Sequential injection analysis system with spectrophotometric detection for determination of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in pharmaceutical formulations

This work proposes a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system for the spectrophotometric determination of norfloxacin (NOR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in pharmaceutical formulations. The methodology was based on the reaction of these drugs with p-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde in micellar medium, producing orange colored products (λmax = 495 nm). Beer´s law was obeyed in the concentration range from 2.75x10-5 to 3.44x10-4 mol L-1 and 3.26x10-5 to 3.54x10-4 mol L-1 for NOR and CIP, respectively and sampling rate was 25 h-1. Commercial samples were analyzed and results obtained through the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained using the reference procedure for a 95% confidence level.

Inhalable particulate matter characterization in a medium-sized urban region in Brazil (São José dos Campos Town) - Part I: Morphology

In this study, the concentration and morphological characteristics of inhalable particulate material (PM10) were evaluated and associated with climatic conditions. The mean annual concentration was 11.0 µg m−3, varying between 0,647 µg m−3 and 36.8 µg m−3. Wind speed has a higher influence on PM10 dispersion, but direction was associated with particle source. During the wet period, wind speed is the main dispersion factor, while speed and direction both are important during the dry period. Based on the morphological characteristics, it is concluded that biogenic particles prevail during the rainy season and terrigenous particles during the dry period, depending on the wind direction and intensity.

Gazette archéologique : recueil de monuments pour servir à la connaissance et à l'histoire de l'art antique / publié par les soins de J. de Witte,... et François Lenormant,... [et Robert de Lasteyrie,...]

1887 (A12).

Jos olet mun

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of tetracycline and doxycycline in pharmaceutical formulations using chloramine-T

A simple, rapid, accurate and inexpensive spectrophotometric method for the determination of tetracycline and doxycycline has been developed. The method is based on the reaction between these drugs and chloramine-T in alkaline medium producing red color products with absorbance maximum at the Λ = 535 and 525 nm for the tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. The best conditions for the reactions have been found using multivariate method. Beer´s law is obeyed in a concentration ranges 1.03 x 10-5 to 3.61 x 10-4 mol L-1 and 1.75 x 10-5 to 3.48 x 10-4 mol L-1 for the tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. The quantification limits were 5.63 x 10-6 mol L-1 and 7.12 x 10-7 mol L-1 for the tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of these drugs in pharmaceutical formulations and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained by the comparative method at the 95% confidence level.

Perusteos Suomen sodasta 1808-09

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Oi jos ilta joutuisi

Trad.

Ocorrência de Doenças em Bananeiras no Estado de Alagoas

O cultivo da banana é uma importante fonte de renda para pequenos e médios produtores no estado de Alagoas. A maioria dos plantios está localizado em região de mata e próximo a costa, com condição apropriada para a ocorrência e desenvolvimento de doenças. Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer o levantamento das doenças da bananeira que ocorrem em áreas de plantio localizadas no estado de Alagoas. O trabalho foi conduzido durante os anos de 2006 e 2007, por meio de visitas às propriedades e coleta de materiais de plantas infectadas em 60 áreas produtoras de banana, em quatorze municípios do estado de Alagoas. As amostras coletadas foram analisadas em laboratório para identificação dos patógenos associados com as doenças. Neste levantamento muitas doenças causadas por fungos e nematóides foram observadas, tais como: sigatoca amarela (Pseudocercospora musae) (Zimm.) Deighton; mancha de Deightoniella (Deightoniella torulosa) (Syd.) Ellis e mancha de Cordana (Cordana musae Zimm), que ocorreram em todas as áreas analisadas; mancha de Chloridium (Chloridium musae Stahel), ocorrendo somente em áreas úmidas e associada a outras manchas foliares; mancha de Exosporella, que foi observada somente em Santana do Mundaú; fitonematoses causadas por Rhadophulus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus e Pratylenchus sp., detectados apenas em alguns municípios; mal-do-panamá (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) encontrado somente em quatro áreas no Sul do Estado e Murcha bacteriana (Ralstonia solanacearum) (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. (raça 2), encontrada em três áreas. Apesar de mal-do-panamá e moko (Ralstonia solanacearum raça 2) terem sido encontradas em baixa incidência, estas doenças ainda são consideradas como principais problemas em plantações de bananeiras no estado de Alagoas.