De generationibus et corruptionibus corporum naturalium

Arkit: 1 arkintunnukseton lehti, A-B4 C3.

Ex philosophia divina

Invocatio: I.N.J.

Nanostructured systems containing an essential oil: protection against volatilization

The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of preparing nanocapsules and nanoemulsions using tea tree oil as oily phase aiming to protect its volatilization. The nanostructures presented nanometric mean size (160-220 nm) with a polydispersity index below 0.25 and negative zeta potential. The pH values were 6.43 ± 0.37 and 5.98 ± 0.00 for nanoemulsions and nanocapsules, respectively. The oil content after preparation was 96%. The inclusion of tea tree oil in nanocapsules showed higher protection against volatilization. The analysis of mean size and polydispersity index of formulations presented no significant alteration during the storage time.

Set-up of a method using LC-UV to assay mometasone furoate in pharmaceutical dosage forms

A reliable method using LC-UV to assay mometasone furoate (MF) in creams or nasal sprays using the same chromatographic conditions was set up. Methanol:water 80:20 (v/v) (1.0 mL min-1) was used as mobile phase. MF was detected at 248 nm and analyzed in a concentration range from 1.0 to 20.0 µg mL-1. The method provided acceptable theoretical plates, peak simmetry, peak tailing factor and peak resolution a short run (5 min). The method showed specificity, good linearity (r = 0.9999) and the quantification limit was 0.379 µg mL-1. Furthermore, the method was precise (RSD < 2.0%), accurate (recovery &gt; 97%) and robust.

Síntese da Epoxone a partir de D-frutose: um experimento didático em laboratório de Química Orgânica com foco nos princípios da Química Verde

In recent years, the introduction of the Green Chemistry concepts in undergraduate chemistry classes has been intensively pursued. In this regard, the two-step preparation of Epoxone (an organocatalyst developed by Shi & col.) from commercial D-fructose, through ketalization of vicinal diols followed by oxidation of a sterically congested secondary alcohol, involves important topics in Organic Chemistry and employs inexpensive and nontoxic reagents. The reactions are easy to perform and the products from both steps are readily obtained as crystalline solids after simple procedures, thus facilitating their chemical characterization.

Reações multicomponentes de Biginelli e de Mannich nas aulas de química orgânica experimental: uma abordagem didática de conceitos da química verde

The introduction of Mannich and Biginelli multicomponent reactions in a practical Organic Chemistry course is presented in this article. Procedures described in the literature were adapted for use under the simple conditions available in undergraduate laboratories and were selected on the basis of Green Chemistry principles and practicality of synthesis. The reactions are easy to carry out and all products are readily isolated as crystalline solids with yields ranging from moderate to high.

Impactos da nanotecnologia na saúde: produção de medicamentos

Several studies have described the benefits of nanoscience and nanotechnology (N&N) in different sectors such as agriculture, energy, environmental preservation, and public health. The rapid evolution of N&N can be shown through a panoramic analysis of scientific papers and patents. In the area of public health, it is estimated that the global market for nanotechnology products will expand to 160 billion U.S. dollars in 2015. The Brazilian government has also strengthened its innovative potential in N&N through economic subsidies, as observed for other countries. This review is focused on the current landscape of N&N in a therapeutic context, highlighting the development of nanotech-products produced with biocompatible and biodegradable materials that are already commercially available or under investigation. Most studies under investigation are focused on the development of nanotechnology-based formulations intended for treatment of cancer, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Although there are several advantages of N&N in healthcare, many challenges have to be conquered to increase the availability of nanotechnology products in toxicological, preclinical and clinical studies, scale-up, regulatory, and private investments.

Jordbrukaren mellan tradition och förnyelse : en studie av syd- och västfinländska jordbrukare i EU-Finland

Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka hur förändringarna i det agrara samhället påverkar den enskilda jordbrukarens livskoncept. Teorin som ligger till grund för förståelsen anknyter till moderniseringen, som framtvingat nya metoder och ett jordbruk med stark förankring i marknaden. Europeiska unionen har för jordbrukarna betytt nya rutiner och tvång att uppfylla bestämda regelverk. Den empiriska analysen berör frågor jordbrukarna tvingas tänka igenom på det personliga planet. Därtill behandlas viktiga strategier som är betydelsefulla för framtiden med dithörande ökad ekonomisk risk. Nyckelbegreppet kallar jag livskoncept. Livskonceptet består av känslan av sammanhang enligt Aaron Antonovskys defi nition, i förening med livspolitiken så som Anthony Giddens beskriver den. Livskonceptet är en kombination av meningsfullhet, begriplighet och hanterbarhet, jämte livskontroll, självbestämmande, förtroende, emancipation och identitet. Dessa är element som jordbrukaren tvingas leva med i beslutsprocessen och som utgör grund för livskvalitet. Avhandling är baserad på intervjuer med 46 jordbrukare i olika ålder från Österbotten, Åboland och Nyland. Jordbrukarna i undersökningen var noga utvalda och representerar jordbrukets olika inriktningar. Under intervjuerna behandlades olika teman, som förutom rena jordbruksproblem också tangerade sociala angelägenheter som ensamhet, stress och jämbördighet med andra yrkesgrupper. Därtill återspeglas jordbrukets situation i andra länder genom diskussioner som förts med olika utländska experter och jordbrukare. Känslan av identitet och stolthet var stark hos samtliga intervjuade. Jordbrukare i åldern 39–52 år visade sig ha det starkaste livskonceptet och de äldre i intervallet 53–69 år det svagaste ett resultat av den snabba förändringen i det agrara samhället. De yngsta under 38 år håller fortfarande på att söka sin plats och att besluta om i vilken riktning de önskar utvidga sin verksamhet och har därför inte hunnit utforma sitt livskoncept. Ett genomgående pro b lem är att man inte känner sig jämställd med andra yrkesgrupper. De centrala begreppen är: det agrara samhället, modernisering, globalisering, jordbrukartyp, risker, expertsystem och livskoncept.

Prevalência de sintomas depressivos entre estudantes de medicina da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

INTRODUÇÃO: A formação médica expõe o estudante de Medicina a experiências de estresse, tornando-o potencialmente vulnerável a distúrbios emocionais. OBJETIVO: Conhecer a prevalência de sintomas depressivos entre os estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. MÉTODO: Os sintomas depressivos foram rastreados por meio do Inventário de Beck (IDB), aplicado a 81% dos estudantes matriculados no primeiro semestre de 2004. Os pontos de corte para ausência de sintomas depressivos, sintomas leves, moderados e graves foram, respectivamente, 0-3, 4-7, 8-15 e 16 ou mais. Levantaram-se dados demográficos por meio de questionário. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 400 acadêmicos avaliados, houve predomínio de jovens, do sexo feminino, solteiros, procedentes de Uberlândia e que moram com os pais. A prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 79%, sendo 29% com grau leve; 31% moderado e 19,25% grave. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados indicam uma proporção de sintomas depressivos superior à encontrada na literatura referente a estudantes de Medicina. As excessivas cargas horárias e a ansiedade progressiva com a finalização do curso merecem maior atenção no processo de mudança curricular.

Factors associated with depressive symptoms in a sample of Brazilian medical students

OBJECTIVES: 1 - Verify the prevalence of depressive symptoms in first to fourth-year medical students using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). 2 - Establish correlations between target factors and higher or lower BDI scores. 3 - Investigate the relationship between the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the demand for psychological care offered by the Centro Universitário Lusíada. METHOD: Cross-sectional study of 290 first to fourth-year medical students; implementation of the BDI, socio-demographic survey, and evaluation of satisfaction with progress. RESULTS: The study sample was 59% female and 41% male. Mean BDI was 6.3 (SD 5.8). Overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 23.1%. The following associations were statistically significant (p<0.05): among students for whom the course failed to meet original expectations, who were dissatisfied with the course, or who came from the interior of the State (20.5%, 12.5%, and 24.4% of the total sample, respectively), for 40%, 36.1% and 36.4%, respectively, the BDI was consistent with some degree of depression. CONCLUSION: The study showed that there is higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in medical students than in the general population

Beckin neljä uutta kirjaa

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Processo de interação ensino, serviço e comunidade: a experiência de um PET-Saúde

Este relato apresenta a experiência de um grupo PET-Saúde da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (Uefs), na Bahia, Brasil, em Unidades de Saúde, em uma perspectiva crítico-reflexiva da interação ensino-serviço-comunidade. Participaram do projeto acadêmicos dos cursos de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Educação Física, Enfermagem, Medicina e Odontologia. A avaliação do processo incluiu reuniões de acompanhamento, bem como o uso do portfólio. A experiência dos diferentes atores no grupo caracterizou-se como uma vivência inovadora, desafiadora e complexa, uma vez que exigiu articulação entre instituição de ensino, serviços de saúde, profissionais e comunidade.