Programming Principles: Loops and Arrays

In this session we look at the different types of loop in the Java language, and see how they can be used to iterate over Arrays.

COMP1004 Programming Principles

These are the resources used for the Computer Science course Programming Principles, designed to teach students the fundamentals of computer programming and object orientation via learning the Java language. We also touch on some software engineering basics, such as patterns, software design and testing. The course assumes no previous knowledge of programming, but there is a fairly steep learning curve, and students are encouraged to practice, practice, practice!

Modelado de procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje reutilizables con XML, UML e IMS-LD.

El artículo está incluido en un número monográfico especial con los trabajos del I Simposio Pluridisciplinar sobre Diseño, Evaluación y Descripción de Contenidos Educativos Reutilizables (Guadalajara, Octubre 2004).Resumen tomado de la publicación

A transformational language for mutant description

Mutation testing has been used to assess the quality of test case suites by analyzing the ability in distinguishing the artifact under testing from a set of alternative artifacts, the so-called mutants. The mutants are generated from the artifact under testing by applying a set of mutant operators, which produce artifacts with simple syntactical differences. The mutant operators are usually based on typical errors that occur during the software development and can be related to a fault model. In this paper, we propose a language-named MuDeL (MUtant DEfinition Language)-for the definition of mutant operators, aiming not only at automating the mutant generation, but also at providing precision and formality to the operator definition. The proposed language is based on concepts from transformational and logical programming paradigms, as well as from context-free grammar theory. Denotational semantics formal framework is employed to define the semantics of the MuDeL language. We also describe a system-named mudelgen-developed to support the use of this language. An executable representation of the denotational semantics of the language is used to check the correctness of the implementation of mudelgen. At the very end, a mutant generator module is produced, which can be incorporated into a specific mutant tool/environment. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Using adaptive automata in a multi-paradigm programming environment

In this paper the architecture of an experimental multiparadigmatic programming environment is sketched, showing how its parts combine together with application modules in order to perform the integration of program modules written in different programming languages and paradigms. Adaptive automata are special self-modifying formal state machines used as a design and implementation tool in the representation of complex systems. Adaptive automata have been proven to have the same formal power as Turing Machines. Therefore, at least in theory, arbitrarily complex systems may be modeled with adaptive automata. The present work briefly introduces such formal tool and presents case studies showing how to use them in two very different situations: the first one, in the name management module of a multi-paradigmatic and multi-language programming environment, and the second one, in an application program implementing an adaptive automaton that accepts a context-sensitive language.

Uma abordagem Bottom-UP para a integração semântica de esquemas XML

XML (eXtensibile Markup Language) é um padrão atual para representação e intercâmbio dos semi-estruturados na Web. Dados semi-estruturados são dados não convencionais cujas instâncias de uma mesma fonte de dados podem ter representações altamente heterogêneas. Em função isto, um esquema para estes dados tende a ser extenso para suportar todas as alternativas de representação que um dado pode assumir. Parte do grande volume de dados disponível hoje na Web é composto por fontes de dados heterogêneas XML sobre diversos domínios do conhecimento. Para realizar o acesso a estas fontes, aplicações na Web necessitam de um mecanismo de integração de dados. O objetivo principal deste mecanismo é disponibilizar um esquema de dados global representativo dos diversos esquemas XML das fontes de dados. Com base neste esquema global, consultas são formuladas, traduzidas para consultas sobre os esquemas XML, executadas nas fontes de dados e os resultados retornados à aplicação. Esta tese apresenta uma abordagem para a integração semântica de esquemas XML relativos a um domínio de aplicação chamada BInXS. BInXS adota um processo bottom-up de integração, no qual o esquema global é definido para um conjunto de esquemas XML representadas atrtavés de DTDs (Document Type Definitions). A vantagem do processo bottom-up é que todas as informações dos esquemas XML são consideradas no esquema global. Desta forma, toda a informação presente nas fontes de dados pode ser consultada. O processo de integração de BInXS é baseado em um conjunto de regras e algoritmos que realizam a cnversão de cada DTD para um esquema canônico conceitual e a posterior integração semântica propriamente dita destes esquemas canônicos. O processo é semi-automático pois considera uma eventual intervenção de um usuário especialista no domínio para validar ou confirmar alternativas de resultado produzidas automaticamente. Comparada com trabalhos relacionados, BInXS apresenta as seguintes contribuições: (i) uma representação canônica conceitual para esquemas XML que é o resultado de uma anállise detalhada do modelo XML; (ii) um étodo de unificação que lida com as particularidades da integração de dados semi-estruturados e; (iii) uma estratégia de mapeamento baseada em expressões de consulta XPath que possibilita uma tradução simples de consultas globais para consultas a serem executadas nas fontes de dados XML.

