Modelos matemáticos e computacionais em dengue

This work was developed starting the study of traditionals mathematical models that describe the epidemiology of infectious díseases by direct or indirect transmission. We did the classical approach of equilibrium solutions search, its analysis of stability analytically and by numerical solutions. After, we applied these techniques in a compartimental model of Dengue transmission that consider the mosquito population (susceptible vector Vs and 'infected vector VI), human population (suseeptíble humans S, infected humans I and recovered humans R) and just one sorotype floating in this population. We found the equilibrium solutions and from their analises, it was possible find the reprodution rate of dísease and which define if the disease will be endemic or not in the population.- ext, we used the method described a..~, [1] to study the infíuence of seasonalíty at vírus transmission, when it just acts on one of rates related with the vector. Lastly, we made de modeling considering the periodicity of alI rates, thereby building, a modeI with temporal dependence that permits to study periodicity of transmission through of the approach of parametrical ressonance and genetic algorithm

Pesquisa de genomas virais em primatas não humanos do novo mundo por metagenômica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Conhecimento de diferentes populações sobre as leishmanioses

As leishmanioses são enfermidades infecciosas que costumam afetar populações de países de clima tropical e subtropical, em sua maioria subdesenvolvidos, uma vez que seus principais vetores necessitam de condições ambientais e climáticas adequadas facilmente encontradas nessas regiões, para se proliferar. Há diferentes formas clínicas que se caracterizam por sua evolução crônica, sendo a forma visceral (LV) uma das mais graves. Neste caso, a disseminação é relativamente rápida uma vez que existe também a abundância de um dos seus principais reservatórios domésticos, o cão, que vive bem próximo ao homem, o qual é também acometido por esta zoonose. Dessa maneira é preciso que as populações, principalmente aquelas localizadas em áreas endêmicas, saibam identificar os pontos principais dessa doença como a transmissão, sinais clínicos e prevenção. Por esse motivo, essa revisão sistemática objetivou procurar saber qual o conhecimento de diferentes populações sobre as leishmanioses. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: (knowledge) AND (population) AND (leishmaniasis), através de um levantamento bibliográfico em três bases de dados, LILACS, SCIELO e PUBMED. Foi possível concluir, através da análise de sete artigos, que o conhecimento das leishmanioses ainda se encontra muito superficial dentro das populações e que a principal fonte de informação ainda é a informal, de pessoa a pessoa

Feliz para sempre? Uma análise dos efeitos do uso a longo prazo de antidepressivos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Primary bilateral guttural pouch empyema in a two-month-old foal

The present report describes a 2-month-old foal which signs of respiratory infectious disease, bilateral retropharyngeal swelling and nasal mucopurulent discharge, suggesting guttural pouch empyema. The owners reported that the foal lived in a herd that experienced an outbreak of strangles. Foals younger than 3 months are usually protected against infectious diseases, however in this case, the foal was exposed to an environment heavily populated by Streptococcus equi equi during the outbreak of strangles. Although uncommon in such young animals, the foal was infected and developed a primary bilateral guttural pouch empyema, without signs of lymph nodes alteration

Desenvolvimento e aplicação do Elisa indireto com a nucleoproteína recombinante (NPR) do vírus da doença de Newcastle

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Análise proteômica do plasma sanguíneo e crioprecipitado de búfalos Bubalus Bubalis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo neuroanatômico do éncefalo bovino por ressonância magnética

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Importância das alterações cromossômicas na etiologia da infertilidade

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Malaria and Vascular Endothelium

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Speech-language therapy for treatment of dysphagia and dysphonia in systemic granulomatous diseases: granulomatous diseases: dysphagia and dysphonia treatments

The granulomatous lesions are frequently founded in infectious diseases and can involve the larynx and pharynx and can cause varying degrees of dysphonia and dysphagia. There is still no systematic review that analyzes effectiveness of speech therapy in systemic granulomatous diseases. Research strategy: A systematic review was performed according to Cochrane guideline considering the inclusion of RCTs and quasi-RCTs about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy to treat dysphagia and dysphonia symptoms in systemic granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. Selection criteria: The outcome planned to be measured in this review were: swallowing impairment, frequency of chest infections and voice and swallowing symptoms. Data analysis: We identified 1,140 citations from all electronic databases. After an initial shift we only selected 9 titles to be retrieved in full-text. After full reading, there was no RCT found in this review and therefore, we only described the existing 2 case series studies. Results: There were no randomized controlled trials found in the literature. Therefore, two studies were selected to be included only for narratively analysis as they were case series. Conclusion: There is no evidence from high quality studies about the effectiveness of speech-language therapy in patients with granulomatous diseases of the larynx and pharynx. The investigators could rely in the outcomes suggested in this review to design their own clinical trials.

