Local and general anaesthesia do not influence outcome of transfemoral aortic valve implantation.

BACKGROUND There is great variability for the type of anaesthesia used during TAVI, with no clear consensus coming from comparative studies or guidelines. We sought to detect regional differences in the anaesthetic management of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in Europe and to evaluate the relationship between type of anaesthesia and in-hospital and 1year outcome. METHODS Between January 2011 and May 2012 the Sentinel European TAVI Pilot Registry enrolled 2807 patients treated via a transfemoral approach using either local (LA-group, 1095 patients, 39%) or general anaesthesia (GA-group, 1712 patients, 61%). RESULTS A wide variation in LA use was evident amongst the 10 participating countries. The use of LA has increased over time (from a mean of 37.5% of procedures in the first year, to 57% in last 6months, p<0.01). MI, major stroke as well as in-hospital death rate (7.0% LA vs 5.3% GA, p=0.053) had a similar incidence between groups, confirmed in multivariate regression analysis after adjusting for confounders. Dividing our population in tertiles according to the Log-EuroSCORE we found similar mortality under LA, whilst mortality was higher in the highest risk tertile under GA. Survival at 1year, compared by Kaplan-Meier analysis, was similar between groups (log-rank: p=0.1505). CONCLUSIONS Selection of anaesthesia appears to be more influenced by national practice and operator preference than patient characteristics. In the absence of an observed difference in outcomes for either approach, there is no compelling argument to suggest that operators and centres should change their anaesthetic practice.

Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases attenuates brain damage in experimental meningococcal meningitis.

BackgroundApproximately 7% of survivors from meningococcal meningitis (MM) suffer from neurological sequelae due to brain damage in the course of meningitis. The present study focuses on the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in a novel mouse model of MM-induced brain damage.MethodsThe model is based on intracisternal infection of BALB/c mice with a serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strain. Mice were infected with meningococci and randomised for treatment with the MMP inhibitor batimastat (BB-94) or vehicle. Animal survival, brain injury and host-response biomarkers were assessed 48 h after meningococcal challenge.ResultsMice that received BB-94 presented significantly diminished MMP-9 levels (p¿<¿0.01), intracerebral bleeding (p¿<¿0.01), and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown (p¿<¿0.05) in comparison with untreated animals. In mice suffering from MM, the amount of MMP-9 measured by zymography significantly correlated with both intracerebral haemorrhage (p¿<¿0.01) and BBB disruption (p¿<¿0.05).ConclusionsMMPs significantly contribute to brain damage associated with experimental MM. Inhibition of MMPs reduces intracranial complications in mice suffering from MM, representing a potential adjuvant strategy in MM post-infection sequelae.

Percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge repair: in-hospital results and 1-year follow-up of 628 patients of the 2011-2012 Pilot European Sentinel Registry.

BACKGROUND The use of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) has gained widespread acceptance in Europe, but data on immediate success, safety, and long-term echocardiographic follow-up in real-world patients are still limited. OBJECTIVES The aim of this multinational registry is to present a real-world overview of TMVR use in Europe. METHODS The Transcatheter Valve Treatment Sentinel Pilot Registry is a prospective, independent, consecutive collection of individual patient data. RESULTS A total of 628 patients (mean age 74.2 ± 9.7 years, 63.1% men) underwent TMVR between January 2011 and December 2012 in 25 centers in 8 European countries. The prevalent pathogenesis was functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) (n = 452 [72.0%]). The majority of patients (85.5%) were highly symptomatic (New York Heart Association functional class III or higher), with a high logistic EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) (20.4 ± 16.7%). Acute procedural success was high (95.4%) and similar in FMR and degenerative mitral regurgitation (p = 0.662). One clip was implanted in 61.4% of patients. In-hospital mortality was low (2.9%), without significant differences between groups. The estimated 1-year mortality was 15.3%, which was similar for FMR and degenerative mitral regurgitation. The estimated 1-year rate of rehospitalization because of heart failure was 22.8%, significantly higher in the FMR group (25.8% vs. 12.0%, p[log-rank] = 0.009). Paired echocardiographic data from the 1-year follow-up, available for 368 consecutive patients in 15 centers, showed a persistent reduction in the degree of mitral regurgitation at 1 year (6.0% of patients with severe mitral regurgitation). CONCLUSIONS This independent, contemporary registry shows that TMVR is associated with high immediate success, low complication rates, and sustained 1-year reduction of the severity of mitral regurgitation and improvement of clinical symptoms.

Extent of coronary artery disease and outcomes after ticagrelor administration in patients with an acute coronary syndrome: Insights from the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial.

BACKGROUND Extensive coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with higher risk. In this substudy of the PLATO trial, we examined the effects of randomized treatment on outcome events and safety in relation to the extent of CAD. METHODS Patients were classified according to presence of extensive CAD (defined as 3-vessel disease, left main disease, or prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery). The trial's primary and secondary end points were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Among 15,388 study patients for whom the extent of CAD was known, 4,646 (30%) had extensive CAD. Patients with extensive CAD had more high-risk characteristics and experienced more clinical events during follow-up. They were less likely to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (58% vs 79%, P < .001) but more likely to undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery (16% vs 2%, P < .001). Ticagrelor, compared with clopidogrel, reduced the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with extensive CAD (14.9% vs 17.6%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.85 [0.73-0.98]) similar to its reduction in those without extensive CAD (6.8% vs 8.0%, HR 0.85 [0.74-0.98], Pinteraction = .99). Major bleeding was similar with ticagrelor vs clopidogrel among patients with (25.7% vs 25.5%, HR 1.02 [0.90-1.15]) and without (7.3% vs 6.4%, HR 1.14 [0.98-1.33], Pinteraction = .24) extensive CAD. CONCLUSIONS Patients with extensive CAD have higher rates of recurrent cardiovascular events and bleeding. Ticagrelor reduced ischemic events to a similar extent both in patients with and without extensive CAD, with bleeding rates similar to clopidogrel.

Organisation und Institutionalisierung: Aspekte der Wirkungsproblematik sozialer Bewegungen am Beispiel der neuen Frauenbewegungen in Frankreich, der Bundesrepublik und der Schweiz

Die Beiträge des Bandes beleuchten Stand und Perspektiven der historischen Bewegungsforschung mit Blick auf theoretische und konzeptionelle Perspektiven. In empirischen Fallstudien werden gängige Theoreme der Bewegungsforschung einer näheren Betrachtung unterzogen. Die vor allem seitens der Sozialwissenschaften entwickelten Ansätze werden auf historische Fragestellungen und Quellen bezogen und im Hinblick auf ihre analytische Tragweite – und ihre Grenzen – analysiert

Indigenous enteric eosinophils control DCs to initiate a primary Th2 immune response in vivo.

Eosinophils natively inhabit the small intestine, but a functional role for them there has remained elusive. Here, we show that eosinophil-deficient mice were protected from induction of Th2-mediated peanut food allergy and anaphylaxis, and Th2 priming was restored by reconstitution with il4(+/+) or il4(-/-) eosinophils. Eosinophils controlled CD103(+) dendritic cell (DC) activation and migration from the intestine to draining lymph nodes, events necessary for Th2 priming. Eosinophil activation in vitro and in vivo led to degranulation of eosinophil peroxidase, a granule protein whose enzymatic activity promoted DC activation in mice and humans in vitro, and intestinal and extraintestinal mouse DC activation and mobilization to lymph nodes in vivo. Further, eosinophil peroxidase enhanced responses to ovalbumin seen after immunization. Thus, eosinophils can be critical contributors to the intestinal immune system, and granule-mediated shaping of DC responses can promote both intestinal and extraintestinal adaptive immunity.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 75 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Armin Hodler (p. II 9, 1-88b)

