Feeding level-scaled retention efficiency, growth and energy partitioning of a marine detritivorous fish, redlip mullet (Liza haematocheila T. & S.)

The effects of feeding level on growth, retention efficiency, faeces production and energy partitioning of redlip mullet were studied. A practical diet was used and fed at six levels from starvation, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% of body weight (BW) to satiation for 3 weeks. The temperature was kept at 24 +/- 1 degrees C. Reducing the feeding amount resulted in significantly lower weight gain, and retention efficiency was significantly affected by feeding levels and attained the maximum at maximum feeding intake. Feeding 2% BW was the minimum required for fish to maintain growth. Fish carcass composition under different feeding levels could be divided into three groups: (1) starvation and FL1; (2) FL2 and FL3 and (3) FL4 and satiation, with significant differences among the groups but no differences in the groups except that ash content remained at constant value. Body composition of fish of group 2 was close to initial fish. The thermal-unit coefficient was 0.0381 at satiation, and significantly increased with increasing feeding levels. In order to accurately estimate basal metabolism (HeE), another trial on the relationship between HeE (kJ) and BW (g) was carried out. An exponential curve as HeE=0.1255BW(0.8386) explained this relationship. Intake energy (IE) increased from 11.30 to 63.08 kJ per fish, matching with different feeding levels. Energy allocated to growth of IE decreased with reducing feeding amount. There was a linear relationship between metabolism energy and retention energy in percentage.

高寒草甸土壤有机碳储量及其垂直分布特征

青藏高原是全球变化的敏感区．高寒草甸草原是青藏高原上最主要的放牧利用草地资源之一．选择青藏高原东北隅海北站内具有代表性的高寒草甸土壤进行高分辨率采样．测定土壤根系和有机碳含量．研究得出．青藏高原高寒草甸土壤贮存有巨大的根系生物量（23544．60kgha^-1～27947kgha^-1）和土壤有机碳（21．52GtC）：自然土壤表层（0-10cm）储存了整个剖面土壤有机碳总量的30％左右。比较发现．高寒草甸土壤的有机碳平均贮存量（23．17×10^4kgCha^-1）（0-60cm）较相应深度的热带森林土壤、灌丛土壤和草地土壤的有机碳贮存量高约1～5倍多。在全球碳预算研究中．青藏高原高寒草甸土壤有机碳库不可忽视。随着全球变暖．表层土壤有机碳分解释放的CO2将增加。为了减少高寒草甸生态系统的碳排放。应加强高寒草甸土壤地表覆被的保护．合理种植深根系植物。这对减缓全球大气CO2浓度升高的速率以及可持续开发高寒草甸的生态服务功能都具有重要意义。

jλ变换与离散振荡指标Md在海洋机器人控制系统动态综合中的应用

本文给出由连续系统的S域,到离散领域?的转换的通式。并给出了离散传递函数W(?)的基本属性、离散振荡指标Md的基本概念、?变换的稳定判据、二阶无静差数字随动系统的动态综合、Md综合在海洋机器人航向控制中的应用。

阿尔泰南缘侧向增生过程中的VMS矿床：地质、地球化学特征与成矿机制

The Chinese Altai is one of the most important volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit districts in China. All orebodies were lenticular or bedded and stratabounded by a suite of early Devonian volcanic-sedimentary rocks. Hydrothermal feeder zones developed under some of the orebodies. All the ores are massive or laminated, and show typical characteristics of VMS deposit. Based on the mineralizing time and the metal assembles, we divide 3 metallogenic stages: 1, Fe orefroming stage associated with basaltic and sedimentary rocks during very early Devonian; 2, Cu-Pb-Zn oreforming stage associated with rhyolitic and sedimentary rocks during early Devonian; 3， Cu-Zn oreforming stage in the dacitic and basaltic rocks during mid. Devonian. The hosting rocks for all orebodies are different, but they show very similar geochemical and isotopic characteristics. All the felsic rocks show enriched lighted rare earth elements (REE) patterns (La/Yb>5), and with an obvious Eu negative anomalies (Eu/Eu*<0.6). In the meanwhile, all the mafic rocks show flat REE pattern and no Eu anomalies. The Ashele basalt show an apparent Ce negative anomalies (Ce/Ce* <0.76), All the volcanic roks in Chinese Altai show the decoupled property between the high field strength elements (HFSE) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE). The negative Nb, Ta characteristics with respect to adjacent elements indicate that subduction-modified source. The Nd(t) of the hosting rocks for all orebodies changed in a small range (-1.5~5), and the (87Sr/86Sr)i change in a big range. The initial Sr value of the hosting rocks in Mengku and Tiemuerte are obviously affected by the seawater (0.705~0.710), and initial Sr values of hosting rocks Ashele change in a small range (0.704~0.706). All Sr-Nd isotopes of ores have the same range with the hosting rocks, indicating that both the ores and volcanic rocks have the same island arc source. The mean sulfur isotopes of sulfides from Ashele and Mengku are 6.2‰ and 3.4‰, respectively, indicating a deep magmatic source. However, the sulfur isotopes of sulfides from Keketale, Tiemuerte and Keyinbulake changed in -15.8‰~9.9‰, -23.5‰~1.87‰, -8.3‰~1.6‰, respectively. And the big sulfur isotope range indicated that the sulfur of the ores was a combination biogenic and magmatic source. All volcanic rocks from the VMS deposits in the southern Chinese Altai show a typical subduction related environments. Based on the regional and locally geological evidence, here we propose that the southern Chinese Altai is an island arc system, and all VMS deposits formed during the lateral accretion process. No VMS deposit formed during the formation of the island arc during Silurian; Fe VMS deposit formed during the beginning of the opening of the backarc basin in very early Devonian; Cu-Pb-Zn VMS deposits formed during the mature stage of the backarc basin in early Devonian; at last the Cu-Zn VMS deposit formed during the rifted stage of the island arc itself.

