Insulin signaling and action in cultured skeletal muscle cells from lean healthy humans with high and low insulin sensitivity

The aim of these studies was to investigate whether insulin resistance is primary to skeletal muscle. Myoblasts were isolated from muscle biopsies of 8 lean insulin-resistant and 8 carefully matched insulin-sensitive subjects (metabolic clearance rates as determined by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp: 5.8 +/- 0.5 vs. 12.3 +/- 1.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively; P < or = 0.05) and differentiated to myotubes. In these cells, insulin stimulation of glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, insulin receptor (IR) kinase activity, and insulin receptor substrate 1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity were measured. Furthermore, insulin activation of protein kinase B (PKB) was compared with immunoblotting of serine residues at position 473. Basal glucose uptake (1.05 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.07 relative units, respectively; P = 0.49) and basal glycogen synthesis (1.02 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.98 +/- 0.11 relative units, respectively; P = 0.89) were not different in myotubes from insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive subjects. Maximal insulin responsiveness of glucose uptake (1.35 +/- 0.03-fold vs. 1.41 +/- 0.05-fold over basal for insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive subjects, respectively; P = 0.43) and glycogen synthesis (2.00 +/- 0.13-fold vs. 2.10 +/- 0.16-fold over basal for insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive subjects, respectively; P = 0.66) were also not different. Insulin stimulation (1 nmol/l) of IR kinase and PI 3-kinase were maximal within 5 min (approximately 8- and 5-fold over basal, respectively), and insulin activation of PKB was maximal within 15 min (approximately 3.5-fold over basal). These time kinetics were not significantly different between groups. In summary, our data show that insulin action and signaling in cultured skeletal muscle cells from normoglycemic lean insulin-resistant subjects is not different from that in cells from insulin-sensitive subjects. This suggests an important role of environmental factors in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Lean Logistics - Innovative Bewertungsmethodik zur Auswahl schlanker Materialbereitstellungsstrategien

Die starke Individualisierung der Kundenwünsche hat eine stetig wachsende Variantenvielfalt zur Folge. Unternehmen, insbesondere aus dem Automotive- und High-Tech-Sektor, sind bestrebt, ein dauerhaftes Vorhalten aller Variantenteile im Montageprozess aufgrund hoher Kapitalbindung, zunehmenden Flächenbedarfs sowie steigenden Handlingaufwands zu vermeiden. Durch die konsequent wertschöpfungsorientierte Planung der Montageprozesse ist es möglich, innerhalb eines Montagetakts größere Teileumfänge zu verbauen. Das Angebot an Bereitstellflächen erhöht sich jedoch nicht, so dass Kosteneinsparungen aus Montageoptimierungen zum Teil nicht ausgeschöpft werden können. Diese Einsparungen können erst zusammen mit einem angepassten und standardisierten Materialbereitstellungsprozess voll wirksam werden. Die Materialbereitstellung muss darüber hinaus auch für individuelle Teilespektren eine adäquate Teileversorgung sichern sowie innerhalb ihrer Systemgrenzen einen optimalen Prozessablauf ermöglichen. Für die Auswahl geeigneter Bereitstellungsstrategien fehlt eine auf den Bereitstellungsprozess abgestimmte Bewertungsmethode, die eine nach Lean Management Grundsätzen vergleichende Prozessbetrachtung ermöglicht und zudem bauteilspezifische Kriterien wie Variantenvielfalt, Reichweite oder Größe berücksichtigt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es daher, eine neuartige Bewertungsmethode vorzustellen.

Lean-Production-Methods for XXL-Products

This paper discusses the different characteristics used to describe XXL-products and, furthermore, presents fundamental aspects concerning the construction (e.g. principles, methods) of production systems. A survey of experts at XXL-producers is used to identify the most commonly implemented Lean-Production-Methods of production systems. The article presents the survey results and finally concludes with an outlook on further steps.

Finely Textured Lean Beef as an Ingredient for Processed Meats

Lean, finely textured beef (LFTB) is a lean product derived from beef-fat trimmings. Characterization of LFTB showed that, while it is high in total protein, the LFTB contains more serum and connective tissue proteins and less myofibrillar proteins than muscle meat. Because of the protein differences, LFTB has less functionality in processed meats, resulting in lower yields and softer texture. Appropriate use of sodium chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate, k-carrageenan, or isolated soy protein achieved desired stability and yields in frankfurters with FTLB. The softer texture may be used to advantage in high-protein, low-fat meat products where excessive toughness or firmness is often a problem.

Production Streamlining through Design, Implementation, and Analysis of Lean Manufacturing Methods

Through the correct implementation of lean manufacturing methods, a company can greatly improve their business. Over a period of three months at TTM Technologies, I utilized my knowledge to fix existing problems ans streamline production. In addition, other trouble areas in their production process were discovered and proper lean methods were used to address them. TTM Technologies saw many changed in the right direction over this time period.

Die runzliche Mark-Erbse, Mac Lean's Little Gem

von Kunstgärtner C. Pfeiffer

Octavio N. Derisi : filosofia de la cultura y los valores

Fil: Rego, Francisco.

Borba, Siomara y Walter Kohan (orgs.). Filosofia, aprendizagem e experiência. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica Editora, 2008, 360 p.

Fil: Fernández Robbio, Matías Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

Linguagem, gênero e filosofia : Uma abordagem wittgensteiniana

O ponto nevrálgico do presente trabalho é evidenciar os possíveis impasses suscitados pela linguagem em relaçao à mulher. E demonstrar a nao neutralidade da linguagem e os valores e conceitos que ela oferece sobre a questao de gênero. Para tal, será utilizado como ferramenta crítica, o conceito de linguagem como forma de vida apresentado pelo filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein na obra Investigaçoes Filosóficas. Para tal, primeiramente, será feita uma introduçao sobre a origem da linguagem baseada nos conceitos dos filósofos Demócrito, Locke e Rousseau. Posteriormente, tendo como bsase os conceitos apresentados por Wittgenstein, faremos a relaçao em ter linguagem, gênero e filosofia

Linguagem, gênero e filosofia : Uma abordagem wittgensteiniana

O ponto nevrálgico do presente trabalho é evidenciar os possíveis impasses suscitados pela linguagem em relaçao à mulher. E demonstrar a nao neutralidade da linguagem e os valores e conceitos que ela oferece sobre a questao de gênero. Para tal, será utilizado como ferramenta crítica, o conceito de linguagem como forma de vida apresentado pelo filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein na obra Investigaçoes Filosóficas. Para tal, primeiramente, será feita uma introduçao sobre a origem da linguagem baseada nos conceitos dos filósofos Demócrito, Locke e Rousseau. Posteriormente, tendo como bsase os conceitos apresentados por Wittgenstein, faremos a relaçao em ter linguagem, gênero e filosofia

Linguagem, gênero e filosofia : Uma abordagem wittgensteiniana

O ponto nevrálgico do presente trabalho é evidenciar os possíveis impasses suscitados pela linguagem em relaçao à mulher. E demonstrar a nao neutralidade da linguagem e os valores e conceitos que ela oferece sobre a questao de gênero. Para tal, será utilizado como ferramenta crítica, o conceito de linguagem como forma de vida apresentado pelo filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein na obra Investigaçoes Filosóficas. Para tal, primeiramente, será feita uma introduçao sobre a origem da linguagem baseada nos conceitos dos filósofos Demócrito, Locke e Rousseau. Posteriormente, tendo como bsase os conceitos apresentados por Wittgenstein, faremos a relaçao em ter linguagem, gênero e filosofia