980 resultados para Capital Accumulation. Street Trading. Informality. Precariousness
Resumo:
Poster apresentado no 7º Congresso Nacional da Administração Pública
Resumo:
Comunicação apresentada no curso avançado em gestão da formação, 2010.
Resumo:
Comunicação apresentada no 8º Congresso Nacional de Administração Pública – Desafios e Soluções, em Carcavelos de 21 a 22 de Novembro de 2011.
Resumo:
This paper presents the results of an exploratory study on knowledge management in Portuguese organizations. The study was based on a survey sent to one hundred of the main Portuguese organizations, in order to know their current practices relating knowledge management systems (KMS) usage and intellectual capital (IC) measurement. With this study, we attempted to understand what are the main tools used to support KM processes and activities in the organizations, and what metrics are pointed by organizations to measure their knowledge assets.
Resumo:
apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças sob orientação do Mestre Adalmiro Álvaro Malheiro de Castro Andrade Pereira
Resumo:
The Evidence Accumulation Clustering (EAC) paradigm is a clustering ensemble method which derives a consensus partition from a collection of base clusterings obtained using different algorithms. It collects from the partitions in the ensemble a set of pairwise observations about the co-occurrence of objects in a same cluster and it uses these co-occurrence statistics to derive a similarity matrix, referred to as co-association matrix. The Probabilistic Evidence Accumulation for Clustering Ensembles (PEACE) algorithm is a principled approach for the extraction of a consensus clustering from the observations encoded in the co-association matrix based on a probabilistic model for the co-association matrix parameterized by the unknown assignments of objects to clusters. In this paper we extend the PEACE algorithm by deriving a consensus solution according to a MAP approach with Dirichlet priors defined for the unknown probabilistic cluster assignments. In particular, we study the positive regularization effect of Dirichlet priors on the final consensus solution with both synthetic and real benchmark data.
Resumo:
Comunicação apresentada no 2ª Congresso Nacional de Administração Pública em Lisboa, de 3 a 4 de Novembro de 2004.
Resumo:
Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar os determinantes da estrutura de capital das empresas exportadoras portuguesas, comparando, sempre que possível, os resultados obtidos com outros trabalhos já desenvolvidos sobre o tema. Aplicando o Modelo dos Efeitos Fixos (MEF) a uma amostra de 7.001 empresas no período 2007-2013, concluiu-se que os determinantes com maior significância no nível de endividamento empresarial são: a rendibilidade, a dimensão, o crescimento e ainda os outros benefícos fiscais. Em relação às exportações, verificou-se através da variável dummy “exportar”, que o facto de as empresas terem exportações superiores a 10% das vendas totais, têm uma relação positiva com o endividamento de médio e longo prazo mas negativa com o endividamento de curto prazo. Perante estes resultados admitimos que as empresas exportadoras ao diversificarem (na fase inicial) o seu portfólio de clientes conseguem maiores níveis de cash-flows, o que as dispensa de algum endividamento de curto prazo, mas no médio e longo prazo as necessidades de investimento para fazer face a mercados muito competitivos está associada a um maior nível de endividamento. Relativamente à importância explicativa das variáveis “peso das vendas para o mercado comunitário” e “peso das vendas para o mercado extra comunitário”, curiosamente, apresentam resultados diferentes; o peso das vendas para o mercado extra comunitário não revela relação significativa com o endividamento mas já o peso das vendas para o mercado comunitário tem uma relação positiva com endividamento a curto prazo e negativa com o endividamento de médio e longo prazo.
Resumo:
RESUMO - Nos últimos vinte anos tem-se assistido a uma crescente consciencialização de que os nossos estilos de vida são insustentáveis aos níveis económico, social e ambiental, o que tem repercussões na nossa saúde e bem-estar. Do crescimento populacional à pobreza e inequidade geradas pelo modelo de “crescimento económico” actual, à perda de biodiversidade e disrupção dos ecossistemas naturais, ao desmesurado crescimento urbano, à poluição e acumulação de desperdícios, às alterações climáticas, ao isolamento individual e à diminuição do capital social na sociedade do consumo: a necessidade de desenvolvimento sustentável e gerador de bem-estar nunca foi tão grande e evidente. Ao longo dos últimos anos têm surgido comunidades intencionais que se organizam segundo princípios de sustentabilidade, como um fenómeno de contra-cultura – as Ecoaldeias (Ecovillages). No entanto, os benefícios para a saúde e bem-estar deste tipo de comunidades não são ainda claros, sendo a experiência de investigação nesta área escassa. O estudo aqui proposto visa conhecer, a título exploratório, os níveis de bem-estar subjectivo em comunidades intencionais que vivem segundo princípios de sustentabilidade em Portugal, se estes níveis são melhores que na população em geral, e quais os factores percebidos que o influenciam. Para tal, terá componentes quantitativas e qualitativas e irá basear-se num questionário auto-administrado aos residentes das Ecoaldeias portuguesas, que inclui o Índice de Bem-estar Pessoal - uma escala de medição do Bem-estar subjectivo validada para a população portuguesa. As suas conclusões poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento de abordagens mais elaboradas, capazes de edificar uma infra-estrutura teórica para o sistema de conceitos em foco, tão necessária quer a investigações com maior potencial explicativo, quer a decisões com melhor fundamento. ------------ ABSTRACT - Over the past twenty years there has been a growing awareness that the way we live is unsustainable at the economic, social and environmental level, which has impact in our health and wellbeing. From the population growth to poverty and inequity generated by the current model of economic growth, to biodiversity loss and disruption of natural ecosystems, to disproportionate urban growth, to pollution and waste accumulation, to climate change and the individual isolation social loss capital in the consumption society: the need for a development that is sustainable and generates wellbeing has never been greater and more evident. Over the last years intentional communities who live according to principles of sustainability have emerged, has a phenomenon of counter-culture - the ecovillages. The health and wellbeing benefits of this type of communities are not clear, as the investigation in this area is little. The aim of this exploratory study is to know the levels of subjective wellbeing of such communities, in Portugal, if these levels are different from the general population and what are the main perceived contributing factors. This study will have a qualitative and quantitative component and will be based in the application of a self-administered questionnaire that includes the Subjective Wellbeing Index, a measurement scale of subjective wellbeing, validated for the Portuguese population. Its findings may contribute to the development of more elaborate approaches that allow to build a theoretical framework for the system of concepts focused, needed both for further investigations with more explanatory potential, as for more grounded decision-making, to tackle the challenges of sustainable development.