37 Briefe und Beilage zwischen Armin Hodler und Max Horkheimer, 1935-1948; 14 Briefe und Beilage zwischen Hans Honegger und Max Horkheimer, 1941-1946; 1 Brief und Beilage von Max Horkheimer an Paul Honigsheim, 1943; 9 Briefe zwischen Hans Horkheimer und Max Horkheimer, 1945-1948 sowie 1 Reisebericht, Peru, 1939; 2 Briefe zwischen Susanna Huber-Weisser und Max Horkheimer, 1949; 5 Briefe zwischen Helen MacGill-Hughes vom The American Journal of Sociology und Max Horkheimer, 1949; 1 Briefabschrift von Max Horkheimer an Edmund Husserl, 28.10.1931; 1 Brief von Elizabeth Husserl-Rosenberg, 06.01.1948;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 96 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Jürgen Habermas (p. III 6, 1-421)

5 Briefe mit Antwort an Inga Haag, 1951-1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Jürgen Habermas an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 1 Brief von Ministerialrat i. R. Theodor Häbich an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von cand. phil. Walter Hähnle an Max Horkheimer, 1955, 1957; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Sekretärin Jutta Hagen an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Dissertationsauszug von Volker Freiherr von Hagen, 1954; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Julia Hagenbucher an Max Horkheimer, 1951/1952; 1 Entwurf zu einem Gratulationsschreiben von Max Horkheimer an Professor Otto Hahn, ohne Jahr; 2 Drucksachen von Obermagistratsrat Julius Hahn, 1953, 1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Theodor W. Adorno, von Dr. Hans Hahn an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Theodor W. Adorno an Dr. Hans Hahn, 1952; 1 Danksagung von Rabbi Hugo Hahn, 1955; 3 Briefe mit Antwort von Paul Hahn an Max Horkheimer, 1951-1958; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an die Gebrüder Haldy, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort und Beilage von Professor George W. F. Hallgarten an Max Horkheimer, 1950; 1 Rundschreiben von Arzt und Psychotherapeut Hans Hammer, 1957; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Margarete Hampf-Solm, 1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Eduardo Hamuy an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von der Stadtärztin Dr. med. Carola Hannappel an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief von Hansenmeister an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief mit Antwort und Beilage von der Buchhandlung Ludwig Häntzschel an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Brief von Professor Frederick Harris Harbison an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 3 Briefe mit Antwort von Robert Harcourt an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Brief von Karl Hardach an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Emilie Harlacher an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Drucksache mit Antwort von Oberkirchenrat Otto L. A. von Harling an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Gertrud Harms an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 2 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Wolfgang Hartke an Max Horkheimer, 1954-1956; 2 Briefe mit antwort von Max Horkheimer an Senator Georg Hartmann, 1951, 1954; 3 briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Ökonom Heinz Hartmann an Max Horkheimer, 1956-1958; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Wilbert E. Moore an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 3 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Dr. phil. Leo Hartmann an Max Horkheimer, 1957-1858; 1 Brief mit Antowort von Dr. phil. Eckardt Mesch an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Luzie Hatch an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an den Direktor H. W. Haupt, 1950; 1 Drucksache von Haus Schwalbach, 1951; 4 Briefe mit Antwort von Professor Gottfried und Ellen Hausmann an Max Horkheimer, 1951-1958; 6 Briefe mit Antwort von Eva Haussner an Max Horkheimer, 1957, 1958; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Robert J. Havighurst an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief mit Beilage von Herbert Hax an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 2 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Jean Louis Hébarre an Max Horkheimer, 1950-1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Hebedienst für Elektrizität, Gas und Wasser an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 5 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Professor Otto Heckmann an Max Horkheimer, 1952, 1954; 1 Brief von Melvin J. Lasky an August Heckscher, 1957; 3 Briefe mit Antwort von Marie Heep an Max Horkheimer, 1956-1858; 1 Brief von der Buchhandlung Thekla Heer an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Verleger Jakob Hegner an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 1 Brief von Dr. phil. Rudolf M. Heilbrunn an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Eduard Heimann an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Professor Eduard Heimann an Theodor W. Adorno, 1957; 1 Brief mit Antwort von stud. phil. Wolfgang Heinrich an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an den Direktor Helmuth Heintzmann, 1955; 1 Aktennotiz von Professor Bernhard Heller, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Philipp A. Heller an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Assistent Winfried Hellmann, 1957; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Professor Arthur Henkel an Max Horkheimer, 1953/1954; 1 Brief von Max Horkheiemr an Dorothy Henkel, 1952; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Dr. jur. Werner Hennig an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Professor Wilhelm Hennis, 1957; 3 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Professor Fritz Hepner an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an den Hessischer Minister für Erziehung und Volksbildung, 1950; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Henrietta Herbolsheimer an Max Horkheimer, 1957/1958; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von P. G. Herbst an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an den Herder Verlag, 1953; 2 Briefe mit Antwort, Beilagen und Aktennotizen von Guenter R. Herz an Max Horkheimer, 1956-1957; 2 Briefe mit Antwort unv Beilagen von Professor Theodor W. Adorno, von