Factors Facilitating Successful Educational Innovation with ICT in Schools

[EN]This paper proposes an approach to the concept of ICT-based innovation in schools, from the perspective of the factors that facilitate the innovative use of ICT. To this end, a scale has been developed and validated to identify these factors through the participation of 195 teachers from 16 schools considered by the Basque educational authorities as innovators in ICT. The results obtained attest to the validity and reliability of both the scale and the 5 key factors that influence innovation in technology-based teaching. This factor-based structure enables a holistic view of ICT innovation in schools across 3 key areas: school context, teachers and the education authorities.

Cruise Report: Spring 2006 Survey of ecological conditions of the U.S. Middle Atlantic Bight NOAA Ship Nancy Foster NF-06-06-NCCOS (May 12 - May 21, 2006)

This cruise report is a summary of a field survey conducted in coastal-ocean waters of the Mid-Atlantic Bight from Nags Head, North Carolina to Cape Cod, Massachusetts and from approximately 1 nautical mile (nm) of shore seaward to the shelf break (100 m). The survey was conducted May 12 - May 21, 2006 on NOAA Ship NANCY FOSTER Cruise NF-06-06-NCCOS. Multiple indicators of ecological condition were sampled synoptically at each of 49 stations throughout the region using a random probabilistic sampling design. Samples were collected for the analysis of benthic community structure and composition; concentrations of chemical contaminants (metals, pesticides, PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs) in sediments and target demersal biota; nutrient and chlorophyll levels in the water column; and other basic habitat characteristics such as depth, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, sediment grain size, and organic carbon content. The overall purpose of the survey was to collect data to assess the status of ecological condition in coastal-ocean waters of the region, based on these various indicators, and to provide this information as a baseline for determining how environmental conditions may be changing with time. The results will be of value in helping to broaden our understanding of the status of ecological resources and their controlling factors, including impacts of potential ecosystem stressors, in such strategic coastal areas. (18pp.) (PDF contains 24 pages)

Species and size relationships within schools of yellowfin and skipjack tuna as indicated by catches in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean

ENGLISH: Yellowfin tuna, Neothunnus macropterus, and skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, are fished intensively off the west coast of the Americas in an area from about the California-Mexico border in the north to the Peru-Chile border in the south. The historical development of this fishery, and its expansion by the long-range California fleets of bait and purse-seine vessels, are well documented by Godsil (1938), Scofield (1951) and Shimada and Sehaefer (1956). The quarterly distribution of the tuna catches within this area has been reported for some recent years by Alverson (1959). SPANISH: Los atunes aleta amarilla, Neothunnus macropterus, y barrilete, Katsuwonus pelamis, son pescados con intensidad frente a la costa occidental del continente americano, en un área comprendida más o menos entre la frontera California-México en el norte y el límite Perú-Chile en el sur. El desarrollo histórico de esta pesquería y la expansión que le han dado las flotas californianas de largo radio de acción, formadas por los barcos de carnada y rederos, están bien documentados por Godsil (1938), Scofield (1951) y Shimada y Schaefer (1956). La distribución trimestral de las pescas de atún dentro de esta área ha sido tratada por Alverson (1959) con referencia a años recientes.

The Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fishery of the Middle Atlantic Bight and Southern New England Waters

Summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, scup, Stenotomus chrysops, and black sea bass, Centropristis striata, cooccur within the Middle Atlantic Bight and off southern New England and are important components of commercial and recreational fisheries. The commercial otter trawl fishery for these species is primarily a winter fishery, whereas the recreational fishery takes place between late spring and autumn. The otter trawl fishery generally targets summer flounder, and less frequently scup, while black sea bass occurs as bycatch. Trips in which all three species were present yielded highest aggregate landings per unit of effort (LPUE) levels and occurred more often than trips landing only one or two species. More than 50% of the trips in the trawl fishery landed at least two of the three species. In contrast, greater than 75% of the recreational landings of each species occurred as a result of trips landing only one species. Differences in the fisheries resulted from the interactions of seasonal changes in species distributions and gear selectivity. (PDF file contains 18 pages.)

Variability of Temperature and Salinity in the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine

Monitoring of the waters of the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine has been conducted by the MARMAP Ships of Opportunity Program since the early 1970's. Presented in this atlas are portrayals of the temporal and spatial patterns of surface and bottom temperature and surface salinity for these areas during the period 1978-1990. These patterns are shown in the form of time-space diagrams for single-year and multiyear (base period) time frames. Each base period figure shows thirteen-year (1978-1990) mean conditions, sample variance in the form of standard deviations of the measured values, and data locations. Each single-year figure displays annual conditions, sampling locations, and departures of annual conditions from the thirteen-year means, expressed as algebraic anomalies and standardized anomalies. (PDF file contains 112 pages.)

Dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Acute Otitis Media Isolated from Children with Spontaneous Middle-Ear Drainage over a 12-Year Period (1999–2010) in a Region of Northern Spain

10 p.

Relevance of the programmes of the federal fisheries schools to Nigeria's fishing industry

Nigeria's three federal fisheries schools are administered by three autonomous research institutes located in Lagos, New Bussa, and Maiduguri. The schools were established at different periods to train the required manpower for Nigeria's fishing industry which has remained predominantly artisanal since its inception in 1942 as a Second World War exigency. Despite the establishment of the schools, the industry's manpower is still being dominated by non-nationals especially in the capture fisheries sub-sector. The common features of the schools include the apparent insensitivity of their programmes to the industry's dynamic manpower needs; the absence of coordination of their programmes by a national body which would have ensured that the schools are able to communicate with one another and are willing to act and share a purpose. The need and the methodology for a change of emphasis from the on-going training of extension agents and officers to that of fishing operatives and technicians to enable Nigeria effectively harness her local fish resources towards self-sufficiency is highlighted.

Age and growth of Heterotis niloticus around Pategi in the middle River Niger, Kwara State

Biological studies of Heterotis niloticus were conducted for three years in the middle River Niger. Scales were found to be the most suitable structure in ageing Heterotis which was validated by length/histogram curve. Annual rings were found to be formed between March to June. Growth was rapid in the first two years and they reached sexual maturity at 2 years. The male grow longer while the female are bulkier. The length-weight relationship of male and female Heterotis did not differ significantly and the resulting equation for male was W = 1.25L super(2.5) and W = 1.6L super(2.7) for females respectively where W = weight (g) and L = total length. The total length to body scale relationship was found to be L = 14.3R super(2.6) where (R = oral radius of scale Heterotis growth was found to be allometric

Report on estimating the size of dolphin schools, based on data obtained during a charter cruise of the M/V Gina Anne, October 11 -November 25, 1979

Estimates of dolphin school sizes made by observers and crew members aboard tuna seiners or by observers on ship or aerial surveys are important components of population estimates of dolphins which are involved in the yellowfin tuna fishery in the eastern Pacific. Differences in past estimates made from tuna seiners and research ships and aircraft have been noted by Brazier (1978). To compare various methods of estimating dolphin school sizes a research cruise was undertaken with the following major objectives: 1) compare estimates made by observers aboard a tuna seiner and in the ship's helicopter, from aerial photographs, and from counts made at the backdown channel, 2) compare estimates of observers who are told the count of the school size after making their estimate to the observer who is not aware of the count to determine if observers can learn to estimate more accurately, and 3) obtain movie and still photographs of dolphin schools of known size at various stages of chase, capture and release to be used for observer training. The secondary objectives of the cruise were to: 1) obtain life history specimens and data from any dolphins that were killed incidental to purse seining. These specimens and data were to be analyzed by the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service ( NMFS ) , 2) record evasion tactics of dolphin schools by observing them from the helicopter while the seiner approached the school, 3) examine alternative methods for estimating the distance and bearing of schools where they were first sighted, 4) collect the Commission's standard cetacean sighting, set log and daily activity data and expendable bathythermograph data. (PDF contains 31 pages.)

