Brazil's strategic partnerships: an assessment of the Lula era (2003-2010)

This article examines the priority bilateral relations of Brazil, named "strategic partnerships", both because of their tradition and historical relevance and due to the existence of political and economic cooperation projects. An assessment of these relationships, especially under Lula's administration, is made in this work, bearing in mind the concept of "strategic partnerships" and its development in Brazilian foreign policy. There will be considered partnerships with the US; Argentina; Japan; China; India; South Africa and the European Union. In the article, the meaning of the increase in these relationships is interpreted on the grounds of its significance to the international insertion strategy of Brazil

Multi-level governance and social cohesion in the European Union: the assessment of local agents, a study case inside Galicia

Implementing multi-level governance has been a key priority in EU cohesion policy. This study assesses the perceived achievements and shortcomings in implementing European Social Fund by analyzing the deficits and weaknesses as well as the poor participation of local agents who are in direct contact with the beneficiaries in order to design and implement this fund, which is the main financial instrument of EU social policy.

South-South relations and the English School of International Relations: Chinese and Brazilian ideas and involvement in Sub-Saharan Africa

The rise of large developing countries has led to considerable discussions of re-balancing global relations and giving greater priority to understanding South-South relations. This paper, in exploring the central ideas of Chinese and Brazilian foreign policy and the behavior of these two rising Southern countries toward Sub-Saharan Africa, argues that the English School of International Relations is well suited to understanding the intentions and actions that characterize South-South relations.

Simultaneous selection in progenies of yellow passion fruit using selection indices

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of simultaneous selection (selection indices) using estimated genetic gains in yellow passion fruit and to make a comparison between the methodologies of Mulamba & Mock and Elston. The study was conducted with 26 sib progenies of yellow passion fruit for intrinsic production characteristics including fruit number, fruit mass, fruit length and diameter, and for the fruit characteristics skin thickness, soluble solids and acidity. Two methodologies were applied: first, in the joint analysis of fruit characteristics and of intrinsic production characteristics in a single phase of selection; and second, in the analysis in two phases, in which priority was given to the intrinsic production characteristics in the first phase, and later, in the second phase, the best fruit characteristics were chosen among the progenies of the first phase. The analysis of variance was applied to the data to detect genetic variability among progenies. The Elston's selection indice was unable to provide distribution of genetic gains consistent with the purposes of the study, as it selected a single progeny of passion fruit. However, the index based on the sum of ranks of Mulamba & Mock was more suitable, as it provided a balanced distribution of gains, selecting a larger number of progenies. The methodology of selection using indices is advantageous in passion fruit, since it contributes to higher genetic gains for all the traits evaluated, and the selection in a single phase was proved efficient for progeny selection.

Conception of a flexible integrator and lean model for integrated management systems

Management systems standards (MSSs) have developed in an unprecedented manner in the last few years. These MSS cover a wide array of different disciplines, aims and activities of organisations. Also, organisations are populated with an enormous diversity of independent management systems (MSs). An integrated management system (IMS) tends to integrate some or all components of the business. Maximising their integration in one coherent and efficient MS is increasingly a strategic priority and constitutes an opportunity for businesses to be more competitive and consequently, promote its sustainable success. Those organisations that are quicker and more efficient in their integration and continuous improvement will have a competitive advantage in obtaining sustainable value in our global and competitive business world. Several scholars have proposed various theoretical approaches regarding the integration of management sub-systems, leading to the conclusion that there is no common practice for all organisations as they encompass different characteristics. One other author shows that several tangible and intangible gains for organisations, as well as to their internal and external stakeholders, are achieved with the integration of the individual standardised MSs. The purpose of this work was to conceive a model, Flexible, Integrator and Lean for IMSs, according to ISO 9001 for quality; ISO 14001 for environment and OHSAS 18001 for occupational health and safety (IMS–QES), that can be adapted and progressively assimilate other MSs, such as, SA 8000/ISO 26000 for social accountability, ISO 31000 for risk management and ISO/IEC 27001 for information security management, among others. The IMS–QES model was designed in the real environment of an industrial Portuguese small and medium enterprise, that over the years has been adopting, gradually, in whole or in part, individual MSSs. The developed model is based on a preliminary investigation conducted through a questionnaire. The strategy and research methods have taken into consideration the case study. Among the main findings of the survey we highlight: the creation of added value for the business through the elimination of several organisational wastes; the integrated management of the sustainability components; the elimination of conflicts between independent MS; dialogue with the main stakeholders and commitment to their ongoing satisfaction and increased contribution to the company’s competitiveness; and greater valorisation and motivation of employees as a result of the expansion of their skill base, actions and responsibilities, with their consequent empowerment. A set of key performance indicators (KPIs) constitute the support, in a perspective of business excellence, to the follow up of the organisation’s progress towards the vision and achievement of the defined objectives in the context of each component of the IMS model. The conceived model had many phases and the one presented in this work is the last required for the integration of quality, environment, safety and others individual standardised MSs. Globally, the investigation results, by themselves, justified and prioritised the conception of an IMS–QES model, to be implemented at the company where the investigation was conducted, but also a generic model of an IMS, which may be more flexible, integrator and lean as possible, potentiating the efficiency, added value both in the present and, fundamentally, for future.