Microbiota fúngica de passeriformes de cativeiros da Região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo

Birds are hosts for a rich fungal microbiota which can act as potent pathogens for humans and other species of animals, causing thereby serious public health problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the participation of birds kept in containers in the epidemiology of infectious diseases such as cryptococcosis and aspergillosis, thus verifying the maintenance and spread of pathogens in the environment. 36 samples of excretas of passeriformes were collected and were cultivated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar 4% at room temperature and 37°C. The isolated fungal colonies were classified according to their morphological and staining characteristics. Subsequently, those in yeast form were peaked in Niger Agar, incubated at 30°C. In one sample showed growth of more than one type of colony and there was verified the presence of 25.0% of Penicillium spp., 19.4% of Trichosporon spp., 13.9% of C. gattii, 11.1% of C. neoformans, 11.1% of Candida spp., 8.3% of Rhizomucor spp., 8.3% of Aspergillus spp., 2.8% of Nigrospora spp. and 2,8% of Geotrichum spp. It can be conluded by the expost that birds shed continuously pathogenic microorganisms in their feces acting in definitive form in the infectious diseases ecoepidemiology.

Detecção de microrganismos de infecções bucais: perspectivas e cuidados a serem seguidos

The diagnosis of head and neck infections constitutes relevant step in their treatment. However, in spite of the fact that most of diseases in head and neck region are infectious in nature, several reasons collaborated for dentists do not ask laboratory tests in order to help clinical diagnosis. By mean of this review literature, based on research articles about the newest and most reliable methods of diagnosis for clinical laboratories, the authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each selected method and the relevant aspects in transportation of the specimens to the laboratory. Saliva, biofilm, pus, and blood are the most frequent specimens for microbial diagnosis, being that the most used methods are culture and those based on detection of deoxyribonucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction method. Whereas, the culture depends on cellular viability, and has reduced sensitivity, as well as needs favorable conditions in the sample collection and transportation, PCR shows high sensitivity and specificity, but it does not allow the determination of antibiogram, what reduces its usefulness. In addition, few laboratories possess conditions to perform cultivation of obligate anaerobes or have experience in the molecular detection of these microorganisms.

Condições de saúde de pacientes do gênero feminino com dependência química

This study evaluated the general and oral health conditions of female patients included in a program for recovering drug addiction and patients who did not use drugs. By means of anamnesis and medical history, as well as medical and dental assessments, the health conditions of 160 patients were assessed; 80 presented drug dependence and 80 do not use drugs. The most frequently used drugs were tobacco, alcohol, and crack, usually in associations. The patients presenting chemical dependence had increased frequency of behavioral changes, as well as several diseases involving the immune and cardiovascular systems, detaching infectious and inflammatory reactions and delay in the process of tissue repair. In the oral cavity, it was verified a high occurrence of periodontitis and gingivitis. Chemical dependence showed to be associated to a high frequency of infections, arthritis, hypertension and behavioral changes, which normally would not be noted by health professionals, but that could compromise the results of medical and dental treatments.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans em pacientes com síndrome de down: influência da condição periodontal e higiene bucal

Patients with Down syndrome have varying degrees of mental retardation, physical and motor, and apparently are more susceptible to infectious diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and subgingival biofilms and above of children and adolescents with Down syndrome and analyze the influence of diet, socioeconomic and cultural factors and periodontal condition. After assessing the socio-economic and behavioral, were collected clinical specimens, which were transported to the laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology FOA-UNESP for detection of microorganisms by molecular method and periodontal conditions were evaluated according to the Periodontal Screening Index and Recording. The control group consisted of individuals without the syndrome. The results were analyzed by chi-square test for proportion analysis of variables with three or more categories, or the Mann-Whitney test. The data analysis of this study showed that the occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans ranged from 0.0% to 25.0%, both in the group of patients with Down syndrome, as for the control group and this was not affected by socioeconomic characteristics of the target population, either by oral hygiene standards