971 resultados para nonequilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate


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The nonequilibrium phase transitions occurring in a fast-ionic-conductor model and in a reaction-diffusion Ising model are studied by Monte Carlo finite-size scaling to reveal nonclassical critical behavior; our results are compared with those in related models.

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One of the interesting consequences of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity is the black hole solutions. Until the observation made by Hawking in 1970s, it was believed that black holes are perfectly black. The General Theory of Relativity says that black holes are objects which absorb both matter and radiation crossing the event horizon. The event horizon is a surface through which even light is not able to escape. It acts as a one sided membrane that allows the passage of particles only in one direction i.e. towards the center of black holes. All the particles that are absorbed by black hole increases the mass of the black hole and thus the size of event horizon also increases. Hawking showed in 1970s that when applying quantum mechanical laws to black holes they are not perfectly black but they can emit radiation. Thus the black hole can have temperature known as Hawking temperature. In the thesis we have studied some aspects of black holes in f(R) theory of gravity and Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The scattering of scalar field in this background space time studied in the first chapter shows that the extended black hole will scatter scalar waves and have a scattering cross section and applying tunneling mechanism we have obtained the Hawking temperature of this black hole. In the following chapter we have investigated the quasinormal properties of the extended black hole. We have studied the electromagnetic and scalar perturbations in this space-time and find that the black hole frequencies are complex and show exponential damping indicating the black hole is stable against the perturbations. In the present study we show that not only the black holes exist in modified gravities but also they have similar properties of black hole space times in General Theory of Relativity. 2 + 1 black holes or three dimensional black holes are simplified examples of more complicated four dimensional black holes. Thus these models of black holes are known as toy models of black holes in four dimensional black holes in General theory of Relativity. We have studied some properties of these types of black holes in Einstein model (General Theory of Relativity). A three dimensional black hole known as MSW is taken for our study. The thermodynamics and spectroscopy of MSW black hole are studied and obtained the area spectrum which is equispaced and different thermo dynamical properties are studied. The Dirac perturbation of this three dimensional black hole is studied and the resulting quasinormal spectrum of this three dimensional black hole is obtained. The different quasinormal frequencies are tabulated in tables and these values show an exponential damping of oscillations indicating the black hole is stable against the mass less Dirac perturbation. In General Theory of Relativity almost all solutions contain singularities. The cosmological solution and different black hole solutions of Einstein's field equation contain singularities. The regular black hole solutions are those which are solutions of Einstein's equation and have no singularity at the origin. These solutions possess event horizon but have no central singularity. Such a solution was first put forward by Bardeen. Hayward proposed a similar regular black hole solution. We have studied the thermodynamics and spectroscopy of Hay-ward regular black holes. We have also obtained the different thermodynamic properties and the area spectrum. The area spectrum is a function of the horizon radius. The entropy-heat capacity curve has a discontinuity at some value of entropy showing a phase transition.

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Resumen tomado del autor. Resumen también en inglés

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Se recoge la biografía de Albert Einstein, debido a que el año 2005 ha sido declarado Año Internacional de la Física en el que se celebra el centenario de la presentación de la Teoría de la Relatividad. También se recoge la biografía de de Pierre Teilhard de Chardin debido a la importancia para el Humanismo de este año. Se exponen las teorías más importantes de Einstein y sus reconocimientos más destacados. Se relaciona a Einstein con Teilhard de Chardin sobre todo porque Chardin se baso en la teoría de la relatividad de Einstein para desarrollar su evolución cósmica.

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Se recoge la biografía de Teilhard de Chardin, debido a su aportación a la educación y a las ciencias emergentes. Su obra al igual que la de Einstein nos enseña que el universo y la vida tienen un propósito, no son accidentales, que lo universal es siempre mejor que lo parcial, que la educación es uno de los motores principales de la evolución de la humanidad y que todo lo que se eleva converge.

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En este volumen se recogen las actas de la S??ptima Escuela de Verano de Educaci??n de Personas Adultas organizada por el Centro Regional de Personas Adultas (CREPA) y el Centro Regional de Innovaci??n y Formaci??n (CRIF) 'Las Acacias', de la Comunidad de Madrid. La celebraci??n del centenario de la teor??a de la relatividad, del cincuentenario de la muerte de Albert Einstein, y del IV centenario de la publicaci??n de El Quijote es el punto de partida de las ponencias, grupos de debate, talleres y comunicaciones llevados a cabo en este encuentro. Los trabajos est??n relacionados con la ciencia, la lengua, la literatura, las nuevas tecnolog??as, la formaci??n profesional, la interculturalidad, la psicolog??a, la educaci??n y el consumo.

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Reflexi??n sobre la concepci??n desarrollada por Albert Einstein sobre el espacio en su teor??a especial de la relatividad y sobre la gravedad en su teor??a general de la relatividad, que revoluciona las creencias tradicionales sobre el universo y funda la cosmolog??a moderna.

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Título anterior de la publicación : Boletín de la Comisión Española de la UNESCO

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T??tulo anterior de la publicaci??n : Bolet??n de la Comisi??n Espa??ola de la UNESCO

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Bibliograf??a al final de cada parte.

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En la port.: Semana de la Ciencia 2005

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Imaginem-nos que volem vendre alguna cosa a un jove: un producte, una idea o potser unes pràctiques a la nostra empresa. Com ho faríeu? Quins mètodes podríeu fer servir? Ho faríeu de la mateixa manera que ho heu fet sempre? Penseu que els vostres anuncis, textos publicitaris, llocs web o cartells encara serien vàlids? Creieu que tots els diners invertits en comunicació i màrqueting us ajudarien a assolir l’objectiu? Si la resposta a aquestes preguntes és que sí, aleshores no cal que continueu llegint. Podeu continuar comunicant-vos amb els joves com ho heu fet fins ara, perquè us funciona. Però si us passa com a tots nosaltres i reconeixeu que la comunicació amb els joves no és tan fàcil, que de vegades us sembla que no us veuen o no us senten, aleshores us convidem a continuar llegint. No pretenem oferir totes les respostes, ja que no tenim la clau dels seus cors, però sí que volem mirar d’entendre el seu comportament, la seva manera de pensar i les seves accions

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We show how to set up a constant particle ensemble for the steady state of nonequilibrium lattice-gas systems which originally are defined on a constant rate ensemble. We focus on nonequilibrium systems in which particles are created and annihilated on the sites of a lattice and described by a master equation. We consider also the case in which a quantity other than the number of particle is conserved. The conservative ensembles can be useful in the study of phase transitions and critical phenomena particularly discontinuous phase transitions.

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Levantamento da FGV/DAPP em postagens no Twitter em seis idiomas sobre a descoberta da existência de ondas gravitacionais, previstas por Einstein