern in the Guanshang member of Chengdao oil-field in which the storing space mainly was primary (genetic) inter-granular pore, little was secondary solution pore and the inter-crystal pore tiny pore, and the type of throat mainly distributed as the slice shape and the contract neck shape. The positive rhythmic was briefly type included the simple positive rhythm, the complex positive rhythm and the compound rhythm. Interbed mainly is mudstone widely, the physical properties and the calcite interbed distribute localized. 5. The author synthetically analyzed the influence action of the micro-heterogeneity, the macro-heterogeneity and the structure heterogeneity to the oilfield water flood development. The efficiency of water flood is well in tiny structure of convex type or even type at top and bottom in which the water breakthrough of oil well is soon at the high part of structure when inject at the low part of structure, and the efficiency of water flood is poor in tiny structure of concave type at top and bottom. The remaining oil was controlled by sedimentary facies; the water flooding efficiency is well in the border or channel bar and is bad in the floodplain or the levee. The separation and inter layer have a little influence to the non-obvious positive rhythm reservoir, in which the remaining oil commonly locate within the 1-3 meter of the lower part of the separation and inter layer with lower water flooding efficiency.

砂砾岩储层流动单元四维模型研究

This article is an important part of "95" technological subject of SINOPEC. It has a large number of difficulties and workloads, and has significant theoretical meanings and practical value. The study area is composed of sandstone & conglomerate reservoir of alluvial fan & fan delta, which belong to Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member of lower tertiary of Yong'an Town Oilfield in Dongying Depression. The target stataum develops in the hanging wall of the synsedimentary fault in the scarp zone of Dongying Depression. The frequently intense movements result in the variation of sandstone and conglomerate reservoir and the evolution of the time and space of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member in Yong'an Town Oilfield. As a result, it is difficult for the individual reservoir correlation at the root of fan, which bring about a tackle problem for the exploitation of oilfield. In this background, the research of fluid units will be more difficult. In this article, the new concepts, the new methods, and the new techniques of sedimentology, petroleum geology, reservoir geology, physics of crystal surface, dynamic & static state reservoir description and well logging geology are synthetically applied, and the computer technology are made full uses of, and the identifying, dividing and appraising of the two-formation-type sandstone & conglomerate reservoir fluid units of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member systemically analyzed in Yong'an Town Oilfield, Dongying Depression. For the first time, the single-well model, the section model, the plane model, the nuclear magnetism log model, the microcosmic network model, the 4-D geology model and the simulation model of the two-formation-type reservoir fluid units of the of sandstone & conglomerate reservoir of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member are established, and the formative mechanism and distributing & enrichment laws of oil-gas of the two type of sandstone and conglomerate reservoir fluid units are revealed. This article established the optimizing, identifying, classifying and appraising standard of the two-formation-type reservoir fluid units of the of sandstone and conglomerate reservoir of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member, which settles the substantial foundations for static state model of the fluid units, reveals the macroscopic & microcosmic various laws of geometrical static state of the fluid units, and instructs the oil exploitation. This article established static state model of the two-formation-type sandstone and conglomerate reservoir fluid units by using the multi-subject theories, information and techniques, and reveals the geometrical configuration, special distribution and the oil-gas enrichment laws of the sandstone and conglomerate reservoir fluid units. For the first time, we established the nuclear magnetism log model of the two-formation-type sandstone and conglomerate reservoir of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member, which reveals not only the character and distributing laws of the porosity and permeability, bat also the formation and distribution of the movable fluid. It established six type of microcosmic net model of the two-formation-type sandstone and conglomerate reservoir of Sha3 lower member and Sha4 upper member in the working area by using the advanced theories, such as rock thin section, SEM, image analysis, intrusive mercury, mold, rock C.T. measure & test image etc., which reveals the microcosmic characteristic of porosity & throat, filterate mode and microcosmic oil-gas enrichment laws of the sandstone and conglomerate reservoir. For the first time, it sets up the 4-D model and mathematic model of the sandstone and conglomerate reservoir, which reveals the distributing and evolving laws of macroscopic & microcosmic parameters of the two-formation-type sandstone and conglomerate reservoir and oil-gas in 4-D space. At the same time, it also forecasts the oil-gas distribution and instructs the oilfield exploitation. It established reservoir simulation model, which reveals the filterate character and distributing laws of oil-gas in different porosity & throat net models. This article established the assistant theories and techniques for researching, describing, indicating and forecasting the sandstone and conglomerate reservoir fluid units, and develops the theories and techniques of the land faces faulted basin exploitation geology. In instructing oilfield exploitation, it had won the notable economic & social benefits.

