Quantitative evaluation of three reconfiguration strategies on FPGAs: a case study

Reconfigurable computing is becoming an important new alternative for implementing computations. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are the ideal integrated circuit technology to experiment with the potential benefits of using different strategies of circuit specialization by reconfiguration. The final form of the reconfiguration strategy is often non-trivial to determine. Consequently, in this paper, we examine strategies for reconfiguration and, based on our experience, propose general guidelines for the tradeoffs using an area-time metric called functional density. Three experiments are set up to explore different reconfiguration strategies for FPGAs applied to a systolic implementation of a scalar quantizer used as a case study. Quantitative results for each experiment are given. The regular nature of the example means that the results can be generalized to a wide class of industry-relevant problems based on arrays.

Portugal's Quota-Parity Law: An Analysis of its Adoption

In August 2006, Portugal approved a new quota law, called the parity law. According to this, all candidate lists presented for local, parliamentary, and European elections must guarantee a minimum representation of 33 per cent for each sex. This article analyses the proximate causes that led to the adoption of gender quotas by the Portuguese Parliament. The simple answer is that the law’s passage was a direct consequence of a draft piece of legislation presented by the Socialist Party (PS), which enjoyed a majority. However, the reasons that led the PS to push through a quota law remain unclear. Using open-ended interviews with key women deputies from all the main Portuguese political parties, and national public opinion data, among other sources, the role of four actors/factors that were involved in the law’s adoption are critically examined: notably, civil society actors, state actors, international and transnational actors, and the Portuguese political context.

Acute hypoxia reduces plasma myostatin independent of hypoxic dose

Background: Muscle atrophy is seen ~ 25 % of patients with cardiopulmonary disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder and chronic heart failure. Multiple hypotheses exist for this loss, including inactivity, inflammation, malnutrition and hypoxia. Healthy individuals exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia also show wasting, suggesting hypoxia alone is sufficient to induce atrophy. Myostatin regulates muscle mass and may underlie hypoxic-induced atrophy. Our previous work suggests a decrease in plasma myostatin and increase in muscle myostatin following 10 hours of exposure to 12 % O2. Aims: To establish the effect of hypoxic dose on plasma myostatin concentration. Concentration of plasma myostatin following two doses of normobaric hypoxia (10.7 % and 12.3 % O2) in a randomised, single-blinded crossover design (n = 8 lowlanders, n = 1 Sherpa), with plasma collected pre (0 hours), post (2 hours) and 2 hours following (4 hours) exposure. Results: An effect of time was noted, plasma myostatin decreased at 4 hours but not 2 hours relative to 0 hours (p = 0.01; 0 hours = 3.26 [0.408] ng.mL-1, 2 hours = 3.33, [0.426] ng.mL-1, 4 hours = 2.92, [0.342] ng.mL-1). No difference in plasma myostatin response was seen between hypoxic conditions (10.7 % vs. 12.3 % O2). Myostatin reduction in the Sherpa case study was similar to the lowlander cohort. Conclusions: Decreased myostatin peptide expression suggests hypoxia in isolation is sufficient to challenge muscle homeostasis, independent of confounding factors seen in chronic cardiopulmonary disorders, in a manner consistent with our previous work. Decreased myostatin peptide may represent flux towards peripheral muscle, or a reduction to protect muscle mass. Chronic adaption to hypoxia does not appear to protect against this response, however larger cohorts are needed to confirm this. Future work will examine tissue changes in parallel with systemic effects.

Distribución y concentración de la munida (Pleuroncodes monodon) en el verano 1996

Presente los resultados de las áreas de distribución de la múnida o camaroncito rojo (Pleuroncodes monodon), durante el Crucero de evaluación de recursos pelágicos 9602-04, a bordo del BIC SNP-1. Así mismo, indica la interrelación de la distribución de los factores ambientales de temperatura y salinidad. Adicionalmente, se estimó la biomasa en 63.342 t mediante una fórmula empírica de fuerza de blanco/longitud. El área de distribución fue de 5.369 mn2. Las principales áreas de distribución estuvieron localizadas en Atico-San Juan, Pucusana-Callao, Chancay-Huacho y Huarmey-Chimbote.

Impact of a cis-associated gene expression SNP on chromosome 20q11.22 on bipolar disorder susceptibility, hippocampal structure and cognitive performance.

BackgroundBipolar disorder is a highly heritable polygenic disorder. Recent enrichment analyses suggest that there may be true risk variants for bipolar disorder in the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in the brain.AimsWe sought to assess the impact of eQTL variants on bipolar disorder risk by combining data from both bipolar disorder genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and brain eQTL.MethodTo detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that influence expression levels of genes associated with bipolar disorder, we jointly analysed data from a bipolar disorder GWAS (7481 cases and 9250 controls) and a genome-wide brain (cortical) eQTL (193 healthy controls) using a Bayesian statistical method, with independent follow-up replications. The identified risk SNP was then further tested for association with hippocampal volume (n = 5775) and cognitive performance (n = 342) among healthy individuals.ResultsIntegrative analysis revealed a significant association between a brain eQTL rs6088662 on chromosome 20q11.22 and bipolar disorder (log Bayes factor = 5.48; bipolar disorder P = 5.85×10(-5)). Follow-up studies across multiple independent samples confirmed the association of the risk SNP (rs6088662) with gene expression and bipolar disorder susceptibility (P = 3.54×10(-8)). Further exploratory analysis revealed that rs6088662 is also associated with hippocampal volume and cognitive performance in healthy individuals.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that 20q11.22 is likely a risk region for bipolar disorder; they also highlight the informative value of integrating functional annotation of genetic variants for gene expression in advancing our understanding of the biological basis underlying complex disorders, such as bipolar disorder.

L'Écho de Paris

1885/02/16 (Numéro 342).

Guiron le Courtois, translaté de latin en françois par Luce du Châtel du Gat.

Commencement : « O Dieu qui m'a donné povoir et engin... » — Fin : « ...et retourne au roy Melyadus pour compter partie de ses aventures. — Cy fine le premier livre Guyron le Courtoys. »

Breviarium et Graduale ad usum Cenomanensem.

Principales fêtes seulement. F. 1-265v Bréviaire noté : — « De b. Juliano, primo Cenomanensi ep. » (42v) ; — Office de ste Catherine (incompl.) (201) ; — Commun des saints (220). F. 266-345 Graduel : — s. Julien (271v) ; — Kyriale (334v) ; — Credo (notation proportionnelle) (342).

Psychologie de l'éducation (Nouv. éd. augm) / par le Dr Gustave Le Bon

Collection : Bibliothèque de philosophie scientifique

Biblia sacra. Biblia sacra, tomus III.

Ce ms. a appartenu à la bibliothèque du chapitre de Notre-Dame de Paris, dont il porte les deux ex-libris suivants: " Tercium volumen biblie ecclie. par. continens..." (fin XIIIe s., contreplat sup.) et "A la bibliotheque de l'Eglise de Paris" (XVIIe s., verso f. de garde sup.). Les anciens ex-libris de la fin du XIIIe s. des mss. lat. 16752 et 16753 ont été tracés par la même main. Notre-Dame.

Vitae

Albinus Andegavensis (251v).Alexander, Eventius et Theodulus (333v).Alexander episcopus Alexandrie (243).Amandus (194v).Amator Autissiodorensis (319v).Ambrosius (290v).Ananias (170v).Ancolianus (206v).Andeolus (314).Archadius (32).Athanasius (326v).Austregisilus Bituricensis (363).Baltildis (135).Baudelius (361).Bonitus (38v).Concordius (2).Crucis inventio (332).Decem millia mart. (239v).Eufrasia (213).Eutropius (313)Faustinus et Jobitta (229v).Felix, Fortunatus et Achilleus (296v).Felix Nolanus (33v).Felix Tubitanensis episcopus (36v).Fidolus (355).Fileas (189).Focas (255v).Fructuosus, Augurius et Eulogius (109v).Fulgencius (7).Gengulphus (343).Gennulphus (74v).Georgius (296).Grisogonus (269v).Honoratus Arelatensis (54).Hugo Gratianopolitanus (273v).lgnacius (178v).Jacobus minor (313v).Johannes Chrysostomus (145).Johannes presb. et conf. (175v).Juliana (236v).Julianus Cenomanensis (138v).Launomarus (101).Leobardus reclusus (98).Lucianus Antiochensis (24v).Lucianus Belvacensis (26v).Mapalicus (295).Marcellus papa (48v).Marciana (30v).Marcus ev. (305).Martina (2v).Maurus (174).Melanius Redonensis (21v).Pachomius (353v).Pancracius (342).Patroclus (111).Perpetus et Felicitas (260).Petrus et Andreas, Paulus et Dionysius (354).Petrus Balsamus (19v).Philemon, Choraula et Arrianus (262).Policarpus (128, 130).Poncius (347).Prejectus et Marinus (124).Quadraginta martyres (266v).Quiriacus episcopus (339).Richarius (309).Ricmarus (94v).Robertus abbas (299).Saturninus (223).Savinianus (122).Scolastica (207).Severinus (210).Sigismundus (318).Siviardus (254).Speusippus, Eleusippus et Meleusippus (67).Theodosia (285).Theogenes (20).Timotheus (114).Tirsus (161).Torpes (357v).Trifon (183).Victor et Corona (351v).Vincentius (115).Vincentius, Oruncius et Victor (118).