Fish oil for prevention of sudden death in hemodialysis patients?

Friedman et al. report that hemodialysis patients with the highest levels of n-3 fatty acids had impressively low odds of sudden cardiac death. The study is limited by a small sample size, and the analysis relies on only a single baseline measurement of blood levels. Recent randomized evidence indeed fails to support that n-3 fatty acids may prevent sudden death in nonrenal patients. More evidence is needed to advocate fish oil in this setting.

Prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding with three oral mixed micellar phylloquinone doses: results of a 6-year (2005-2011) surveillance in Switzerland.

In 2003, the Swiss guidelines to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) were adapted. As two oral doses (2 mg, hour/day 4) of mixed micellar VK preparation had failed to abolish late VKDB, a third dose (week 4) was introduced. This report summarizes the new guidelines acceptance by Swiss pediatricians and the results of a prospective 6-year surveillance to study their influence on the incidence of VKDB. The new guidelines acceptance by Swiss pediatricians was evaluated by a questionnaire sent to all pediatricians of the Swiss Society of Paediatrics. With the help of the Swiss Paediatric Surveillance Unit, the incidence of VKDB was monitored prospectively from July 1, 2005 until June 30, 2011. Over a 6-year period (458,184 live births), there was one case of early and four cases of late VKDB. Overall incidence was 1.09/10(5) (95 % confidence intervals (CI) 0.4-2.6). Late VKDB incidence was 0.87/10(5) (95 % CI 0.24-2.24). All four infants with late VKDB had an undiagnosed cholestasis at the time of bleeding; parents of 3/4 had refused VK prophylaxis, and in 1/4, the third VK dose had been forgotten. Compared with historical control who had received only two oral doses of mixed micellar VK (18 cases for 475,372 live births), the incidence of late VKDB was significantly lower with three oral doses (Chi(2),Yates correction, P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: VKDB prophylaxis with 3 × 2 mg oral doses of mixed micellar VK seems to prevent adequately infants from VKDB. The main risk factors for VKDB in breast-fed infants are parental VK prophylaxis refusal or an unknown cholestasis.

La substitution hormonale et ses dérivés dans la prévention et le traitement de l'ostéoporose [Hormone replacement therapy and its derivatives in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis]

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is an established approach for the treatment and the prevention of osteoporosis. Many studies with bone mineral density as primary outcome have shown significant efficacy. Observational studies have indicated a significant reduction of hip fracture risk in cohorts of women who maintained HRT therapy. The Women's Health Initiative is the first prospective randomised controlled study which showed a positive effect of HRT in terms of reduction of vertebral and hip fractures risk. Unfortunately, this study has been interrupted after 5.2 years because of the unsupportable increase of risk of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Compliance with HRT, however, is typically poor because of the potential side effects and possible increased risk of breast or endometrial cancer. Nevertheless, there is now evidence that lower doses of estrogens in elderly women may prevent bone loss while minimizing the side effects seen with higher doses. Combination therapies using low doses estrogen should probably be reserved for patients who continue to fracture on single therapy. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are very interesting drugs. The goal of these agents is to maximize the beneficial effect of estrogen on bone and to minimize or antagonize the deleterious effects on the breast and endometrium. Raloxifene, approved for the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis, has been shown to reduce the risks of vertebral fracture in large clinical trials. However, they don't reduce non vertebral fractures. Tibolone is a synthetic steroid that increased bone mineral density at lumbar spine and femoral neck. But no trial has been performed with fractures as end point.

Mort des voyageurs: risques réels, risques virtuels [True and virtual risks of travellers].

Evidence-based information on travel associated mortality is scarce. Perception, intuition and the availability of interventions such as vaccinations and chemoprophylaxis often guide pre-travel advice. Important risks including accidents and cardiovascular events are not routinely included in pre-travel consultations although they cause more fatalities and costs than infectious diseases. The increased risk of sustaining a road accident in poor economy countries should always be mentioned. The general practitioner is further best placed to discuss possible problems of travellers with chronic diseases before travel.

Audit report on the Peace Officers' Retirement, Accident and Disability System for the year ended June 30, 2009

Audit report on the Peace Officers' Retirement, Accident and Disability System for the year ended June 30, 2009

Abduction Prevention Coloring Book

Coloring book for the prevention of abduction made by Division of Criminal Investigation

Prévention des maladies et promotion de la santé: propositions pour une stratégie vaudoise

Ce document présente un plan de prévention pour le Canton de Vaud (version octobre 2007). Ce plan concentre ses efforts sur la prévention de quelques maladies (infarctus du myocarde, accident vasculaire cérébral, diabète, cancer colorectal, cancer du sein, cancer du poumon, dépression, fracture ostéoporotique), à l'aide d'un nombre restreint d'interventions (améliorer l'alimentation et augmenter l'activité physique, lutte contre le tabagisme, prévention primaire et secondaire de la maladie athéromateuse, prévention secondaire du cancer colorectal, prévention secondaire du cancer du sein, prévention secondaire de la dépression). Après la présentation de quelques enjeux de ce plan, le rapport conclut sur trois recommandations portant sur les structures de la prévention des maladies et de promotion de la santé, le monitorage des activités de prévention des maladies et de promotion de la santé et enfin sur le mandat et l'organisation de la Commission cantonale de prévention.

Report on the Local Public Health Services Grant administered by the Bureau of Local Public Health Services, a division of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention of the Iowa Department of Public Health for the period July 1, 2006 through June 30, 2008

Report on the Local Public Health Services Grant administered by the Bureau of Local Public Health Services, a division of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention of the Iowa Department of Public Health for the period July 1, 2006 through June 30, 2008

Audit report on the Peace Officers' Retirement, Accident and Disability System for the year ended June 30, 2010

Audit report on the Peace Officers' Retirement, Accident and Disability System for the year ended June 30, 2010

Prévention primaire et dépistage chez l'adulte: mise à jour 2006 [Primary prevention and screening in adults: update 2006]

Several diseases can be prevented either by primary prevention, such as immunisation or behavioural counselling, or secondary prevention such as screening. The new clinical recommendations include screening of abdominal aortic aneurysm among male smokers and ex-smokers aged between 65 and 75 years and the extension of breast cancer screening by mammography for women aged between 40 and 49 years, as well as screening for diabetes among patients with hypertension or dyslipidemia.

Prévention du paludisme chez les voyageurs: quel antimalarique [Prevention of malaria in travellers: which antimalarial is best?].

Cet article présente les résultats de la revue systématique: Jacquerioz FA, Croft AM. Drugs for preventing malaria in travellers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Oct 7;(4):CD006491. PMID: 19821371.