古潜山油藏非均质三维地质建模

The discovery of the highly productive Renqiu buried hill reservoir in Bohai Bay Basin in 1975 started the high tide of finding buried hill reservoirs in China and their research. As the advance of E&P technologies, the study of buried hill reservoir in China had a qualitative leap. The reservoir description and some other aspects of development have reached or approached to the international leading level. However, some core techniques for reservoir study such as structure & faulting system study, formation prediction and connection study and heterogeneous model's construction could not completely carry out the quantitative or accurate reservoir description, e. g. the areal distribution of porosity, permeability and oil saturation. Especially, the modeling for reservoir simulation is still wandering in the stage of simplicity. The inaccurate understanding of geology could not derive 3D heterogeneous geological model that can reveal the actual underground situation thus could not design practical and feasible oilfield development plan. Therefore, the problems of low oil recovery rate, low recovery factor and poor development effectiveness have not been solved. The poor connection of the reservoir determined that waterflooding could not get good development effect and the production had to depend on the reservoir elastic energy, and this will bring big difficulty for development modification and improvement of oil recovery. This study formed a series of techniques for heterogeneous model research that can be used to construct heterogeneous model consistent with the reservoir geology. Thus the development effectiveness, success ratio of drilling and percent of producing reserves can be enhanced. This study can make the development of buried hill reservoir be of high recovery rate and high effect. The achievements of this study are as follows: 1. Evaluated the resources, summarized the geological characteristics and carried out the reservoir classification of the buried hill reservoirs in Shengli petroliferous area; 2. Established the markers for stratigraphical correlation and formed the correlation method for complex buried hill reservoirs; 3. Analyzed the structural features of the buried hill reservoirs, finished the structure interpretation and study of faulting system using synthetic seismograms, horizontal slices and coherent analysis, and clarified structural development history of the buried hill reservoirs in Shengli petroliferous area; 4. Determined the 3 classes and 7 types of pore space and the main pore space type, the logging response characteristics and the FMI logging identified difference between artificial and natural fractures by the comprehensive usage of core analysis, other lab analyses, conventional logging, FMI logging and CMR logging; 5. Determined the factors controlled the growth of the fractures, vugs and cavities, proposed the main formation prediction method for buried hill reservoir and analyzed their technical principium and applicability, and formed the seismic method and process for buried hill reservoir description; 6. Established the reserve calculation method for buried hill reservoirs, i. e. the reserves of fractures and matrix are calculated separately; the recoverable reserves are calculated by decline method and are classified by the SPE criteria; 7. Studied restraining barriers and the sealing of the faults thus clarified the oil-bearing formations of the buried hill reservoirs, and verified the multiple reservoir forming theory; 8. Formed reasonable procedure of buried hill reservoir study; 9. Formed the 3 D modeling technology for buried hill reservoirs; 10. Studied a number of buried hill blocks on the aspects of reservoir description, reservoir engineering and development plan optimization based on the above research and the profit and social effect are remarkable.

丘陵油田三间房组储层三维地质模型和砂体预测

This paper is belonging to Chinese Petrochemical Corporation's science and technology project. Although it is difficult, it has important theoretical and practical value. The study was aimed to reveal inhomogeneity of two kinds of reservoirs of fan-shaped delta and braided river by using new theories, new methods and new technology about 3-D model building and reservoir knowledge repository throughout the world, and to build reservoir knowledge repository and 3-D geological model which would predict the type of sand body forming reason and distribution rule in order to improve exploration result in Qiuling oil fields. Multi-discipline theories such as petroleum structure geology, reservoir geology, petroleum geology, sequence geology, logging geology, geomathematics and so on are used as guide. The information of geology, seism, logging and production test is combined. Outcrop area and overlap area are combined. By making full use of computer, stable structure, reservoir geometric shape, spatial distribution and inhomogeneity of bed of interest are investigated, described and characterized. Petroleum pool 3-D static geological model of reservoir knowledge repository was built. Sand body distribution was predicted. It has guided oil development, lowed the investment and improved development benefits. Several results are achieved as follows: (1) Strata framework of Sanjianfang group in Qiuling oil field has been established. (2) Geometric shape, spatial distribution and evolve rule of two different forming reason's reservoir of fan-shaped delta and braided river of Sanjianfang group in Qiuling oil field are discussed. (3) The two kinds of reservoirs have lower pore and permeability and very strong inhomogeneity. (4) Reservoir knowledge repository of two different forming reasons has been built of Sanjianfang group, which includes 5 geological knowledge sublibrary. (5) 3-D geological model of two kinds of forming reason's reservoirs has been built. (6) That same sequence instruction a simulation and probability field were used to predict sand body of Sanjianfang group was put forward. Coincidence rate is high after production test. It shows this method has great popularity value. (7) A set of theories, methods and technologies of knowledge repository of two kinds of reservoir of braided river and fan-shaped delta and 3-D geological model building were finished. (8) A set of theories, methods and technologies of investigating, describing, characterizing and predicting two kinds of oil pool were developed. It gets noticeable economic benefit after exploration. Theory and method about extrusion basin are developed.

