972 resultados para hexamethonium bromide


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Echovirus (Echo) 30 or human enterovirus B is the most frequent enterovirus associated with meningitis cases. Epidemics and outbreaks of this disease caused by Echo 30 have occurred in several countries. In Brazil, Echo 30 has been isolated from sporadic cases and outbreaks that occurred mainly in the south and southeast regions. We used RT-PCR to examine Echo 30 isolates from meningitis cases detected from March 2002 to December 2003 in Belém, state of Pará, in northern Brazil. The patients were attended in a Basic Health Unit (State Health Secretary of Pará), where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected and stored in liquid nitrogen. Weekly visits were made by technicians from Evandro Chagas Institute to the health unit and samples were stored at -70ºC in the laboratory until use. HEp-2 and RD cell lines were used for viral isolation and neutralization with specific antisera for viral identification. RNA extraction was made using Trizol reagent. The RT-PCR was made in one step, and the total mixture (50 µL) was composed of: RNA, reaction buffer, dNTP, primers, Rnase inhibitor, reverse transcriptase, Taq polymerase and water. The products were visualized in agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide, visualized under UV light. Among the 279 CSF samples examined, 30 (10.7%) were EV positive, 29 being Echo 30 and one was Cox B. Nineteen Echo 30 were examined with RT-PCR; 18 tested positive (762 and 494 base pairs). The use of this technique permitted viral identification in less time than usual, which benefits the patient and is of importance for public-health interventions.

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Este estudo avalia a intercalação de esmectita dioctahédrica do Estado Acre com o sal quaternário de amônio brometo de hexadeciltrimetilamônio (HDTMA) em concentrações compreendidas entre 1 a 5 vezes ao valor de CTC da argila original e sua aplicabilidade na adsorção de fenol e benzeno em fase líquida. Os materiais foram caracterizados por microanálises de difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura/espectroscopia com dispersão de energia e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho. Os processos de adsorção foram realizados em sistemas simples e as medidas das concentrações do fenol e benzeno foram efetuadas por espectrofotometria na região ultravioleta. Os resultados indicaram que a intercalação da esmectita com HDTMA propiciou cerca de 78,8% de expansão (variação de d001: 1,47 nm para 1,91 nm) e decréscimo acentuado dos elementos das posições interlamelares, como Na, Ca, Mg e K, acompanhado pela delaminação/esfoliação da argila original. Nos processos de adsorção do fenol e benzeno em HDTMA-arg 5 foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: qMax= 4,44 e 35,8 mg.g-1; KL= 0,076 e 0,115 L.g-1; ΔGº = -16,85 e -18,38 kJ.mol-1, respectivamente. Estes dados indicaram que os processos de adsorção do benzeno e fenol em fase líquida na organoargila HDTMA-arg 5 foram favoráveis, espontâneos e com interações físicas.

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The present study applied the comet assay to erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus with the aim of improving protocols to detect DNA damage in these cells, by using two distinct pHs (pH = 12.1 and pH > 13) and evaluating whether there is a correspondence between silver and ethidium bromide staining. Comets were visually examined and, the frequency of cells with and without damage was obtained, as well as the distribution of classes and scores. By using the Kruskal-Wallis test, our results revealed that pH 12.1 is more effective, although both pHs can be used. Our findings also suggest that silver staining can substitute ethidium bromide, an expensive and highly toxic stain that requires specific equipment for examination.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

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Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

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The compounds 6-dimethylaminopurine and cycloheximide promote the successful production of cloned mammals and have been used in the development of embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer. This study investigated the effects of 6-dimethylaminopurine and cycloheximide in vitro, using the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay to assess cytotoxicity, the trypan blue exclusion assay to assess cell viability, the comet assay to assess genotoxicity, and the micronucleus test with cytokinesis block to test mutagenicity. In addition, the comet assay and the micronucleus test were also performed on peripheral blood cells of 54 male Swiss mice, 35 g each, to assess the effects of the compounds in vivo. The results indicated that both 6-dimethylaminopurine and cycloheximide, at the concentrations and doses tested, were cytotoxic in vitro and genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro and in vivo, altered the nuclear division index in vitro, but did not diminish cell viability in vitro. Considering that alterations in DNA play important roles in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and morphofunctional teratogenesis and reduce embryonic viability, this study indicated that 6-dimethylaminopurine and cycloheximide utilized in the process of mammalian cloning may be responsible for the low embryo viability commonly seen in nuclear transfer after implantation in utero.

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Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB