Student notes from medical lectures by Benjamin Rush, undated

The volumes contain student notes on a course of medical lectures given by Dr. Benjamin Rush (1746-1813) while he was Professor of the Institutes of Medicine and Clinical Practice at the University of Pennsylvania Medical School, likely in circa 1800-1813. The notes indicate Rush often referenced the works or teachings of contemporaries such as Scottish physicians William Cullen, John Brown, John Gregory, and Robert Whytt, and Dutch physician Herman Boerhaave. He frequently included anecdotes and case histories of his own patients, as well as those of other doctors, to illustrate his lecture topics. He also advised students to take notes on the lectures after they ended to allow them to focus on what they were hearing. Volume 1 includes notes on: physician conduct during visits to patients; human and animal physiology; voice and speech; the nervous system; the five senses; and faculties of the mind. Volume 2 includes notes on: food, the sources of appetite and thirst, and digestion; the lymphatic system; secretions; excretions; theories of nutrition; differences in the minds and bodies of women and men; reproduction; pathology; a table outlining the stages of disease production; “disease and the origin of moral and natural evil”; contagions; the role of food, drink, and clothing in producing disease; worms; hereditary diseases; predisposition to diseases; proximate causes of diseases; and pulmonary conditions. Volume 3 includes notes on: the pulse; therapeutics, such as emetics, sedatives, and digitalis, and treatment of various illnesses like pulmonary consumption, kidney disease, palsy, and rheumatism; diagnosis and prognosis of fever; treatment of intermitting fever; and epidemics including plague, smallpox, and yellow fever, with an emphasis on the yellow fever outbreaks in Philadelphia in 1793 and 1797.

The complete bread, cake, and cracker baker : in two parts.

Publisher's advertisements at end.

Narrazione delle solenni reali feste : fatte celebrare in Napoli da Sua Maestà il re delle Due Sicilie Carlo infante di Spagna, duca di Parma, Piacenza &c. &c. per la nascita del suo primogenito Filippo real principe delle Due Sicilie.

The plates depict floor plans of the Palazzo reale and of the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, a vertical cross section of the Palazzo reale; interior decoration of the Teatro di San Carlo; most plates depict festivities taking place in the decorated interiors of the theater and the royal palace, including a masquerade at the royal palace, the stage scenery and a scene from the opera "Il sogno di Olimpia" by Ranieri de Calzabigi, which was performed at the Teatro di San Carlo; a view of the illuminated Castello Nuovo in Naples, the fireworks installation at the Piazza del Castello Nuovo, and a floorplan of the fire works installation. Plate XI depicts the mythical land of plenty "Cuccagna", arranged as a landscaped hill with an architectural grotto, richly decorated with food and drink, which was offered as part of the festivities to the common people. Most plates have a detailed legend in the lower margin.

Realities and ideals; social, political, literary and artistic.

Partly republished from various sources.

A ministry of twenty years in Ann Arbor, Michigan : sermons and pamphlets /

V. 2. A ministry of fifteen years ... -- The door of new opportunity ... -- Two sermons -- Rev. B. Fay Mills and the State University -- Who are saved? -- Concerning prayer -- Religious insincerity -- Robert Ingersoll -- Thomas Paine -- Talmage as a sign ... -- Ralph Waldo Emerson -- Need a traveller drink wine? -- Christian missions in India -- Dr. Winchell's "preadamites" -- The Bible / Eliza R. Sunderland -- Miracles / Eliza R. Sunderland -- God / E.R. Sunderland -- Thomas Hill Green / by Eliza R. Sunderland -- Dr. Martineau's "Study of religion" / Eliza R. Sunderland -- Hon. James M. Ashley.

Scotland of to-day,

The evolution of the Scot.--The kirk and its story.--Education in school and college.--The law and the lawyers.--Architecture, ecclesiastical and other.--Painting and painters.--Literature.--"Edina, Scotia's darling seat."--The kingdom of Fife.--In Lothian fields.--The Lothian shore.--The city of St. Mungo.--The Clyde.--Burns and the Burns country.--The legend of the Covenant.--Yarrow and Traquair.--The Border and the Solway.--Stirling and Perth.--Dundee.--The Granite city.--A highland survey.--A note on Caithness.--Round the islands.--Sports and pastimes.--Music, old and new.--Scots food.--Scots drink.--Scots wit and humour.--The Scot abroad and the stranger in Scotland.

Tech songs : the M.I.T. kommers book /

For 1-4 men's voices with and without piano acc.

Brewery highlights.

Mode of access: Internet.

