Territorial behaviour and dominance hierarchy of Anthracothorax nigricollis Vieillot 1817 (Aves: Trochilidae) on food resources

Dominant species are those which delimit and defend territories from other individuals of the same or different species. Subordinate species are those which, furtive and sneakily, use sources of nectar from other individuals. This study aimed to describe the aggressive interactions between species of hummingbirds, define which species are dominant and which are subordinate, investigate if the sharing of resources occurs during the visits, and compare the behaviour of the dominant species in different strata (tree, arbustive and herbaceous). The species observed interacting with Anthracothorax nigricollis Vieillot 1817 were Phaethornis pretrei Lesson and Delattrer 1839, Thalurania furcata Gmelin 1788, and Polytmus guainumbi Pallas 1764. Nine behavioural acts grouped into four categories were identified and described. The dominant species is A. nigricollis (with 0.9 of the attacks), followed by T. furcata (with 0.07) and P. pretrei (with 0.03). The resource sharing was seen only in the shrub layer, in C. surinamensis, in which there was intraspecific and interspecific sharing. A. nigricollis showed higher interspecific toleration, T. furcata (0.27) and P. pretrei (0.55) than intraspecific A. nigricollis (0.18). The frequency of occurrence of behaviours expressed by A. nigricollis in the three vegetation strata differed significantly.

Morfologia e crescimento do músculo estriado esquelético no pirarucu Arapaima gigas Cuvier, 1817 (Teleostei, Arapaimidae)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the morphological, growth characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue III Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) using alevins (50 days old) and juveniles (1 year old). Muscle samples were collected from dorsal, lateral cranial mid lateral caudal regions, and then frozen in liquid nitrogen. Histological frozen sections (10 [mu]m) were stained with HE and Gomori Trichrome for morphological analysis, and NADH-TR to evaluate muscle fiber oxidative metabolism. Morphometric analysis samples were obtained from dorsal and lateral cranial regions, and the smallest-diameter white fibers were measured. White dorsal muscle was thicker, and two muscle fiber compartments were identified in the lateral cranial region: red (superficial) mid white (deep) muscle. Hyperplasia muscle growth predominated in alevins mid hypertrophy in juveniles.

A case study of the 9 August 1988 South Atlantic storm: Numerical simulations of the wave activity

During 9-11 August 1988, a cyclone developed over Uruguay in the lee of the Andes Mountains and moved over the South Atlantic Ocean, where it redeveloped into an intense storm. This storm was responsible for unusual wave activity along the Brazilian shoreline from 22° to 32°S. The Brazilian news media reported the loss of at least one life, waves of 3 m and higher, and the disappearance of a drainage pipe, which weighed 8000 kg, off the shores of Rio de Janeiro. In this paper, the evolution of this intense storm and the associated ocean wave response is studied through European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analyses, a hydrostatic limited-area meteorological model, and a second-generation prognostic wave model. The atmospheric model results indicated the presence of a long-lived and large fetch with surface wind velocities higher than 12 m s -1 directed toward the coast. Some areas with velocities of 20 m s -1 were embedded in the fetch. The wave model forced by this wind field was able to simulate waves with a significant height of 8 m far from the coast and about 4 m in regions very close to the Brazilian coast in agreement with the occurrence reported at Rio de Janeiro. The swell propagation toward the coast of Rio de Janeiro was obstructed by a northeastward 10-m wind during the first 24-h period of the model's integration. During the second 24-h period, the fetch was still large and strong, but the obstacle was removed by a counterclockwise rotation of wind direction favoring the swell and windsea propagation toward the Rio de Janeiro coast.

Comportamento de forrageamento do pernilongo-de-costas-brancas, Himantopus melanurus (Vieillot, 1817) (Aves: Recurvirostridae) em Santa Gertrudes, SP, Brasil

The foraging behavior of two White-backed stilts (Himantopus melanurus) was studied in a lake at the municipality of Santa Gertrudes, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The foraging strategies observed were classified in two categories: pluging (65.8% of total maneuvers) and pecking (34.3%). Only in 26.8% of the foraging maneuvers the individuals captured preys (72.9% by plunging and 27.1% by pecking). When comparing both strategies, plunging was successful 29.7% of the times, but pecking only 21.2%. At the study site, individuals foraged only up to 20 m away from the lake margin. The foraging area exploited by the White-backed stilts was estimated in about 720 m 2. Foraging activities lasted since before sunrise until after sunset. © 2006 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - UFMG.

Osteologia craniana de Micrastur semitorquatus Vieillot, 1817 (Falconiformes: Falconidae)

Micrastur semitorquatus, popularly known as Collared Forest-Falcon is an inhabitant of the rainforests of the Neotropical Region. Studies on the cranial osteology are scarce in the literature. To increase the knowledge about the anatomy of this species its cranial osteology was described and compared with other species of birds of prey. Three specimens of M. semitorquatus were examined at the Bird Division of the osteological collection at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, DC (USNM: 245788, USNM 013493 and USNM 289773). Although the relationship between the form of a structure and its function is not fully established, many of the adaptations of the skull of M. semitorquatus may be related to this lifestyle and behavior, such as narrowing of the interorbital width, the robustness of pila supranasalis coupled with the prokinesis of the skull, a process developed post-orbital, and palatine expansion. In addition, the cranial osteology of M. semitorquatus can provide useful characters for cladistic analysis, sustaining the hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships with other species of the same genus or the same family.

Estimación de la mortalidad adulta en seis parroquias del valle central de Costa Rica (1888-1910) a partir de la información sobre orfandad

Incluye Bibliografía

Histochemical study of the hepatopancreas in adult females of the pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis Latreille, 1817

This study provides histochemical data of the hepatopancreatic cells of adult female pink-shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis) at two different developmental stages (those with developed gonads and those with exhausted gonads). The F. brasiliensis females were collected in seawater off the Guarapari coast, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Five cell types were identified in this digestive gland: B (vesicular), E (embryonic), F (fibrillar), M (basal) and R (resorptive). The digestive gland was stained with the following techniques: PAS/Alcian blue (for polysaccharides), bromophenol blue (for protein), von Kossa (for bound calcium) and Baker (for lipids). Acid glycoconjugates were found inside vacuoles in the R cells, while neutral polysaccharides were present in the B cells and near to the microvilli. In females with exhausted gonads polysaccharides were also seen in the intertubular spaces and inside the lumina of the tubules. The F and M cells were the most marked by the presence of large amounts of proteins observed in R cells and also inside the vacuoles of B cells. The bound calcium was mainly found in the F and M cells. The F cells showed strong positive staining for lipid while the R cell only stained weakly. The E cells did not react to any of the applied staining techniques. The similarities in the histochemical composition of these hepatopancreatic cells in females with developed gonads, compared to exhausted ones, is justified by the fact that transfer of these elements to the oocytes occurs, in significant quantity, only during the initial stages of gonadal development in F. brasiliensis. Also, they may be more related to the molt stage, as in the case of calcium salts. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

A formação da historiografia teatral brasileira (1888-1938): consonâncias e dissonâncias

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Uma espécie nova de Neoplecostomus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Neoplecostominae) do Sistema do Alto rio Paraná, com uma descrição osteológica completas de Neoplecostomus microps (Steindachner, 1876)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estimacion de la mortalidad adulta en seis parroquias del valle central de Costa Rica (1888-1910) a partir de la informacion sobre orfandad

Incluye Bibliografía

Turks and Caicos Islands: macro socio-economic assessment of the damage and losses caused by tropical storm Hanna and hurricane Ike

Includes bibliography

A crítica de Theodor W. Adorno ao tédio: homem e cultura danificados

Pós-graduação em Filosofia - FFC

Violência na Vila de São Sebastião do Ribeirão Preto (1874-1888): livres e escravos nas barras da justiça

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)