Integration of Individualized Management Systems (MSs) as an Aggregating Factor of Sustainable Value for Organizations: An Overview Through a Review of the Literature

Nowadays, there exist various standards for individual management systems (MSs), at least, one for each stakeholder. New ones will be published. An integrated management system (IMS) aims to integrate some or all components of the business into one coherent and efficient MS. Maximizing integration is more and more a strategic priority in that it constitutes an opportunity to eliminate and/or reduce potential factors of destruction of value for the organizations and also to be more competitive and consequently promote its sustainable success. A preliminary investigation was conducted on a Portuguese industrial company which, over the years, has been adopting gradually, in whole or in part, individualized management system standards (MSSs). A research, through a questionnaire, was performed with the objective to develop, in a real business environment, an adequate and efficient IMS-QES (quality, environment, and safety) model and to potentiate for the future a generic IMS model to integrate other MSSs. The strategy and research methods have taken into consideration the case study. It was obtained a set of relevant conclusions resulting from the statistical analyses of the responses to the survey. Globally, the investigation results, by themselves, justified and prioritized the conception of a model of development of the IMS-QES and consequent definition and validation of a structure of an IMS-QES model, to be implemented at the small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) where the investigation was conducted.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

The purpose of this paper is to, in a holistic way, identify and explore the critical success factors (CSFs) that are considered in the context of the growing discussions, movements, proposed models, and case studies about the integration of management systems (MSs). This work is an investigation focused on the integration of MSs into an integrated management system (IMS) and the proposed approach takes into account the literature review as well as the experience gained by the authors on researches about Portuguese enterprises. This qualitative and empirical research, investigated the integration of MSs from existing scientific publications for the period 1999 to 2014, on-going case studies and one inquiry conducted by the authors. This research contributes to a better understanding of the CSFs regarding the integration of MSs and thus provides an insight on the preventive management. This research shows an evident lack of information regarding case studies on CSFs for integrated management systems (IMSs) and has identified a set of relevant CSFs, for MSs integration and associated guidelines that organizations should take as a priority, in order to be able to manage, on a preventive way, the implementation of IMSs, and consequently to become more competitive with added value for the stakeholders.

PRECARIEDADE DOS PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS

São tantos os estudos que demonstram que é pela qualidade da educação das pessoas que depende o grau de desenvolvimento dum dado país, que não caberia aqui citá-los um a um. Os estudos nacionais e internacionais são unânimes: investir na educação é investir no futuro honesto da Humanidade. É investir num desenvolvimento sustentável. É investir no ser humano e numa justiça verdadeira, concreta e sensível. E se investir na saúde é prioritário em absoluto, investir na educação também. § There are so many studies that show that it is the quality of education of the people who depend on the degree of development of a given country, that would not fit here quote them one by one. National and international studies are unanimous: investing in education is investing in the future of honest humanity. It is investing in sustainable development. It is investing in people and in true justice, concrete and sensitive. And investing in health is a priority at all, invest in education as well.