I. A seismotectonic study of the Middle America Subduction Zone. II. Lithosphere and upper mantle structure of the Canadian Shield and Eastern North America

This thesis consists of two separate parts. Part I (Chapter 1) is concerned with seismotectonics of the Middle America subduction zone. In this chapter, stress distribution and Benioff zone geometry are investigated along almost 2000 km of this subduction zone, from the Rivera Fracture Zone in the north to Guatemala in the south. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects on stress distribution of two aseismic ridges, the Tehuantepec Ridge and the Orozco Fracture Zone, which subduct at seismic gaps. Stress distribution is determined by studying seismicity distribution, and by analysis of 190 focal mechanisms, both new and previously published, which are collected here. In addition, two recent large earthquakes that have occurred near the Tehuantepec Ridge and the Orozco Fracture Zone are discussed in more detail. A consistent stress release pattern is found along most of the Middle America subduction zone: thrust events at shallow depths, followed down-dip by an area of low seismic activity, followed by a zone of normal events at over 175 km from the trench and 60 km depth. The zone of low activity is interpreted as showing decoupling of the plates, and the zone of normal activity as showing the breakup of the descending plate. The portion of subducted lithosphere containing the Orozco Fracture Zone does not differ significantly, in Benioff zone geometry or in stress distribution, from adjoining segments. The Playa Azul earthquake of October 25, 1981, M_s=7.3, occurred in this area. Body and surface wave analysis of this event shows a simple source with a shallow thrust mechanism and gives M_o=1.3x10²⁷ dyne-cm. A stress drop of about 45 bars is calculated; this is slightly higher than that of other thrust events in this subduction zone. In the Tehuantepec Ridge area, only minor differences in stress distribution are seen relative to adjoining segments. For both ridges, the only major difference from adjoining areas is the infrequency or lack of occurrence of large interplate thrust events.

Part II involves upper mantle P wave structure studies, for the Canadian shield and eastern North America. In Chapter 2, the P wave structure of the Canadian shield is determined through forward waveform modeling of the phases P_nl, P, and PP. Effects of lateral heterogeneity are kept to a minimum by using earthquakes just outside the shield as sources, with propagation paths largely within the shield. Previous mantle structure studies have used recordings of P waves in the upper mantle triplication range of 15-30°; however, the lack of large earthquakes in the shield region makes compilation of a complete P wave dataset difficult. By using the phase PP, which undergoes triplications at 30-60°, much more information becomes available. The WKBJ technique is used to calculate synthetic seismograms for PP, and these records are modeled almost as well as the P. A new velocity model, designated S25, is proposed for the Canadian shield. This model contains a thick, high-Q, high-velocity lid to 165 km and a deep low-velocity zone. These features combine to produce seismograms that are markedly different from those generated by other shield structure models. The upper mantle discontinuities in S25 are placed at 405 and 660 km, with a simple linear gradient in velocity between them. Details of the shape of the discontinuities are not well constrained. Below 405 km, this model is not very different from many proposed P wave models for both shield and tectonic regions.

Chapter 3 looks in more detail at recordings of P_nl in eastern North America. First, seismograms from four eastern North American earthquakes are analyzed, and seismic moments for the events are calculated. These earthquakes are important in that they are among the largest to have occurred in eastern North America in the last thirty years, yet in some cases were not large enough to produce many good long-period teleseismic records. A simple layer-over-a-halfspace model is used for the initial modeling, and is found to provide an excellent fit for many features of the observed waveforms. The effects on P_nl of varying lid structure are then investigated. A thick lid with a positive gradient in velocity, such as that proposed for the Canadian shield in Chapter 2, will have a pronounced effect on the waveforms, beginning at distances of 800 or 900 km. P_nl records from the same eastern North American events are recalculated for several lid structure models, to survey what kinds of variations might be seen. For several records it is possible to see likely effects of lid structure in the data. However, the dataset is too sparse to make any general observations about variations in lid structure. This type of modeling is expected to be important in the future, as the analysis is extended to more recent eastern North American events, and as broadband instruments make more high-quality regional recordings available.