Dr. phil. Günther Herzberg an Max Horkheimer, 1951-1953; 1 Brief von Professor Theodor W. Adrono an Dr. phil. Günther Herzberg, 1951; 1 Brief von Dr. phil. G. Herzfeld an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von dem Herzog-Film an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Theodor W. Adorno, von Professor Erich Herzog an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Professor Theodor W. Adorno an Professor Erich Herzog, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Verlag Otto H. Hess an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 1 Brief von Professor Gerhard Hess an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Drucksachevon dem Hessischer Arbeitsausschuss gegen Rekrutierung, 1952; 1 Brief mit Beilage von dem Hotel Hessischer Hof an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Hessischer Landesverband für Erwachsenenbildung an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 2 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Marc Heurgon an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Brief mit Beilage von Ruth Heydebrand an Max Horkheimer, [1955]; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Frederick W. J. Heuser an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Professor Joh Erich Heyde an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Befürwortung von Wolf von Heydebrand an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Heinz Joachim Heydorn an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort und Beilage von dem Arzt Otto Heymann an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 5 Briefe zwischen dem Devisenberater und Steuerhelfer Joseph Christ und Max Horkheimer, 1955, 1956, 1961; 1 Brief von dem Office of the United States High Commissioner for Germany an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Lebenslauf von Elen B. Hill, ohne Jahr; 1 Brief von Kurt H. Wolff an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Rolf Himmelreich an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Dr. Rolf Hinder an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Anton Hinsinger an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Hippokrates-Verlag an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Bernice L. Hirsch anMax Horkheimer, 1957; 4 Briefe und Beilagen zwischen dem Historiker und Soziologe Helmut Hirsch an Max Horkheimer, 1951-1954, 25.05.1951; 3 Briefe mit Antwort von Lux Hirsch an Max Horkheimer, 1958; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Trude Hirschberg an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Ingineur Paul F. Hirschfelder an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief von Johannes Hirzel an Max Horkheimer, 1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Historisches Seminar Köln an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort und Beilage von Professor Wolfgang Hochheimer an Professor Theodor W. Adorno, 1952; 2 Briefe von Max Horkheimer an Professor Wolfgang Hochheimer, 1953, 1954; 2 Memoranden von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, 1953; 1 Brief mit Beilage von Stud. phil. Erna Hochleitner an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor Helmut Coing an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 3 Briefe mit Antwort von der Hochschule für Sozialwissenschaften Wilhelmshaven an Max Horkheimer, 1957, 1958; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an die Hochschule für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften Nürnberg, 1953; 2 Drucksachen von dem Hochschul-Dienst, 1952; 2 Drucksachen von der Hochschule für politische Wissenschaften München, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Dr. Wolfram Hodermann an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 4 Briefe zwischen Dr. phil. Walter Höllerer und Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Privatdozent Dr. phil. Walter Hoeres anMax Horkheimer, 1956; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Stud. phil. Charlotte Hoffmann an Max Horkheimer, 1950; 3 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Professor Walter Hoffmann an Max Horkheimer, 1950-1955; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Wolfhart E. V. Hoffmann an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Dr. Werner Hofmann, 1956; 1 Glückwunschtelegramm mit Antwort von Ernst und Karl Hohner, 1953; 1 Brief von Dozent Uvo Hölscher an Max Horkheimer, 1950; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Professor Dr. med. K. Holldack an Max Horkheimer, 1957; 2 Briefe mit Antwort von Dipl. Landwirt Bernhard Hollenhorst an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Brief von Hans Heinz Holz an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 2 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Dr. phil. Rudolf Holzinger an Max Horkheimer, 1951, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Jakob Hommen an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief von Adele Hoppe anMax Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Dr. jur. Anton Horn an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Dr. phil. Emil Horn an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief von der Landesabgeordneten Ruth Horn an H. Maidon, 1953; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Reg.-Direktor Dr. phil. Kurt Horstmann an Max Horkheimer, 1953; 1 Brief von dem Hotel Baur au Lac an H. Maidon, 1958; 2 Briefe mit 1 Antwort von dem Hotel Frankfurter Hof an Max Horkheimer, 1956, 1958; 1 Brief mit Antwort von dem Hotel Stafflenberg an H. Maidon, 1953; 1 Brief von dem Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten, München an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Jean J. Hubener, 1951; 2 Briefe mit Antwort und Beilage von Susanna Huber-Weisser an Max Horkheimer, 1956; 1 Todesanzeige von dem Sozialgerichtsdirektor Gustav Adolf Hünniger, 1955; 1 Brief von dem Oberstudiendirektor F. Huf an Max Horkheimer, 1952; 1 Brief mit Antwort von Professor H. D. Huggins an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 2 Briefe mit 1 Antwort und 1 Beilage von dem Humboldt-Verlag, Wien-Stuttgart an Max Horkheimer, 1951; 1 Brief von Helge Pross an stud. rer. pol. Kristian Hungar, 1957; 1 Brief von Helmut Hungerland an Max Horkheimer, 1950; 1 Brief mit Antwort von James R. Huntley an Max Horkheimer, 1954; 1 Brief von Professor Robert Maynard Hutchins an Max Horkheimer, 1957;