Understanding local governance: an international perspective

Enormous change and innovation in governmental practices are occurring throughout the world. Local governance, in particular, has become a concern in many countries. Processes such as redemocratization and decentralization and imperatives of international lending agencies have focused attention on developing good governance practices. Improvement in local government remains a high priority in most countries, but unless the relationship between citizens and government is more fully developed the actions of local government will not necessarily lead to improvement in the conditions of people's lives. This paper will explore the concept of governance and propose an analytical framework for the study of local governance in an international context. The article concludes with recommendations on strategies to improve governance systems and government performance.

Do stakeholders matter in strategic decision making of a sports organization?

This study aims to identify and prioritize the stakeholders involved in making decisions in a sports organization. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the influence of the attributes of power, legitimacy and urgency on the salience of the various stakeholders. The results showed a convergence of external and internal decision makers' perceptions, concerning the three main stakeholder groups: top management, sponsors and member association. Pearson correlations identified four types of stakeholder: definitive, dangerous, demanding and non-stakeholders. A generalized differentiation was also found in stakeholder classification, regarding evaluation of attributes, between external and internal decision makers. In addition, the study suggests the success of organizations' management will depend on correct identification of stakeholders and consequent assessment of their relevance, in order to highlight who should get priority, and how, in strategic decision making.

INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURER SIGNATURE ON STORE BRANDS' LOYALTY AND PURCHASE INTENTION

ABSTRACT With today's trend toward higher store concentration, building strong store brands has become a priority for many retailing companies. This study aims to analyze the differences in store brands' purchasing likelihood between store brands with a manufacturer identification - a manufacturer signature - and store brands with no information about the manufacturer, as well as the moderating role of the manufacturer signature on store brands' purchase intention. We carried out multiple group analysis through structural equation modeling. Our findings suggest that store brand image has the most significant influence on loyalty and purchase intention for both types of store brands. Moreover, and contrary to our expectations, we did not find empirical support for the moderating role of manufacturer signature on store brands' purchasing likelihood.

Avaliação do desempenho docente : objectivos e controvérsias

Actualmente, no campo específico da educação, a avaliação do desempenho tem vindo a assumir uma importância crescente e uma maior atenção dos investigadores pelos contextos escolares e pela relação directa entre a qualidade das abordagens de ensino e os níveis de desempenho dos alunos. No contexto do sistema educativo português, a preocupação com a eficácia passa a considerar a avaliação dos professores como uma prioridade, trazendo à discussão a profissionalidade docente e a sua avaliação. Assim, este estudo tem como objectivo a análise dos elementos potenciadores e condicionadores do actual modelo proposto pelo Decreto Regulamentar 2/2008 de 10 de Janeiro, bem como a sistematização de elementos complementares e /ou alternativos ao modelo vigente, a partir do que perspectivam os professores de uma escola secundária. Para a sua realização utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa suportada na grounded theory - estudo de caso. As técnicas de colheita de dados foram as entrevistas a nove docentes participantes e a análise de documentos relacionados com a política educativa da escola. O estudo permitiu concluir que o modelo apresenta dimensões controversas e que estas condicionam os objectivos intrínsecos do mesmo, sendo que a prevalência de questões burocráticas dificulta a sua implementação. Em consequência foram apresentadas algumas recomendações.

The institutional configuration of sport policy in Brazil: organization, evolution and dilemmas

Brazil has become the center of the spotlight of the whole world recently, amongst many other reasons, one of them was because it was chosen to host a series of mega sporting events - Pan American Games in 2007, Confederations Football Cup in 2013, Fifa Football World Cup 2014 Games and 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016. However, little is known about the country's administrative governmental structure focused on sport policy. The available studies focus their analysis on the sport policies content, but not on the arrangement of its structural decision-making. The main aim of this article is indeed to describe, based on official documentation, the evolution and the current arrangements of the government responsible for the administrative structure for the planning and implementation of sports policies in Brazil. Thus, we tried to list the main problems arising from the organization of the Brazilian sports' management. These problems are: (1) inappropriate institutional structure in terms of human resources and obstacles to participation by other social actors beyond the officials (parliament and members of the Ministry of Sports) in the sports policy; (2) disarticulation between public institutions generating redundancies and conflicts of jurisdiction due to the poor division of labor between bureaucracy agencies; and (3) inadequate planning proved by the lack of organization of some institutions, and by the lack of assessment and continuity of public policies over time. Therefore, we must emphasize those problems from above, and due to these administrative arrangements, Brazilian sports' policy has big challenges in the sport development in this country, which includes the creation of a national "system" for sports and a priority investment in sport education.