Financial Futures Markets and Their Impact on the Real Economy in Middle and Low Income Countries

This project analyses the influence of the futures market on middle and low income countries. In it, I attempt to show that investments made by large investment funds in this market, as well as by certain pension plans, bring major consequences whose effects are more evident in less developed countries. The cornerstones of the work are as follows; to attempt to see the existing relationship between the commodity futures market and its underlying assets; analysing products such as wheat, rice and corn in-depth, because these are the most basic foodstuffs at a global level; to determine how an increase in trading in these markets can affect the lives of people in the poorest countries; to analyse investor concern regarding the consequences that their investments may have. Throughout the project we will see how large speculators use production forecasting models to determine the shortage of a commodity in order to take a position in the futures market to profit from it. In addition we will see how an increase in trading in this market causes an increase in the price of the underlying asset in the spot market. As for investor concern, I can say it is negligible, but the idea of running pension plans or investment funds that follow some social criteria has been welcomed by those interviewed, which makes me think that different legislation is possible. This legislation will only come into existence if it is demanded by the people. A fact that now becomes complicated because without a minimum financial basis, they cannot even know how the large investment funds trade with hunger in the world. The day when most people understand how large speculators profit from famine will be the day to put pressure on governments to begin to put limits on speculation. This makes financial awareness necessary in order to achieve a curb in excessive speculation.

A study of the reproductive biology of dace in the middle Ob [introduction , summary and table captions only] [Translation from: Trudy tomsk. gos. Univ. 125, pp.77-91]

The Siberian Dace (Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis (Dyb)is an important trade fish in Siberian waters. In the Ob basin more than 30,000 centners are produced annually. Catches of dace fluctuate significantly both between different rivers and between years in the Tomsk region. Defining the stocks of dace in the waters of the Tomsk region and explaining the fluctuations over time seems to be a very important and relevant question for the workers of the fishing industry. An answer, however, requires an accurate knowledge of the biology of dace; its reproductive, feeding and migration habits and the conditions of wintering etc. In the following we examine one of the above questions i.e. the biology of the reproduction of dace. The study was carried out in the Middle Ob in May 1951. This tranlations provides the introduction, summary and table captions only of the original article.

Níveis de letramento na escrita: a interseção discurso-gramática

Esta dissertação busca contribuir para o ensino da língua materna promovendo uma análise linguístico - discursiva organizada em níveis das produções que compõem o corpus investigado. Considerando um universo de 375 produções discentes, propõe-se uma análise de 37 produções textuais de alunos dos Colégios Militares do Rio de Janeiro, Fortaleza, Porto Alegre e Campo Grande, a fim de, com base no aporte teórico que estabelece a interseção da concepção tridimensional do discurso de Fairclough e as regularidades discursivas de Foucault, sejam propostos níveis de letramento da escrita de alunos do 6 ano do Ensino Fundamental. A proposta metodológica deste estudo baseia-se em duas categorias de análise, a saber: uma categoria discursiva e outra gramatical. A primeira, subdividida em intratexto e intertexto, aponta para a construção de sentido e para o posicionamento do aluno como sujeito. A segunda, subdividida em coesão referencial e coesão sequencial, indica a importância dos elementos gramaticais na sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento do texto. Em cada uma dessas categorias foram levantadas regularidades discursivas que, interseccionadas, retratam os diferentes níveis de proficiência leitora e escritora presentes num mesmo grupo, resultantes dos diferentes níveis de letramento, além de indicar para o professor os aspectos linguísticos que precisam ser desenvolvidos numa sala de aula