Desenvolvimento de um esquema XML para banco de dados sobre ovinos

Este trabalho utilizou tecnologias tais como XML (eXtensible Markup Language) e esquemas XML, com objetivo de aprimorar a ovinocultura tornando o setor primário mais competitivo. Foram elaborados arquivos XML com a mesma estrutura (equivalentes) dos arquivos primitivos da Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Ovinos ( A.R.C.O. ), para que os mesmos possam ser disponibilizados na Internet. Para obter a integridade destes dados na Internet criou-se os esquemas XML, que são arquivos contendo as regras de formação dos dados. Os arquivos XML ficarão protegidos contra dados indesejáveis e disponíveis ao produtor rural via Internet.

From XML to relational view updates: applying old solutions to solve a new problem

XML has become an important medium for data exchange, and is frequently used as an interface to - i.e. a view of - a relational database. Although lots of work have been done on querying relational databases through XML views, the problem of updating relational databases through XML views has not received much attention. In this work, we give the rst steps towards solving this problem. Using query trees to capture the notions of selection, projection, nesting, grouping, and heterogeneous sets found throughout most XML query languages, we show how XML views expressed using query trees can be mapped to a set of corresponding relational views. Thus, we transform the problem of updating relational databases through XML views into a classical problem of updating relational databases through relational views. We then show how updates on the XML view are mapped to updates on the corresponding relational views. Existing work on updating relational views can then be leveraged to determine whether or not the relational views are updatable with respect to the relational updates, and if so, to translate the updates to the underlying relational database. Since query trees are a formal characterization of view de nition queries, they are not well suited for end-users. We then investigate how a subset of XQuery can be used as a top level language, and show how query trees can be used as an intermediate representation of view de nitions expressed in this subset.

JCML: A specification language for the runtime verification of Java Card programs

COSTA, Umberto Souza; MOREIRA, Anamaria Martins; MUSICANTE, Matin A.; SOUZA NETO, Plácido A. JCML: A specification language for the runtime verification of Java Card programs. Science of Computer Programming. [S.l]: [s.n], 2010.

Ambiente computacional paradesenvolvimento de aplicações de controladores lógicos programáveis baseado em linguagens SFC e ST

This work proposes an environment for programming programmable logic controllers applied to oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting. The environment will have an editor based in the diagram of sequential functions for programming of PLCs. This language was chosen due to the fact of being high-level and accepted by the international standard IEC 61131-3. The use of these control programs in real PLC will be possible with the use of an intermediate level of language based on XML specification PLCopen T6 XML. For the testing and validation of the control programs, an area should be available for viewing variables obtained through communication with a real PLC. Thus, the main contribution of this work is to develop a computational environment that allows: modeling, testing and validating the controls represented in SFC and applied in oil wells with BCP type method of artificially lifting

JCML - Java Card Modeling Language: Definição e Implementação

Formal methods should be used to specify and verify on-card software in Java Card applications. Furthermore, Java Card programming style requires runtime verification of all input conditions for all on-card methods, where the main goal is to preserve the data in the card. Design by contract, and in particular, the JML language, are an option for this kind of development and verification, as runtime verification is part of the Design by contract method implemented by JML. However, JML and its currently available tools for runtime verification were not designed with Java Card limitations in mind and are not Java Card compliant. In this thesis, we analyze how much of this situation is really intrinsic of Java Card limitations and how much is just a matter of a complete re-design of JML and its tools. We propose the requirements for a new language which is Java Card compliant and indicate the lines on which a compiler for this language should be built. JCML strips from JML non-Java Card aspects such as concurrency and unsupported types. This would not be enough, however, without a great effort in optimization of the verification code generated by its compiler, as this verification code must run on the card. The JCML compiler, although being much more restricted than the one for JML, is able to generate Java Card compliant verification code for some lightweight specifications. As conclusion, we present a Java Card compliant variant of JML, JCML (Java Card Modeling Language), with a preliminary version of its compiler

Agraphs: definição, implementação e suas ferramentas

Programs manipulate information. However, information is abstract in nature and needs to be represented, usually by data structures, making it possible to be manipulated. This work presents the AGraphs, a representation and exchange format of the data that uses typed directed graphs with a simulation of hyperedges and hierarchical graphs. Associated to the AGraphs format there is a manipulation library with a simple programming interface, tailored to the language being represented. The AGraphs format in ad-hoc manner was used as representation format in tools developed at UFRN, and, to make it more usable in other tools, an accurate description and the development of support tools was necessary. These accurate description and tools have been developed and are described in this work. This work compares the AGraphs format with other representation and exchange formats (e.g ATerms, GDL, GraphML, GraX, GXL and XML). The main objective this comparison is to capture important characteristics and where the AGraphs concepts can still evolve

Conversão de registros em XML para MARC 21: um modelo baseado em folhas de estilo XSLT

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Short-term expansion planning of radial electrical distribution systems using mixed-integer linear programming

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)