Die fürstliche Bau-Lust des Herzogs Heinrich von Sachsen-Römhild

Die 1700 erschienene Fürstliche Bau-Lust des Herzogs Heinrich von Sachsen-Römhild (1650-1710) dokumentiert in Wort und Bild systematisch die von 1692 bis 1698 in der Residenz und ihrem näheren Umfeld errichteten Festarchitekturen und Lustbauten des Herzogs. Es ist bislang das einzig bekannt gewordene Werk seiner Art, da es sowohl auf Veranlassung des Bauherrn erschien, der zudem als Autor fungiert, als auch ausschließlich die ephemere Architektur und nicht auf das Fest selbst fokussiert. Die Bandbreite der Festbauten reicht von floralen Raumausstattungen bis hin zu mehrere Gebäude umfassenden eigenständigen architektonischen Komplexen. Architektur und Ausstattung werden ausführlich beschrieben und in Kupferstichen gezeigt. Dabei wird klar, inwiefern Festarchitekturen formal von Festanlässen abhängig sind. Ebenfalls wird deutlich, dass nicht die Architektur selbst, sondern ihre Ausstattung entscheidend für eine spezifische Aussage ist. Die einzelnen Elemente werden dabei je nach Anlass abgewandelt und immer wieder aufs Neue verwendet.

Environmental change within the Balkan region during the past ca. 50 ka recorded in the sediments from lakes Prespa and Ohrid

Abstract. Lakes Prespa and Ohrid, in the Balkan region, are considered to be amongst the oldest lakes in Europe. Both lakes are hydraulically connected via karst aquifers. From Lake Ohrid, several sediment cores up to 15m long have been studied over the last few years. Here, we document the first long sediment record from nearby Lake Prespa to clarify the influence of Lake Prespa on Lake Ohrid and the environmental history of the region. Radiocarbon dating and dated tephra layers provide robust age control and indicate that the 10.5m long sediment record from Lake Prespa reaches back to 48 ka. Glacial sedimentation is characterized by low organic matter content and absence of carbonates in the sediments, which indicate oligotrophic conditions in both lakes. Holocene sedimentation is characterized by particularly high carbonate content in Lake Ohrid and by particularly high organic matter content in Lake Prespa, which indicates a shift towards more mesotrophic conditions in the latter. Long-term environmental change and short-term events, such as related to the Heinrich events during the Pleistocene or the 8.2 ka cooling event during the Holocene, are well recorded in both lakes, but are only evident in certain proxies. The comparison of the sediment cores from both lakes indicates that environmental change affects particularly the trophic state of Lake Prespa due to its lower volume and water depth.

Catastrophic Ice Shelf Breakup as the Source of Heinrich Event Icebergs

Heinrich layers of the glacial North Atlantic record abrupt widespread iceberg rafting of detrital carbonate and other lithic material at the extreme-cold culminations of Bond climate cycles. Both internal (glaciologic) and external ( climate) forcings have been proposed. Here we suggest an explanation for the iceberg release that encompasses external climate forcing on the basis of a new glaciological process recently witnessed along the Antarctic Peninsula: rapid disintegrations of fringing ice shelves induced by climate-controlled meltwater infilling of surface crevasses. We postulate that peripheral ice shelves, formed along the eastern Canadian seaboard during extreme cold conditions, would be vulnerable to sudden climate-driven disintegration during any climate amelioration. Ice shelf disintegration then would be the source of Heinrich event icebergs.