La agricultura y la escuela en Espa??a (1848-1901)

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Para uma história de uma ordem secreta de filiação monárquica : Sociedade Secreta de São Miguel da Ala (1848-1859)

De óbvias inspirações maçónico-Carbonárias, “mas com intenções absolutamente contrárias”, a Ordem de São Miguel da Ala era uma associação secreta, militante e política, sobretudo “revolucionária e anti-dinástica”, tendo D. Miguel de Bragança como força centrífuga/centrípeta. Em outras palavras, “a sociedade era Católica, Apostólica, Romana e Miguelista e, no entanto, absolutamente secreta,exigindo o juramento inviolável sobre pessoas e coisas”.

British railways and the challenge from road haulage: 1919-39

Interwar Britain witnessed the rapid rise of road transport as a serious competitor to the railways. This article examines road–rail competition for freight traffic. It demonstrates that, contrary to previous accounts—which have been highly critical of the railway companies—their failure to prevent rapid loss of traffic to the roads was the inevitable consequence of the regulatory framework under which the railways had been returned to private control in 1921. Given the constraints imposed by this framework, price competition with road hauliers would have further depressed railway company profits. Railway policy thus concentrated on pressing for a revision of the legislative framework governing road–rail competition.