Resumo:
Este artigo tem por objectivo averiguar se uma redução nos impostos sobre o trabalho, capital e consumo poderão afectar permanentemente o crescimento económico, validando o paradigma do crescimento endógeno ou, se pelo contrário, afectam apenas o nível de output (teoria do crescimento exógeno). Recorrendo às taxas efectivas de impostos sobre as funções económicas estimadas por Martinez-Mongay (2000) e à estimação de modelos dinâmicos de séries temporais, que permitem estudar os efeitos de curto e de longo prazo, os resultados obtidos para 14 Estados-Membros da União Europeia dos 15, no período 1970-2000, sugerem a validação do paradigma de crescimento endógeno. Em particular, a redução dos impostos sobre o trabalho e o capital poderia estimular o crescimento económico de longo prazo.
Resumo:
The current economic crisis has rushed even more the economists’ concerns to identify new directions for the sustainable development of the society. In this context, the human capital is crystallised as the key variable of the creative economy and of the knowledge-based society. As such, we have directed the research underlying this paper to identifying the most eloquent indicators of human capital to meet the demands of the knowledge-based society and sustainable development as well as towards achieving a comprehensive analysis of the human capital in the EU countries, respectively of a comparative analysis: Romania - Portugal. To carry out this paper, the methodology used is based on the interdisciplinary triangulation involving approaches from the perspective of human resource management, economy and economic statistics. The research techniques used consist of the content analysis and investigation of secondary data of international organisations accredited in the field of this research, such as: the United Nation Development Programme - Human Development Reports, World Bank - World Development Reports, International Labour Organisation, Eurostat, European Commission’s Eurobarometer surveys and reports on human capital. The research results emphasise both similarities and differences between the two countries under the comparative analysis and the main directions in which one has to invest for the development of human capital.
Resumo:
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Resumo:
The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is a cornerstone of the European Union's policy to combat climate change and its key tool for reducing industrial greenhouse gas emissions cost-effectively. The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the influence of CO2 opportunity cost on the Spanish wholesale electricity price. Our sample includes all Phase II of the EU ETS and the first year of Phase III implementation, from January 2008 to December 2013. A vector error correction model (VECM) is applied to estimate not only long-run equilibrium relations, but also short-run interactions between the electricity price and the fuel (natural gas and coal) and carbon prices. The four commodities prices are modeled as joint endogenous variables with air temperature and renewable energy as exogenous variables. We found a long-run relationship (cointegration) between electricity price, carbon price, and fuel prices. By estimating the dynamic pass-through of carbon price into electricity price for different periods of our sample, it is possible to observe the weakening of the link between carbon and electricity prices as a result from the collapse on CO2 prices, therefore compromising the efficacy of the system to reach proposed environmental goals. This conclusion is in line with the need to shape new policies within the framework of the EU ETS that prevent excessive low prices for carbon over extended periods of time.
Resumo:
. Residents tend to have high expectations about the benefits of hosting a mega‐event. So, it was not surprising that the nomination of Guimarães, Portugal, as the 2012 European Capital of Culture (2012 ECOC) had raised great expectations in the local community towards its socio‐economic and cultural benefits. The present research was designed to examine the Guimarães residents’ perceptions on the impacts of hosting the 2012 ECOC approached in two different time schedules, the pre‐ and the post‐event, trying to capture the evolution of the residents` evaluation of its impacts. For getting the data, two surveys were applied to Guimarães` residents, one in the pre‐event phase, in 2011, and another in the post‐event phase, in 2013. This approach is uncommonly applied to Portugal data and it is even the first time it was done to a Portuguese European Capital of Culture. After a factor analysis, the results of t‐tests indicate that there were significant differences (p<0.05) between the samples from the pre‐ and post‐2012 ECOC on two positive impact factors (Community’ benefits and Residents’ benefits) and one negative impact factor (Economic, social and environmental costs). Respondents also showed a negative perception of the impacts in all dimensions, except Changes in habits of Guimarães residents.