Consumo de forragem e desempenho animal em cultivares de Urochloa humidicola sob lotação contínua

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o acúmulo de forragem, a estrutura do dossel, o valor nutritivo, o consumo de forragem e a produção animal, em pastos de Urochloa humidicola sob lotação contínua. As cultivares BRS Tupi e Comum foram avaliadas durante os períodos de seca e das águas (julho de 2011 a agosto de 2012), em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com dois tratamentos e seis repetições. Mensalmente, os animais foram pesados e os pastos amostrados para a determinação de: taxa de acúmulo de forragem (TAF); massa de forragem; percentagens de folha (PF), colmo e material morto (PM); e valor nutritivo. O consumo de matéria seca (CMS) foi determinado uma vez a cada período. 'BRS Tupi' apresentou maiores TAF e PF e menor PM do que a 'Comum', durante o período das águas. O valor nutritivo, o CMS e o ganho médio diário foram semelhantes entre as duas cultivares. O conteúdo de proteína bruta da forragem - 6,0 e 5,0%, respectivamente, para os períodos das águas e seco - foi o principal fator limitante ao CMS. 'BRS Tupi' recebeu maior taxa de lotação e, consequentemente, possibilitou maior ganho de peso vivo por área (192 kg ha-1 por ano) do que a 'Comum' (126 kg ha-1 por ano). A 'BRS Tupi' é uma boa alternativa para a diversificação de pastagens em solos de baixa fertilidade sujeitos a alagamento temporário.

Modelos de crescimento animal para tempos irregulares

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor modelos que considerem estrutura irregular dos dados e avaliá-los em relação a modelos utilizados com tempos regulares. Foram considerados os modelos de crescimento Gompertz, Logístico e Von Bertalanffy com estruturas regular e irregular para os erros. A metodologia foi exemplificada com o uso de dados reais e simulados. Foram utilizados 16 pesos médios de 160 animais da raça Hereford, com pesagens do nascimento até aproximadamente 2 anos de idade. Para cada modelo, os parâmetros do melhor ajuste foram utilizados para simulação. O ajuste dos modelos melhora quando a estrutura original dos dados é levada em consideração, com redução na soma de quadrados dos resíduos e no valor do critério de Akaike.

Percement de l'isthme de Suez. Notice géographique et historique et considérations sur le projet de percement d'un canal reliant la Méditerranée à la mer Rouge, par Maurice Bordot, d'après les travaux publiés par M. Ferdinand de Lesseps, précédée d'une lettre de M. Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire

Comprend : Lettre

In vitro evaluation of the temperature increment at the external root surface after Er,Cr: YSGG laser irradiation of the root canal

Objectives: A study was made to determine the temperature increment at the dental root surface following Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation of the root canal. Design. Human canines and incisors previously instrumented to K file number ISO 30 were used. Irradiation was carried out with glass fiber endodontic tips measuring 200 μm in diameter and especially designed for insertion in the root canal. The teeth were irradiated at 1 and 2 W for 30 seconds, without water spraying or air, and applying a continuous circular movement (approximately 2 mm/sec.) in the apico-coronal direction. Results: At the 1 W power setting, the mean temperature increment was 3.84ºC versus 5.01ºC at 2 W. In all cases the difference in mean value obtained after irradiation versus the mean baseline temperature proved statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser gives rise to a statistically significant temperature increment at the external root surface, though this increment is probably clinically irrelevant, since it would appear to damage the tissues (periodontal ligament and alveolar bone) in proximity to the treated tooth

Developmental critical period in genetic redox dysregulation: animal and human studies in schizophrenia

Converging evidence favors an abnormal susceptibility to oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Decreased levels of glutathione (GSH), the major cellular antioxidant and redox regulator, was observed in cerebrospinal-fluid and prefrontal cortex of patients. Importantly, abnormal GSH synthesis of genetic origin was observed: Two case-control studies showed an association with a GAG trinucleotide repeat (TNR) polymorphism in the GSH key synthesizing enzyme glutamate-cysteine-ligase (GCL) catalytic subunit (GCLC) gene. The most common TNR genotype 7/7 was more frequent in controls, whereas the rarest TNR genotype 8/8 was three times more frequent in patients. The disease associated genotypes (35% of patients) correlated with decreased GCLC protein, GCL activity and GSH content. Similar GSH system anomalies were observed in early psychosis patients. Such redox dysregulation combined with environmental stressors at specific developmental stages could underlie structural and functional connectivity anomalies. In pharmacological and knock-out (KO) models, GSH deficit induces anomalies analogous to those reported in patients. (a) morphology: spine density and GABA-parvalbumine immunoreactivity (PV-I) were decreased in anterior cingulate cortex. KO mice showed delayed cortical PV-I at PD10. This effect is exacerbated in mice with increased DA from PD5-10. KO mice exhibit cortical impairment in myelin and perineuronal net known to modulate PV connectivity. (b) physiology: In cultured neurons, NMDA response are depressed by D2 activation. In hippocampus, NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity is impaired and kainate induced g-oscillations are reduced in parallel to PV-I. (c) cognition: low GSH models show increased sensitivity to stress, hyperactivity, abnormal object recognition, olfactory integration and social behavior. In a clinical study, GSH precursor N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) as add on therapy, improves the negative symptoms and decreases the side effects of antipsychotics. In an auditory oddball paradigm, NAC improves the mismatched negativity, an evoked potential related to pre-attention and to NMDA receptors function. In summary, clinical and experimental evidence converge to demonstrate that a genetically induced dysregulation of GSH synthesis combined with environmental insults in early development represent a major risk factor contributing to the development of schizophrenia

Le [HMS] Calcutta [escortant le Renown sur lequel voyage le prince de Galles] dans le canal de Panama : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59073

Le [HMS] Renown [à bord duquel voyage le prince de Galles] dans le canal de Panama : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59074

Le [HMS] Renown [à bord duquel voyage le prince de Galles] dans le canal de Panama : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59075

Le prince de Galles à bord du Renown dans le canal de Panama : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59076

[Le] canal de Panama [franchi par le Renown à bord duquel voyage le prince de Galles] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59077

Voyage du prince de Galles, le Renown dans le canal de Panama : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59079