红枫湖生物地球化学过程中Zn的赋存形态及季节性变化特征

通过对贵阳市红枫湖中溶解态锌、颗粒态锌及颗粒态锌中不同结合形态的研究，探讨了红枫湖生物地球化学过程中锌的主要赋存形态与季节性变化规律。结果发现，红枫湖总锌的质量浓度为0．72ug·L^-1～13．04ug·L^-1，污染较轻。红枫湖南湖总锌全年均高于北湖，主要是位于南部的羊昌河输入所致。红枫湖水体中锌的主要赋存形式是溶解态锌（占总锌的70％1；颗粒态中AEC（吸附态-可交换态-碳酸盐结合态）结合态锌是最主要的赋存形式（占颗粒态锌的72％）。溶解态锌含量夏季低而冬季高，主要是因为夏季生物吸收与吸附、以及冬季沉积物孔隙水向上覆水体的释放。颗粒物中有机结合态锌的变化主要受湖泊藻类繁殖的影响

石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素指示贵阳地区大气氮沉降的空间变化和来源

对贵阳市区到农村地区4个方向的石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素组成进行了对比分析.苔藓氮含量变化范围为0.85%-2.97%,并从市区（2.24%±0.32%）往外明显降低（1.27%±0.13%）,表明贵阳市区氮沉降最高、往外逐渐降低,但在较远的农村地区（〉25 km）苔藓氮含量出现回升（平均1.33%-1.75%）,反映了农村地区大气氮输入有所增加.苔藓氮同位素均为负值（-12.50‰--1.39‰）,并从市区到农村地区明显升高.市区苔藓较负的氮同位素比值（平均-8.87‰--8.59‰）主要指示了城市排泄物和污水所释放的氨源贡献,而郊区和农村地区苔藓较高的氮同位素信号（平均-3.83‰--2.48‰）主要反映了农业氨源的影响,苔藓氮含量回升可能与农业活动增强有关.此外,贵阳地区苔藓氮同位素的分布特征与受氧化态氮源控制的地区苔藓氮同位素变化相反,因而,贵阳地区大气氮沉降以铵（NHx）沉降为主,该结论有助于更加准确地认识城市地区大气氮沉降的来源和变化.

贵阳市表层土壤中镍的基线及污染研究

以贵州省贵阳市8 046 km2 为研究区域, 将土壤中镍的空间分布规律与环境地球化学机理研究相结合, 建立镍的区域土壤环境地球化学基线, 并进行污染分析. 通过对332 个样品的分析, 得到以下结论: 贵阳市表层土壤中镍的基线值为1710 mg/ kg , 大于5710 mg/ kg 的样品可能遭受人为污染. 地质累积指数分析结果显示贵阳市1912 %的表层土壤未受镍的污染, 6317 %的表层土壤在无污染到中度污染之间, 1618 % 的中度污染, 只有013 %的表层土壤介于中度污染到强污染之间. 污染程度指数分析则显示贵阳市64 %的表层土壤未受到镍的污染, 镍的污染程度最大为1156 , 总污染程度小于0 , 即总体未受到污染.

Antysemicki incydent prasowy. Kartki pocztowe i poznańskie gazety

Jednym z motywów ikonograficznych wykorzystywanych na reklamowych kartach pocztowych z przełomu XIX i XX wieku były strony tytułowe lokalnych gazet. Wokół poznańskich pocztówek z motywem „gazetowym” wydawanych przez Isaaka Plessnera wybuchła w 1904 roku polemika prasowa o silnie antysemickim podłożu. Zarzut dotyczył druku reklamy katolickiego czasopisma u żydowskiego wydawcy.