Controlo do programa de manutenção dos motociclos Harley-Davidson em Portugal

No actual ambiente competitivo, o baixo custo, a alta qualidade e um grau crescente de personalização são exigências para a sobrevivência das empresas que têm influenciado as acções dos profissionais de manutenção com vista ao aperfeiçoamento das políticas de manutenção. Como resultado, surgiu na área de manutenção industrial uma grande quantidade de métodos, softwares, modelos e ferramentas de gestão, onde se destaca o RCM (Reliability Centered Maintenance ou Manutenção Centrada na Fiabilidade) de origem Norte Americana na década de 60. Inicialmente começou-se a utilizar este método na indústria de aviação passando posteriormente a ser utilizada também pelo Exército dos E.U.A. e a partir da década de 80 por outras indústrias comerciais. Após a explicação da metodologia RCM e tendo como base o modelo da moto Softail, começou-se por definir o sistema através da preparação para a análise, selecção do equipamento a ser analisado e identificação das funções. Após definição do sistema passa-se à sua análise. Neste caso optou-se pela análise FMEA onde se identificam as falhas funcionais, os efeitos e causas dessas mesmas falhas, conhecendo-se o histórico de avarias do modelo Softail durante o período de garantia, desde 1999 até ao presente ano. Do histórico de avarias durante o período de garantia, e após estudo do mesmo, conclui-se que 28,35% das avarias são cosméticas, relativas a problemas de cromados (danos ou qualidade dos cromados) avarias essas que não influenciam o desempenho do motociclo; 9,58% de problemas relativos a baterias, problemas esses que poderão influenciar o normal funcionamento do motociclo e que se deverá ter mais atenção; 7,66% dos motociclos tiveram problemas de entrada de água para o interior do velocímetro, uma vez mais este problema não interfere com o bom desempenho do motociclo; 4,6% relativos a danos na pintura, uma vez mais problema cosmético que não interfere com o bom desempenho do motociclo; segue-se 4,21% devido a barulhos na frente do motociclo e que deverá requerer alguma atenção; 4,21% de mau funcionamento da instrumentação eléctrica, onde se deverá ter também atenção. No estudo da FMEA conclui-se que o principal efeito/consequência gerado pela falha da bateria (falha com maior frequência) é o não funcionamento do motor por falta de alimentação do sistema de gestão electrónica do motociclo e consequente imobilização do mesmo. Com base na FMEA realizada foram salientados os aspectos, em termos de modos de falha, que são mais importantes, com base nas reclamações em prazo de garantia, tais como questões estéticas dos cromados e pinturas e problemas relacionados com o funcionamento da bateria, entre outros. Na FMEA podem ser vistos em termos criticidade todos os modos de falha, através do RPN (Risk Priority Number), ou em português Número de Prioridade de Risco, mostrando assim onde a marca pode aplicar prioridades em termos de acções de projecto ou manutenção. Com estas alterações pretende-se aumentar a fiabilidade do modelo Softail, podendo no futuro alargar este novo plano de manutenção às restantes famílias da gama Harley-Davidson.

Occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds in the Portuguese printing industry

In the printing industry, volatile organic compounds main sources are the uses of organic solvents, fountain solutions and cleaning agents. Nowadays, one circumstance which might confuse the exposure reality is that the majority of solvents which are often used have a faint odour. Therefore, the conditions at offset printing in regard to solvent exposure may seem acceptable to workers. Fortunately, general ventilation and local exhaust systems have also become more common, and new printing machines, often with automatic cleaning, have entered the market. The health effects of volatile organic solvents are dependent on the chemicals involved but, normally, are associated with affecting the nervous system, the liver and also the kidneys. The purpose of this study was to document the conditions regarding exposure to volatile organic compounds in an offset printing unit and to permit identify task with higher exposure and with priority for preventive measures application. Exposure assessment was done before and after installation of general ventilation and local exhaust equipments and during printing and cleaning procedure.