高含水油藏复合驱剩油分布研究-以羊三木油田馆陶组油藏复合驱为例

Based on the study of the combined flooding test block of Guantao formation in Third faulted block of Yangsanmu oil field, this paper carries out the integration of reservoir precise characterization for very high water cut reservoir, establishes precise 3D geologic model for high water cut development period and states the changing law of the reservoir architecture dtiring development by combined flooding. Then, by subdivided the thick oil reservoir, the study of remaining oil saturation monitoring in fiber glass cased well and tracer monitoring is developed. According the study of multiple constrained combined flooding reservoir numerical simulation, remaining oil distribution are predicted, the methods architecture of predicting remaining oil distribution are established for fluvial facies reservoir at late development stage, develops plan is designed and adjustment associating technologies for enhancing oil recovery. On these base, related measures for tapping the potential are given, it is verified and optimized through the field former test and the good economic effect is achieved . The major achievements of this paper are as follows. The changing law of the reservoir architecture and it's property parameters is revealed, The result indicates that the temperature-pressure of the injecting material and the interaction effect of the injecting material and reservoir petrography are the main factors of the dynamic changes of the reservoir architecture. The quantitative reservoir geologic model, which is tallied with dynamic reservoir parameters of the study area, is established. Subdivided the thick oil reservoir is very important for the study of the remaining oil distribution within the thick oil reservoir. Subdivided the thick oil reservoir technology, which consists of six technologies as follow: micro-cyclic divided, flow unit method, architectural element method, high resolution log technology, high resolution-process technology for normal logging data and using the production data is presented. 3. It is established dynamic monitoring system of remaining oil saturation quantitative research which are inner and interlayer remaining oil saturation from time-lapse logging in fiber glass cased well, inter-well remaining oil saturation from the technology of isotopic tracer monitoring technology, and 4d remaining oil saturation distribution from combined flooding numerical modeling integrated by production datao The forming mechanism of remaining oil for polymer flooding and alkali/polymer combined flooding is clarified, and the plane and vertical distribution law of remaining oil after combined flooding is revealed. Predicting methods and technologies for the combined flooding reservoir of fluvial facies is developed. Combined flooding has been achieved good displacement result in the pilot of Third fault block in Yangsanmu oil field, and accumulated types of important parameters and optimum plans, this technology of combined flooding is expected to increase recovery ratio by 4.77%.

港西油田现代油藏管理研究与实践

Through years of practice, reservoir management has already become the basic mode of foreign oil companies to realize the high-efficient development of the oil field. From the view of reservoir development and technological economy, reservoir management regards the study of the reservoir engineering, designs of reservoir projects and the dynamic analysis of the reservoir's performance as a system. In the fields of reservoir description, the establishment of the geological models and development models, the dynamic simulations of reservoir exploitation and the design of the oil engineering, reservoir management emphasizes the cooperation of the geology and the engineering, the combination of the engineering technology and the economic evaluation. In order to provide the means and basis for the reservoir geology study, reservoir evaluation, reserves calculation, numerical simulation, development plan and risk analysis, it adopts the reservoir management activities(team work) to make and implement the optimized oil field development management strategies so that secientific and democratic decision making can be achieved. Under the planned economic system for a long time, the purpose of Chinese reservoir development has been to fulfill the" mandatory" production task. With the deepening of the reform, the management organization of Chinese petroleum enterprises has been gradually going through the transition and reforms to the operational entity and the establishment of the mode of oil companies under the socialist market economy system. This research aims at introducing the advanced reservoir management technique from foreign countries to further improve the reservoir development results and wholly raise the economic benefits of Chinese mature land facieses sandstone reservoirs in the later stage of the water flooding. We are going to set up a set of modern reservoir management modes according to the reservoir features, current situation and existing problems of GangXi oil field of DaGang oil company. Through the study and implementation of the reservoir description and numerical simulation technology effectively, we plan to work out integrated adjustment projects, to study the related technology of oil recovery; to set up the effective confirmable data procedure and data management system of the reservoir management, to establish the coordinated model and workbench related to geology, engineering and economy in order to realize the real time supervision and evaluation on the process of reservoir development. We hope to stipulate modernization management tools for GangXi oil fields to rationally utilize various kinds of existing technological methods and to realize the economic exploitation and achieve the maximum benefits from the reservoir. The project of the modem reservoir management will be carried out on the GangXi oil field of DaGang oil company for this oil field is typical and has integrated foundamental materials and perfect networks. Besides, it is located in the good geographical position enjoying very convenient traffic. Implementing modern reservoir management will raise the recovery ratio, reduce the production cost and improve the working efficiency. Moreover, the popularization of modern reservoir management will improve the comprehensive benefits of DaGang oil company and even the whole Petro China. Through the reserch of this project, the following technical indicators can be reached: Establishing the concept of modern reservoir management. Establishing a set of integrated data information management system adapt to the features of GangXi reservoir. 3. Forming technical research modes of modern reservoir management suitable for mature reservoirs in the later developing stage. 4. Advancing projects of GangXi reservoir which are maxium optimized in engineering technique and economic benefits of oil exploitation. Besides, this set of technology, research principle and method can guide the mature reservoir of DaGang oil field and even the whole PetroChina to develop the further research of reservoir adjustment and improve the reservoir recovery factor and developing level constantly.