Teatro historico de las Iglesias del Reyno de Aragon : tomo primero preliminar [-IX]

En Tomo V. 2 h. de grabados calcográficos representando monedas de Huesca.

SS.PP. Toletanorum quotquot extant Opera : tomus primus [-tertius]

Nunc primum simul edita, ad codices mss. recognita, nonnullis notis illustrata atque in duos tomos distributa.

Teatro critico universal, o Discursos varios en todo genero de materias, para desengaño de errores comunes

Nueva impresion, en la qual van puestas las adiciones del Suplemento en sus lugares.

Form, fi gure, and the experience of time in seven southern composers of the 1950s-60s

After the 1980s it is diffi cult, following stylistic criteria, to draw a map of contemporary academic music. All styles are compossible, and all are practiced. In this context, the geographical entity “South of Italy” does not stand out for a musical identity with special technical-stylistic features. Rather, at a socio-cultural level, the South remains today – in music no less than in all areas where there is a gap between top development and stagnation – a land of emigrants: six out of the seven composers treated (Ivan Fedele, Giuseppe Colardo, Rosario Mirigliano, Giuseppe Soccio, Nicola Cisternino, Biagio Putignano, Paolo Aralla) live in the North of Italy. The positive aspect of this is the affi nity of the South with the transnational and superstructural community of contemporary music, which from European and Western has now become almost global. The composers under consideration belong to the generation of the ‘50s, rooted in the serial and post-serial movements (from which Franco Donatoni, Luciano Berio, Luigi Nono, Salvatore Sciarrino, Giacinto Scelsi, are the principals models, to mention only the Italians), dipped in the general phenomenon of timbrism (particularly spectralism), and acquainted with electronics. They draw from these sources various instruments of compositional technique and aspects of their poetics. In particular these composers, active from the ‘80s, develop new ways of construction of the temporal form of music. They share the goal to establish a new continuity, different from the tonal one but at the same time transcending the serial and post-serial disintegration and fragmentation. The primary means to this end is a new enhancement of the category of fi gure, as a clear and distinct, recognizable aggregate of pitches, intervals, register, durations, timbre, articulation, dynamics, and texture. Each composer elaborates the atonal fi gural material in different ways, emphasizing one aspect or another. For example, Fedele (1953) is a master in the management of form per se, Colardo (1953) in the activation of disturbed harmonic effects, Mirigliano (1950) in the creation of a slight tension from the smallest vibrations of sound, Soccio (1950) in the set up of movement by means of accumulations and discharges of energy, Cisternino (1957) in a Cagean-Scelsian emphasis on sound as such, Putignano (1960) in the suspension of time through the succession and transformation of images, Aralla (1960) in the foundation of form from below, from the concreteness of sound.

Asesoría para el mejoramiento de procesos productivos y la socialización de los productos exitosos diseñados y asesorados por Artesanías de Colombia.

18 hojas : ilustraciones.

Letter: To Molly Wesley from John Wesley, March 30, 1751

Digitized from a letter in the Drew University Methodist Collection. 1 Item (4 p.); 20.5 x 33 cm.

PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE IMAGING AND DETECTION OF MICROBUBBLES IN BLOOD

Stabilized micron-sized bubbles, known as contrast agents, are often injected into the body to enhance ultrasound imaging of blood flow. The ability to detect such bubbles in blood depends on the relative magnitude of the acoustic power backscattered from the microbubbles (‘signal’) to the power backscattered from the red blood cells (‘noise’). Erythrocytes are acoustically small (Rayleigh regime), weak scatterers, and therefore the backscatter coefficient (BSC) of blood increases as the fourth power of frequency throughout the diagnostic frequency range. Microbubbles, on the other hand, are either resonant or super-resonant in the range 5-30 MHz. Above resonance, their total scattering cross-section remains constant with increasing frequency. In the present thesis, a theoretical model of the BSC of a suspension of red blood cells is presented and compared to the BSC of Optison® contrast agent microbubbles. It is predicted that, as the frequency increases, the BSC of red blood cell suspensions eventually exceeds the BSC of the strong scattering microbubbles, leading to a dramatic reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This decrease in SNR with increasing frequency was also confirmed experimentally by use of an active cavitation detector for different concentrations of Optison® microbubbles in erythrocyte suspensions of different hematocrits. The magnitude of the observed decrease in SNR correlated well with theoretical predictions in most cases, except for very dense suspensions of red blood cells, where it is hypothesized that the close proximity of erythrocytes inhibits the acoustic response of the microbubbles.