Quality of wood and pulp from a clone of Eucalyptus grandis planted at three locations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da persistência de microrganismos patogênicos em solo cultivado com eucalipto e fertilizado com lodo de esgoto sanitário

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Análise do acabamento superficial e da potência consumida na usinagem de fresamento frontal e cilíndrico tangencial da madeira de eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação técnica e econômica do forwarder na extração de madeira em povoamento de eucalipto de primeiro corte

This study aimed to technically and economically evaluate the Forwarder performance in the first cutting wood extraction from a Eucalyptus grandis plantation. Technical analysis included a movement and timing study by continuous method, and the productivity was determined using the extracted wood volume in cubic meters. Economical analysis included operational costs parameters and wood extraction cost. Results referred to the effective operational performance. Loading and unloading activities responded for more than ¾ of the total time of effective Forwarder operational cycle. Operational costs were influenced by maintenance and repair costs. The estimated cost of extraction was US$ 0.97 per cubic meter.

Avaliação técnica e econômica da colheita de florestas de eucalipto com harvester

The acquisition of machinery used in timber harvesting depends on high financial investment, which implies the need for assessments that allow defining more precisely, what is the machine or the whole more recommended for streamlining the operation. This study aimed to technically and economically evaluating the performance of a harvester in Eucalyptus forest harvest first cut. The technique analysis included a time and movements, productivity, efficiency operational and mechanical availability. The economic analysis included the parameters operational cost, harvesting cost and energy consumption. The results obtained from the technological-economic parameters evidenced that of Diameter at Breast Height directly influenced the productivity of harvester. Consequently the lower costs of forest harvest were obtained for the compartments with wider diameter trees.

Potencial de Invasão de eucalipto pelas sementes produzidas nos plantios comerciais

Over the past few years, the area of planted forests has expanded considerably in Brazil, reaching a level of 6.3 million hectares, which represents approximately 0.7% of the country, mainly with some species of the Eucalyptus genus. However, due to the global concern with biological invasions by exotic species, risk assessment is necessary to evaluate the potential of Eucalyptus species escaping cultivated stands and invading surrounding native ecosystems. Seedlings by natural regeneration from Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla, pure and hybrids between the two species were evaluated, by assessing natural regeneration of Eucalyptus in 18 sites located in Brazilian states with plantation forest tradition (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul and Espírito Santo). Sample plots were installed in the planted stands, along forest roads and in a nearby pasture or native vegetation.,at different distances from the Eucalyptus stands. Regeneration of Eucalyptus was not recorded in 90% of the plots installed outside the eucalipt stands. However, seedlings of eucalypts were observed in 29% of the plots within the commercial stands (mean density of 37 seedlings per hectare) and 40% of the plots located along forest roads (157 seedlings per hectare on average), but no adult plants by natural regeneration were found. The seedlings of eucalypt species studied rarely were found beyond the limits of the cultivated areas. In the planted stands or along forest roads, eucalypts can germinate, but the seedlings apparently do not establish. So the potential for invasion by seeds produced in commercial plantations of Eucalyptus is low.

Comportamento do carbono orgânico e de atributos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de um solo arenoso em área de conversão pastagem - Eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

My life as a clone

Zehar, an extremely popular and dignified man, is a renowned scientist. He has worked extremely hard, and spend two years, on a research to make human cloning.His idea was to produce the creature, simply of its own looking and exactly identical as him. To his satisfaction he had accomplished to make the physical characteristic, simply like his own. Even his experiment on a mentality and emotional aspect of a clone was also a success. But his last and the most vital wish, remained a complete failure. He wanted that the soul of the cloning should also be identical like his own soul, as the physical characteristics. But it was a complete different. The character of the cloning was getting too dangerous and later part he found he has to lose all his sympathy of his own clone, as his clone had became the most dangerous enemy in his life. All his fame and his moral character is being uprooted to the public by his clone. Ultimately he decides to kill it, and clone even takes a motto to kill Zehar, if Zehar decides to kill it, simply because, the clone wants to create his own fame to rule the world. Thus the story, gives an advice, to the world of science, that not to try human clones, in particular.

Prevalence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) clone harboring sfa gene in Brazil

Escherichia coli sfa+ strains isolated from poultry were serotyped and characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Isolates collected from 12 Brazilian poultry farms mostly belonged to serogroup O6, followed by serogroups O2, O8, O21, O46, O78, O88, O106, O111, and O143. Virulence genes associated were: iuc 90%, fim 86% neuS 60%, hly 34%, tsh 28%, crl/csg 26%, iss 26%, pap 18%, and 14% cnf. Strains from the same farmpresented more than one genotypic pattern belonging to different profiles in AFLP. AFLP showed a clonal relation between Escherichia coli sfa+ serogroup O6. The virulence genes found in these strains reveal some similarity with extraintestinal E. coli (ExPEC), thus alerting for potential zoonotic risk.

Produção de mudas clonais de eucalipto em espuma fenólica: crescimento inicial e mortalidade

A produção de mudas é um dos pontos cruciais nos empreendimentos florestais e diversos trabalhos procuraram identificar o método mais adequado de produção. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o uso da espuma fenólica na substituição de recipientes e de substrato na produção de mudas clonais de eucalipto. Foram implantados quatro experimentos, sendo dois de viveiro (experimentos 1 e 2) e dois de campo (experimentos 3 e 4) em locais e períodos distintos. Todos os experimentos foram compostos por quatro tratamentos: 1 - tubete de 55 cm³ + substrato comercial; 2 - espuma pequena (60 cm³); 3 - espuma média (75 cm³); e 4 - espuma grande (90 cm³). Nos experimentos, avaliouse a mortalidade das mudas e a biomassa do sistema radicular e da parte aérea. No experimento 1, as mudas produzidas nas espumas pequenas obtiveram menor índice de mortalidade (1%), enquanto no sistema convencional foi de 15% e observou-se superioridade na produção de biomassa aérea das mudas produzidas na espuma grande. No experimento 2, as mudas produzidas na espuma apresentaram maior sensibilidade ao excesso de água durante a fase de enraizamento, sendo a mortalidade de 40 % para os tratamentos com a utilização da espuma que foi superior ao tratamento convencional (16%). No experimento 3, conduzido no campo, não foi observada mortalidade das mudas ou diferenças na produção de biomassa entre os tratamentos. No experimento 4, observou-se maior resistência ao déficit hídrico nos tratamentos com as espumas média e grande e maior produção de biomassa aérea no tratamento com a espuma grande.

Estimativa do índice de área foliar e temperatura em uma área de eucalipto

It is known that the presence of large masses of vegetation is a factor that can influence the microclimate of a region. In this paper we analyzed the correlation between leaf area index (LAI) and land surface temperature (LST), both estimated from remote sensing images from Landsat-5 TM in an area of eucalyptus plantation, and these estimates were compared to the observed data. The correlation between LAI and LST was not significant (16%), which indicates that there is no necessarily a direct influence of vegetation in the local temperature. The comparison between estimated and observed data shows that the application of remote sensing techniques in the estimative of interested variables is efficient, because the estimatives followed consistently the observed values.