An ecologic comparison study of the impact of economic disadvantage on Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills performance, graduation rates, and readiness for higher education for students attending public and charter schools in Texas from 2004 to 2006

Purpose. No Child Left Behind aimed to "improve the academic achievement of the disadvantaged." The primary research question considered how academic achievement of those from economic disadvantage compared to those not from disadvantage? ^ Economically disadvantaged students can potentially have added academic disadvantage. Research shows low academic achievement can potentially result in drug abuse, youth violence, and teen pregnancy. ^ Methods. To compare the student populations, measures included TAKS results and academic indicator data collected by the Texas Education Agency. ^ Results. T-test analyses showed a significant difference between the economically and non-economically disadvantaged student populations in meeting the TAKS passing standard, graduation, and preparation for higher education.^ Conclusions. The achievement gap between students remained as indicated by the Texas testing program. More research and time are needed to observe if the desired impact on those from economic disadvantage will be reflected by academic achievement data.^

Nd, Sm and carbon isotopic data for samples from ODP Legs 115, 145, 171, and 207

Late Cretaceous fish debris from Demerara Rise exhibits a dramatic positive excursion of 8 e-Nd units during ocean anoxic event 2 (OAE2) that is superimposed on extremely low e-Nd(t) values (-14 to -16.5) observed throughout the rest of the studied interval. The OAE2 e-Nd excursion is the largest yet documented in marine sediments, and the majority of the shift is estimated to have occurred over <20 k.y. Low background e-Nd values on Demerara Rise are explained as the Nd isotopic signature of the South American craton, whereas eruptions of the Caribbean large igneous province or enhanced mixing of intermediate waters in the North Atlantic could have caused the excursion.