Adolescência e sentido de vida

Esta pesquisa tem como problema de investigação o sentido de vida na adolescência. E os objetivos a alcançar foram: discutir questões atuais relativas à adolescência; analisar questões centrais da Logoterapia, propostas por Viktor Frankl; e investigar empiricamente o sentido de vida na adolescência. Na pesquisa ex post facto realizada, foram submetidas à corroboração cinco conjecturas, relacionando adolescência, sexo, orientação confessional da escola e sentido de vida. Os participantes foram 230 alunos, cuja idade variou de 16 a 18 anos, sendo 91 do sexo masculino e 139 do sexo feminino, todos eles matriculados em escolas públicas e privadas do Ensino Médio da cidade de Petrópolis, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram selecionadas duas escolas públicas, uma estadual e uma municipal, além de quatro escolas privadas, sendo duas leigas e duas confessionais, que atendem alunos de classe sócio-econômica diferenciada. Utilizamos o Logo-Teste, originalmente elaborado por Elizabeth Lukas, como instrumento de medida do sentido de vida dos participantes. Das cinco conjecturas testadas, duas foram corroboradas: a de que não há diferença significativa no sentido de vida entre adolescentes do sexo masculino e do sexo feminino e a de que não há diferença significativa no sentido de vida entre adolescentes de escolas públicas e particulares leigas. Além disso, observou-se que as médias obtidas por todos os grupos de participantes situam-se na faixa da estabilidade psíquica, sem riscos de ocorrência de neurose noógena ou depressão noógena.

História de Vida de alunos com deficiência intelectual: percurso escolar e a constituição do sujeito

Esta tese procura compreender o processo de inclusão escolar dos alunos com deficiência intelectual a partir das suas histórias de vida e da percepção que eles têm da escola, considerando a relação entre deficiência, escola e construção do conhecimento. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola do campo, pertencente à rede pública estadual do município de Teresópolis no Rio de Janeiro. Objetivo principal foi compreender o processo de inclusão das pessoas com deficiência intelectual na escola regular a partir das histórias de cinco jovens inseridos na rede regular de ensino. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa norteada pelo método da história de vida, segundo os pressupostos de Glat (2009), Augras (2009), Ferrarotti (1993) e outros. O referencial teórico adotado no estudo pautou-se na abordagem psicossocial da deficiência, ressaltando a relação que a pessoa com deficiência estabelece com o meio social e cultural do qual faz parte. A partir das histórias de vida dos sujeitos foi possível compreender como os jovens narram sua trajetória escolar, com destaque para as seguintes categorias: 1) trajetória escolar, 2) o papel da escola; 3) relação com os professores e as disciplinas; 4) relação com os colegas dentro e fora da escola; 5) perspectivas de futuro e transição para a vida adulta. O estudo revelou as contradições e a complexidade do processo de inclusão de alunos com deficiência intelectual em escolas comuns, particularmente quando se trata da inserção de jovens no segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio. Percebemos que mesmo após anos de discussões e pesquisas sobre a inclusão escolar de alunos com deficiência intelectual suas trajetórias ainda são marcadas pela cultura da incapacidade e do descrédito em relação ao que esses alunos podem fazer. As políticas de inclusão, embora bastante avançadas do ponto de vista de suas concepções teóricas, na prática não se traduzem na superação de práticas homogeneizadoras de ensino e organização do espaço escolar. Esperamos que esta pesquisa contribua significativamente para o contexto da educação brasileira, seja no âmbito da escola comum ou da Educação Especial, de maneira que as falas que aqui foram apresentadas ecoem e signifiquem um ponto de reflexão sobre como os sistemas educacionais e nós mesmos estamos compreendendo o processo de inclusão de alunos com deficiência e outras necessidades especiais na escola e na sociedade.