El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha /

Mode of access: Internet.

Adventures of Don Quixote de la Mancha;

Mode of access: Internet.

Cervantes : homenaje a Espan̲a en el tercer centenario de la publi̲cacio̲n de "El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha" /

Mode of access: Internet.

Don Quixote de la Mancha : a revised translation based on those of Motteux, Jarvis, and Smollet : with numerous characteristic illustrations /

Mode of access: Internet.

Don Quixote de la Mancha.

"Memoirs of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra": v. 1, p. [xxxiii]-lxviii.

The history of the ingenious gentleman, Don Quixote of La Mancha;

Mode of access: Internet.

El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha /

"Esta edición ... es la primera des Quijote, en español, salida de las prensas norteamericanas."--Bius, Bibl. crit. de las obras de Cervantes, vol. 1, p. 65.

El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha.

Mode of access: Internet.

El Ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha /

"Adornada con 300 grabados intercalados, laminas suelta [s] y el retrato del autor grabado en acero."

Systemic gene expression in arabidopsis during an incompatible interaction with Alternaria brassicicola

Pathogen challenge can trigger an integrated set of signal transduction pathways, which ultimately leads to a state of high alert, otherwise known as systemic or induced resistance in tissue remote to the initial infection. Although large-scale gene expression during systemic acquired resistance, which is induced by salicylic acid or necrotizing pathogens has been previously reported using a bacterial pathogen, the nature of systemic defense responses triggered by an incompatible necrotrophic fungal pathogen is not known. We examined transcriptional changes that occur during systemic defense responses in Arabidopsis plants inoculated with the incompatible fungal pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. Substantial changes (2.00-fold and statistically significant) were demonstrated in distal tissue of inoculated plants for 35 genes (25 up-regulated and 10 down-regulated), and expression of a selected subset of systemically expressed genes was confirmed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Genes with altered expression in distal tissue included those with putative functions in cellular housekeeping, indicating that plants modify these vital processes to facilitate a coordinated response to pathogen attack. Transcriptional up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes functioning in the beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids was particularly interesting. Transcriptional up-regulation was also observed for genes involved in cell wall synthesis and modification and genes putatively involved in signal transduction. The results of this study, therefore, confirm the notion that distal tissue of a pathogen-challenged plant has a heightened preparedness for subsequent pathogen attacks.

Territorial and demographic aspects of the Networks of Protected Natural Areas of Castilla-La Mancha: 1978-2014

The Autonomous Region of Castilla-La Mancha develops from the approval of the Spanish Constitution a whole executive and legislative branch to implement its policies on environmental protection. The new legislation (Law 9/1999, of 26 May) has pursued the conservation and the integral protection of the natural elements of the territory demanding to new criteria as such the environmental quality of ecosystems or the exceptional landscape. The spread and the declaration of new natural spaces have caused a double geographical and territorial model. First, natural spaces located in rural mountainous areas with depopulation and aging problems. And second, natural spaces situated in areas densely populated

Una mujer libre en Don Quijote de la Mancha : Libertad, opresión y rebelión en la historia de Marcela y Grisóstomo - un análisis del feminismo

Esta tesina tiene como objetivo considerar la historia de Marcela y Grisóstomo desde una perspectiva feminista en la obra de Miguel de Cervantes El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha. La investigación se enfocará en la situación de Marcela y su voluntad de poder decidir sobre su propia vida y su destino. Como ayuda a nuestra investigación nos apoyaremos en reconocidos teóricos literarios feministas que nos ayudarán a analizar la imagen estereotipada de la mujer, entre ellos Simone de Beauvoir. El objetivo de nuestro estudio ha sido investigar el personaje de Marcela y la visión estereotipada de la mujer en ese momento concreto, y buscar la respuesta al porqué de su manera de actuar. En el trabajo también hemos querido investigar si Marcela fue una víctima de la visión patriarcal existente y si se deja regir por las normas y expectativas de la sociedad de su época. Como resultado de nuestra investigación podremos afirmar que Marcela sí fue una víctima del sistema patriarcal y, pese a no ser un ejemplo representativo de la imagen de la mujer en aquel momento, fue juzgada por los hombres y por la sociedad. También hemos podido demostrar cómo los hombres y la sociedad reaccionaron durante esa época a la elección de Marcela

Alternaria Spores in the Air Across Europe: Abundance, Seasonality and Relationships with Climate, Meteorology and Local Environment

We explored the temporal and spatial variations in airborne Alternaria spore quantitative and phenological features in Europe using 23 sites with annual time series between 3 and 15 years. The study covers seven countries and four of the main biogeographical regions in Europe. The observations were obtained with Hirst-type spore traps providing time series with daily records. Site locations extend from Spain in the south to Denmark in the north and from England in the West to Poland in the East. The study is therefore the largest assessment ever carried out for Europe concerning Alternaria. Aerobiological data were investigated for temporal and spatial patterns in their start and peak season dates and their spore indices. Moreover, the effects of climate were checked using meteorological data for the same period, using a crop growth model. We found that local climate, vegetation patterns and management of landscape are governing parameters for the overall spore concentration, while the annual variations caused by weather are of secondary importance but should not be neglected. The start of the Alternaria spore season varies by several months in Europe, but the peak of the season is more synchronised in central northern Europe in the middle of the summer, while many southern sites have peak dates either earlier or later than northern Europe. The use of a crop growth model to explain the start and peak of season suggests that such methods could be useful to describe Alternaria seasonality in areas with no available observations.

Field Evaluation of a Competitive Lateral-flow Assay for Detection of Alternaria brassicae in Vegetable Brassica Crops

On-site detection of inoculum of polycyclic plant pathogens could potentially contribute to management of disease outbreaks. A 6-min, in-field competitive immunochromatographic lateral flow device (CLFD) assay was developed for detection of Alternaria brassicae (the cause of dark leaf spot in brassica crops) in air sampled above the crop canopy. Visual recording of the test result by eye provides a detection threshold of approximately 50 dark leaf spot conidia. Assessment using a portable reader improved test sensitivity. In combination with a weather-driven infection model, CLFD assays were evaluated as part of an in-field risk assessment to identify periods when brassica crops were at risk from A. brassicae infection. The weather-driven model overpredicted A. brassicae infection. An automated 7-day multivial cyclone air sampler combined with a daily in-field CLFD assay detected A. brassicae conidia air samples from above the crops. Integration of information from an in-field detection system (CLFD) with weather-driven mathematical models predicting pathogen infection have the potential for use within disease management systems.

FIELD TOLERANCE OF SELECTED VARIETIES TO AND FUNGICIDE EFFICACY AGAINST ALTERNARIA BLIGHT OF SWEET POTATO

Alternaria blight (AB) of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L. ), caused by Alternaria spp., was recently reported in South Africa, but is common in southern and eastern Africa. Elsewhere in the world, AB is controlled primarily using resistant varieties. Twenty-five sweet potato varieties/breeding lines, from different origins were assessed for tolerance to AB. The materials were planted in fields having a history of AB disease and rated for tolerance based on a General Disease Index (GDI), with the lowest scores representing tolerance, and the higher scores representing susceptibility. Variety 199062-1 had the lowest GDI value, and was the most tolerant to AB; while W119 had the highest GDI value and was the most susceptible to the disease. Other varieties/breeding lines showed a variation in GDI values between most tolerant and most susceptible. Among the fungicides tested under field conditions, the mixture azoxystrobin-difenoconazole was the most effective in reducing AB intensity. Fungicides pyraclostrobin-boscalid, unizeb, azoxystrobin-chlorothalonil and cymoxanil-mancozeb were also effective against the disease.