722 resultados para Varetas combustíveis
Resumo:
This research has as main objective the analysis of the auto industry has done to reduce disposal of solid waste in its production process as much as to facilitate the recycling of cars after they complete their life cycle. Despite the auto industry is not one of the most polluting in terms of its production process, it produces a good that is causing major pollution. In despite of the great current concern in seeking to reduce the emissions of pollutants by vehicles, as important as the quest for cleaner fuels is the study of how to dispose of old cars. Even if the car production does not increase significantly each year in relative terms, we must consider the fleet of used cars that still circulates in the world. Ending the mammoth “cemeteries” of automobiles, however, it is not so easy, even because the car is composed of various materials, which in many cases are not easily separable. In addition to an overview, the research seeks to examine the possible advances in Brazil related to the process of auto recycling
Resumo:
The increase in the oil price and the current trend of using renewable raw materials for the production of chemicals renew the interest in the production of biobutanol that, produced by fermentation of agricultural raw materials, can be used as a component of gasoline and diesel. With the commercialization of new fuels, environmental damages due to spills can occur. Among other techniques, the clean-up of these contaminated areas can be achieved with bioremediation, a technique based on the action of microorganisms, which has the advantage of turning hazardous contaminants into non toxic substances such as CO2, water and biomass. Thus, bearing in mind the use of biobutanol in the near future as a gasoline extender and due to the lack of knowledge of the effects of butanol on the biodegradation of gasoline, this work aimed to assess the aerobic biodegradation of butanol/gasoline blends and butanol/diesel (20% v/v), being the latter compared to the ethanol/gasoline blend and biodiesel/diesel (20% v/v), respectively. Two experimental techniques were employed, namely the respirometric method and the redox indicator 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) test. In the former, experiments simulating the contamination of natural environments were carried out in biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production. The DCPIP test assessed the capability of four inocula to biodegrade the fuel blends. In butanol/gasoline experiments the addition of the alcohols to the gasoline resulted in positive synergic effects on the biodegradation of the fuels in soil and...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo:
L’audit, c’est un outil de gestion très important pour que les organisations puissent accomplir la réussite. Selon le fait qu’il n’y a pas des modèles d’aide à l’audit, il existe une opportunité de recherche. En considerant les Méthodes d’Aide à la Décision, il y a des plusieurs type d’applications. L’objectif de la recherche c’est la proposition d’un modèle capable de sélectionner des processus pour faire l’audit dans une distributeur de carburant en considerant la prise de décision en groupe. La modélisation normative empirique c’est la méthode de recherche utilisée. Un modèle qui utilise l’Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) et la prise de décision en groupe a été proposé face aux difficultés d’un département d’Audit Interne. Le modèle proposé présente les poids des processus et permet leur priorisations dans un scénario determiné. Pour l’application de ce modèle présenté, on a utilisé cinq critères et 26 alternative (processus). L’information de jugement a été bien founi par trois spécialistes du département. Quelques rendez-vous avec les participants ont été pris pour obtenir et réviser les donnés ainsi que discuter les résultats. Les résultats obtenus par le modèle permettent d’identifier les processus qu’il faut plus d’attention. L’équipe a considéré le modèle comme une proposition d’aide à la prise de décision très pertinent pour le département d’Audit Interne
Resumo:
Geophysics studies in areas impacted by petroleum derivatives describe abnormalities of both low and high electrical resistivity (the opposite of electrical conductivity), confirmed as contaminant phase by chemical analysis: this contradiction can be explained by degrading processes that naturally occur and create sub products that can change the environment conductivity. Monitoring the variation of the parameters mentioned serves as a comparative basis to the variation in geoelectrical parameters, which identified the correlation between the same contaminant parameters and the difference between their behavior studied apart, as well as its relations with the biodegradation process. The results are applied to the fuel distribution and storage sectors, leading to the diagnosis and monitoring of possible groundwater contamination scenarios, and the knowledge of the area exposure time to the contaminant, besides the better remediation alternative and impacts control. Among some conclusions, the most significant are the decrease in conductivity over time, so as the increase in Eh value in the gasoline contaminated tank, as well as the decrease in the pH value in the second tank with ethanol, which can be attributed to its degradation. Comparing the variations in both tanks, it is evident that Eh, pH and electrical conductivity do not behave temporally in a similar way, although some correlations between Eh and pH can be related.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV
Resumo:
Inúmeros são os trabalhos versando sobre a contaminação de águas e solos por metais potencialmente tóxicos, ou metais pesados. O destaque sempre é dado para chumbo, mercúrio e, mais recentemente, cádmio que, também é, comprovadamente, carcinogênico. Em contrapartida, estudos sobre a toxicidade do manganês são raros devido, provavelmente, ao fato do mesmo ser um metal essencial à vida. Porém, absorvido em doses elevadas pelo organismo, pode provocar uma série de patologias e disfunções, algumas muito graves como déficit intelectual. Nesse trabalho procurou-se avaliar a concentração de manganês em amostras de solos cultivados e não cultivados de várias regiões do Estado de São Paulo. Surpreendentemente, algumas dessas amostras apresentaram teores até cinco vezes mais elevados do que o limite estabelecido como alto pelo Governo do Estado de São Paulo (que é de 5 mg/dm³). A provável fonte desse excesso reside na liberação de produtos de combustão e/ou na forma de aditivos aos combustíveis.
Resumo:
The automobile industry is increasingly interested in reducing vehicle weight for greater speed, lower fuel consumption and emissions, through innovation of materials and processes. One way to do this is to seek the replacement of conventional processes by the use of structural adhesives. Structural adhesives are highly resistant materials, which can replace rivets, bolts and welds allowing the substrate / adhesive assemble is stronger than the substrate itself. One of the major advantages of gluing with respect to welding is its esthetic appearance, since it does not leave marks. For this reason, parts to be soldered require a minimum thickness so that the marks do not appear, since the pieces from gluing have no restriction as to the thickness. By replacing the vibration welding process for gluing process of the instrument panel parts of an automobile, one obtains a reduction of the thickness of the parts and therefore it decreases the weight of the car. This work aims to study the various structural adhesives that already exist on the market to be applied on the instrument panel. The mechanical test performed to measure the maximum adhesive strength was the Lap Shear Test at 23°C (room temperature), -35°C and 85°C. The types of adhesives used were the hot-melt and the bi-component. By the results obtained, it is in favor using the bi-component for application to the union of instrument panel parts
Resumo:
This work aims the design and analysis of a thrust frame system for a liquid fuel rocket engine. The project was developed following the design requirements established by the Division of Space Propulsion of the Institute of Aeronautics and Space. The layout of the structure was developed with the aid of a software of 3D modeling and static and dynamic analysis were performed by using a finite element package. The results of the analyzes helped in defining the layout of the structure which met all design requirements. The safety factor and the mass achieved were comfortably low, which may be useful in the future because the liquid fuel rocket engine is still in development
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
Resumo:
Com 27 trabalhos produzidos por pesquisadores do Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (Bioen), da Unesp, este livro oferece uma ampla visão sobre as áreas que compõem o segmento. Seu principal objetivo é contribuir para melhorar a compreensão dos vários aspectos da bioenergia, em especial no Brasil, que figura entre os países com maior nível de desenvolvimento tecnológico no setor. Os artigos abordam uma série abrangente de questões relacionadas à bioenergia, como a construção genética das plantas de cana-de-açúcar visando ao aumento de produtividade, a disseminação de sementes para estimular a propagação de espécies com potencial energético, etapas de produção de bioenergia, usos do combustível e seus efeitos nos diversos tipos de motores. Agrupados por assunto, os textos estão distribuídos em cinco partes: Biomassa para bioenergia; Produção de biocombustíveis; Utilização de bioenergia; Biorrefinaria, alcoolquímica e oleoquímica e Sustentabilidade dos biocombustíveis.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE