Insects associated with the composting process of solid urban waste separated at the source

Sarcosaprophagous macroinvertebrates (earthworms, termites and a number of Diptera larvae) enhance changes in the physical and chemical properties of organic matter during degradation and stabilization processes in composting, causing a decrease in the molecular weights of compounds. This activity makes these organisms excellent recyclers of organic matter. This article evaluates the succession of insects associated with the decomposition of solid urban waste separated at the source. The study was carried out in the city of Medellin, Colombia. A total of 11,732 individuals were determined, belonging to the classes Insecta and Arachnida. Species of three orders of Insecta were identified, Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. Diptera corresponding to 98.5% of the total, was the most abundant and diverse group, with 16 families (Calliphoridae, Drosophilidae, Psychodidae, Fanniidae, Muscidae, Milichiidae, Ulidiidae, Scatopsidae, Sepsidae, Sphaeroceridae, Heleomyzidae, Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae, Phoridae, Tephritidae and Curtonotidae) followed by Coleoptera with five families (Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Ptiliidae, Hydrophilidae and Phalacaridae). Three stages were observed during the composting process, allowing species associated with each stage to be identified. Other species were also present throughout the whole process. In terms of number of species, Diptera was the most important group observed, particularly Ornidia obesa, considered a highly invasive species, and Hermetia illuscens, both reported as beneficial for decomposition of organic matter.

A process approach to the utility for gambling

This paper argues that any specific utility or disutility for gamblingmust be excluded from expected utility because such a theory is consequentialwhile a pleasure or displeasure for gambling is a matter of process, notof consequences. A (dis)utility for gambling is modeled as a process utilitywhich monotonically combines with expected utility restricted to consequences.This allows for a process (dis)utility for gambling to be revealed. Asan illustration, the model shows how empirical observations in the Allaisparadox can reveal a process disutility of gambling. A more general modelof rational behavior combining processes and consequences is then proposedand discussed.

Monitoring the university admissions process in Spain

The examinations taken by high-school graduates in Spain and the role ofthe examination in the university admissions process are described. Thefollowing issues arising in the assessment of the process are discussed:reliability of grading, comparability of the grades and scores(equating),maintenance of standards, and compilation and use of the grading process,and their integration in the operational grading are proposed. Variousschemes for score adjustment are reviewed and feasibility of theirimplementation discussed. The advantages of pretesting of items and ofempirical checks of experts' judgements are pointed out. The paperconcludes with an outline of a planned reorganisation of the highereducation in Spain, and with a call for a comprehensive programme ofempirical research concurrent with the operation of the examination andscoring system.

Adapting the Process Writing Approach to English Language Learners with Special Needs: Using Visuals

The available literature on the writing characteristics and best practices to teach writing to English Language Learners who also present some disability is scarce. In order to understand and provide some insight on the developments in this field, I propose an adaptation of the Process Writing Approach based on a literature review of the existing bibliography about the writing characteristics of English Language Learners, Special Needs Learners, and English Language Learners with Special Needs’ writing, the effects of the Process Writing Approach in teaching writing to these groups, and the use of visuals in writing instruction. The main assumptions of this study are: a) The Process Writing Approach provides an opportunity to differentiate instruction to ELLs with special needs and gives them additional opportunities to bring their funds of knowledge to the classroom, improving their writing, and b) By allowing students to rely on visuals in different phases of the writing process teachers will be addressing the needs of both visual and verbal learners, therefore allowing students more options to develop writing skills. The main pedagogical implication is that by dividing writing in recursive stages and inserting visuals as scaffolding throughout the entire writing process, teachers will provide an alternative approach to writing instruction that may be more effective to English Language Learners with Special Needs.

Use of NIR spectroscopy and multivariate process spectra calibration methodology for pharmaceutical solid samples analysis

Accomplish high quality of final products in pharmaceutical industry is a challenge that requires the control and supervision of all the manufacturing steps. This request created the necessity of developing fast and accurate analytical methods. Near infrared spectroscopy together with chemometrics, fulfill this growing demand. The high speed providing relevant information and the versatility of its application to different types of samples lead these combined techniques as one of the most appropriated. This study is focused on the development of a calibration model able to determine amounts of API from industrial granulates using NIR, chemometrics and process spectra methodology.

Limitations of stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) techniques in cardiac applications.

Stimulated echoes are widely used for imaging functional tissue parameters such as diffusion coefficient, perfusion, and flow rates. They are potentially interesting for the assessment of various cardiac functions. However, severe limitations of the stimulated echo acquisition mode occur, which are related to the special dynamic properties of the beating heart and flowing blood. To the well-known signal decay due to longitudinal relaxation and through-plane motion between the preparation and the read-out period of the stimulated echoes, additional signal loss is often observed. As the prepared magnetization is fixed with respect to the tissue, this signal loss is caused by the tissue deformation during the cardiac cycle, which leads to a modification of the modulation frequency of the magnetization. These effects are theoretically derived and corroborated by phantom and in vivo experiments.

Proyecto de ejecución para las obras de concesión de dominio público para la reforma y adecuación de la central térmica y de la red de saneamiento en un hospital de 350 camas

El Hospital Punta de Europa en Algeciras (Cádiz), centro sanitario del Servicio Andaluz de Salud, desea optimizar la gestión de sus instalaciones de generación de energía térmica (vapor, agua caliente sanitaria y agua caliente de calefacción) y adecuarlas a la normativa vigente así como la sustitución de bajantes del edificio, para lo cual sacará a concurso público la licitación para la concesión de dominio público de dichas instalaciones. Para definir el alcance y condiciones de la citada concesión, el Hospital Punta de Europa (Algeciras) del Servicio Andaluz de Salud ha solicitado a Pedro Alonso Martín el estudio para la reforma y adecuación de las instalaciones productoras de energía térmica del citado Hospital. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es hacer un estudio, propuesta y valoración de las actuaciones necesarias para la reforma y mejora de la explotación de las instalaciones generadoras de energía térmica y de la red saneamiento interior del Hospital Punta de Europa de Algeciras (Cádiz). Las actuales instalaciones de generación térmica consumidoras de energía del hospital dentro del alcance de este Proyecto son: Generación de vapor (lavandería y esterilización). Producción de agua caliente sanitaria (ACS). Producción de agua caliente de calefacción. La mayoría de los equipos productores de energía datan del año 1975, por lo que en la mayoría de los casos se ha cumplido su plazo de amortización y periodo de vida útil. Se hace necesaria la instalación de gas natural, debido a que se tendrá que abastecer a todas las calderas de la central térmica. El diseño del sistema de producción de agua caliente sanitaria garantiza el máximo confort y economía del usuario, compatible con el máximo ahorro energético y la protección del medio ambiente, cubriendo las necesidades de agua caliente sanitaria mediante la combinación de un sistema de calderas a gas con los colectores solares.

Análisis y mejora de los procesos excepcionales de una multinacional del sector de la electrónica utilizando la metodología Business Process Management

El presente documento ilustra la aplicación de la metodología Business Process Managementpara el caso de una empresa multinacional del sector de la electrónica. Para ello se han tomado los procesos excepcionales de Supply Chain Operations en el área EMEA (Europa, Oriente Medio y África). Se ha analizado la situación inicial, donde la aparición de incidencias de calidad en productos terminados y listos para entregar a clientes generaba una serie de acciones descoordinadas y con resultados insatisfactorios. Todos los departamentos implicados comprometían recursos, tiempo y esfuerzo, sin estar alineados entre sí. A partir de la aplicación sistemática de la metodología BPM definida en 10 fases, se ha desarrollado una solución completa para los procesos excepcionales. El documento describe con detalle en proceso de Reflash y la documentación necesaria para poner el proceso bajo control y en mejora continua.

Gaussian process framework for pervasive estimation of swimming velocity with body-worn IMU

Presented is an accurate swimming velocity estimation method using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) by employing a simple biomechanical constraint of motion along with Gaussian process regression to deal with sensor inherent errors. Experimental validation shows a velocity RMS error of 9.0 cm/s and high linear correlation when compared with a commercial tethered reference system. The results confirm the practicality of the presented method to estimate swimming velocity using a single low-cost, body-worn IMU.