Procesos de reapropiación del espacio público en Quito: el caso del graffiti en la administración de Augusto Barrera (2009 – 2014)

A finales del siglo XX, se asiste a una nueva etapa del desarrollo de la estética urbana, marcada por la aplicación y presencia de las nuevas tecnologías y la aparición de nuevos agentes sociales como el escritor de grafiti, el artista de la calle o el activista contracultural. El grafiti, entendido como práctica cultural tradicionalmente urbana, se encuentra sujeto a las transformaciones que manifiestan la sociedad y el espacio de la ciudad, adaptándose continuamente y desde diferentes formatos a la realidad social. En esta práctica se observa un modo de reafirmar identidades, criticar y proponer proyectos de ciudad posibles. Además, las intervenciones de calle producidas por escritores de grafiti, artistas urbanos o activistas culturales, sociales y políticos contribuyen a la construcción y definición de la imagen pública de una determinada área urbana, subrayando o alterando la imagen tradicional de dichos espacios. En esa línea de ideas, la investigación analizará el graffiti en los aspectos correspondientes a los actores que ejecutan las intervenciones, el contexto político y coyuntural en el que nacen estas iniciativas, el contenido visual y lingüístico de los mismos, así como el espacio geográfico en el que se plasman, entendiendo que cada uno de ellos brinda una espesor interpretativo que enriquece el trabajo desarrollado. Por lo tanto, el estudio del grafiti en la ciudad de Quito es relevante en cuanto permite evaluar, en términos cualitativos: la vitalidad ciudadana del área metropolitana, la pluralidad de sus agentes culturales, sus pretensiones, su carácter crítico, su nivel de pensamiento y formación, el grado de conciencia y participación en la transformación social.

Effects of cultural system (organic and conventional) on growth, photosynthesis and yield components of sweet corn (zea mays L.) under semi-arid environment

Organic sweet maize consists of a new industrial crop product. Field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cultural systems on growth, photosynthesis and yield components of sweet maize crop (Zea mays L. F-1 hybrid 'Midas'). A randomized complete block design was employed with four replicates per treatment (organic fertilization: cow manure (5, 10 and 20 t ha(-1)), poultry manure (5, 10 and 20 t ha(-1)) and barley mulch (5, 10 and 20 t ha(-1)), synthetic fertilizer (240 kg N ha(-1)): 21-0-0 and control). The lowest dry weight, height and leaf area index and sod organic matter were measured in the control treatment. Organic matter content was proportionate to the amount of manure applied. The control plots had the lowest yield (1593 kg ha(-1)) and the double rate cow manure plots the had,greatest one. (6104 kg ha(-1)). High correlation between sweet corn yield and organic matter was registered. Moreover, the lowest values of 1000-grain weight were obtained with control plot. The fertilizer plot gave values which were similar to the full rate cow manure treatment. The photosynthetic race of the untreated control was significantly lower than that of the other treatments. The phorosynthetic rate increased as poultry manure and barley mulch ram decreased and as cow manure increased. Furthermore the untreated control had the lowest stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content. Our results indicated that sweet corn growth and yield in the organic plots was significantly higher than those in the conventional plots.

Striking a balance: cultural conflicts or cultural adaptation

This paper explores the cultural representations embedded in the EFL textbooks for Primary English language education in China. In particular, it examines how cultural globalisation and localisation are competing with each other as the educational policy in English attempts to strike a balance between the local culture and ‘western’ culture. Using discourse analysis as an analytical framework, this paper argues that culture as a social construct is constantly evolving and traditions are fused with new cultural values and worldviews brought about by globalisation. As such, the analysis of the textbooks illustrates that culture as a social phenomenon has changed over the decades and glocalisation is gaining new perspectives in English language education in China. Importantly, the analysis shows that new cultural elements have been established and cultural globalisation has taken place when local culture adapt ‘foreign’ cultures to suit local needs. Acknowledging that there are cultural conflicts and competing ideologies in the texts, the paper argues that these conflicts and contradictories can be used to develop students’ critical language awareness and foster their critical analytical abilities. Importantly, the analysis can facilitate the students’ English language learning by providing them with opportunities to read beyond texts per se to cultural politics and practices. Juxtaposing different cultural and ideological perspectives can help students understand that cultural values are socially and politically constructed when they are confronted with complex linguistic and cultural environments in reality.

Caracterização socio-econômico-cultural de raizeiros e procedimentos pós-colheita de plantas medicinais comercializadas em Maceió, AL

ARAUJO, Afranio Cesar de et al. Caracterização socio-econômico-cultural de raizeiros e procedimentos pós-colheita de plantas medicinais comercializadas em Maceió, AL. Rev. Bras. Pl. Med, Botucatu, v. 11, n. 01, p.81-91, 2009. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 04 out. 2010.

Distribuição vertical, danos e controle cultural de Stenoma catenifer Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) em pomar de abacate

Stenoma catenifer Walsingham is the major pest in avocado groves (Persea americana Mill.) in the Neotropical region. Management has been difficult for many reasons related to the reduced knowledge on its bioecology and the avocado growing systems. The goal of this work was to study the vertical distribution of S. catenifer in avocado plants, the gagging effect of infested fruit on its survival, and the losses caused. The experiments were conducted in a commercial grove located at the Sao Tomas de Aquino, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 growing season. S. catenifer was observed especially at the lower and central part of the plant, and the inner canopy was the least attacked in comparison with the north, south, east and west quadrants. These results may be important indicators for the use of am adequate sampling procedure. The highest percentage of attacked fruit had one to four larvae; in some cases up to eight individuals per fruit were found. The losses caused by the borer varied during the agricultural season, with figures close to 5% in a single evaluation, and the harvest loss may reach 27%. The bagging of infested fruit caused mortality of S. catenifer, as observed through the evaluation carried out four days later.

Una visión integrada de la descentralización de los servicios básicos en América Latina: los casos de Bolivia (Estado Plurinacional de), Guatemala, el Paraguay y el Perú

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Impactos de las reformas recientes de política fiscal sobre la distribución de ingresos: el caso del Perú

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Políticas activas del mercado de trabajo en Colombia, México y Perú

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Administración del agua en América Latina: situación actual y perspectivas

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Administración del agua en América Latina y el Caribe en el umbral del siglo XXI

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El sistema presupuestario en el Perú

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El sistema hídrico Tinajones, Lambayeque, Perú

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Radicalización política de la juventud popular del Perú

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Estudio del sistema hídrico Tinajones, Lambayeque-Perú: resumen = Study of the Tinajones water system, Lambayeque-Peru: summary

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