Mr. Dooley on making a will and other necessary evils /

On making a will -- Famous men -- At a summer resort -- Drink and politics -- On home life -- On food in war -- On old age -- On the power of music -- On the descent of man -- On the higher baseball -- On heros and history -- On going to see the doctor -- On "the gift of oratory" -- On golf -- On "the game of cards" -- On the Orange Revolution of 1914 -- On St. Patrick's Day -- On past glories -- On criminal trials.

Leukocyte subset responses during exercise under heat stress with carbohydrate or water intake

Purpose: This study investigated leukocyte subset responses to moderate-intensity exercise under heat stress, with water (W) or carbohydrate (CHO) drink ingestion. Methods: In repeated trials, 13 soldiers consumed either a W or CHO drink during 3 h of walking at 4.4 km center dot h(-1) with a 5% gradient (15 min rest per hour) under heat stress (35 C and 55% relative humidity). The soldiers wore combat uniforms and carried water bottles and dummy rifles and ammunition, altogether weighing about 11.5 +/- 1.0 kg. Results: Plasma glucose concentration was significantly higher with CHO than W ingestion during exercise (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between W and CHO conditions in exercise performance, plasma cortisol concentration, heart rate, or core temperature. CHO ingestion significantly moderated the increases in leukocyte (83% in W, 28% in CHO; p < 0.001), monocyte (60% in W, 34% in CHO; p < 0.05), and granulocyte counts (120% in W, 30% in CHO; p < 0.001), but not in lymphocyte count (41% in W, 25% in CHO). Conclusions: The increases in leukocyte and subset counts during moderate-intensity exercise under heat stress may be comparable to those observed during intense exercise in cool conditions. The response of immune cell counts is blunted by CHO intake during moderate-intensity exercise in the heat, and may not occur through the cortisol pathway.

Carbohydrate supplementation and alterations in neutrophils, and plasma cortisol and myoglobin concentration after intense exercise

The present study examined the effect of carbohydrate supplementation on changes in neutrophil counts, and the plasma concentrations of cortisol and myoglobin after intense exercise. Eight well-trained male runners ran on a treadmill for 1 h at 85% maximal oxygen uptake on two separate occasions. In a double-blind cross-over design, subjects consumed either 750 ml of a 10% carbohydrate (CHO) drink or a placebo drink on each occasion. The order of the trials was counterbalanced. Blood was drawn immediately before and after exercise, and I h after exercise. Immediately after exercise, neutrophil counts (CHO, 49%; placebo, 65%; P < 0.05), plasma concentrations of glucose (CHO, 43%; P

Will the new CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR-147778 have advantages over rimonabant?

Obesity and alcoholism are two common modern-day diseases. The cannabinoid CB, receptor antagonist rimonabant is in Phase III clinical trial for the treatment of obesity with preliminary results showing that it decreases appetite and body weight. Animal studies have shown that rimonabant is effective in the treatment of alcoholism. SR-147778 is a new potent and selective CB1 receptor antagonist. In animals, SR-147778 has been shown to inhibit CB1 receptor-mediated hypothermia, analgesia and slowing of gastrointestinal transit. In rats trained to drink sucrose, the oral administration of SR-147778 3 mg/kg, before the presentation of sucrose, decreased the consumption of sucrose. SR-147778 3 mg/kg also reduced spontaneous feeding in rats deprived of food and also in non-deprived rats. In Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats, in the alcohol-naive state, SR-147778 slowed the development of a preference for alcohol. in alcohol-experienced sP rats SR-147778 (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg p.o.) reduced the alcohol intake. When alcohol-experienced sP rats are deprived of alcohol for 15 days, there is a large intake of alcohol on reintroduction of alcohol, and this response was almost abolished by treatment with SR-147778. From the preclinical studies published to date, there is no obvious major point of difference between rimonabant and SR-147778, and both are promising agents for the treatment of obesity and alcoholism.

Caffeine, cognition, and persuasion: Evidence for caffeine increasing the systematic processing of persuasive messages

Caffeine is known to increase arousal, attention, and information processing-all factors implicated in facilitating persuasion. In a standard attitude-change paradigm, participants consumed an orange-juice drink that either contained caffeine (3.5 mg/kg body weight) or did not (placebo) prior to reading a counterattitudinal communication (anti-voluntary euthanasia). Participants then completed a thought-listing task and a number of attitude scales. The first experiment showed that those who consumed caffeine showed greater agreement with the communication (direct attitude: voluntary euthanasia) and on an issue related to, but not contained in, the communication (indirect attitude: abortion). The order in which direct and indirect attitudes were measured did not affect the results. A second experiment manipulated the quality of the arguments in the message (strong vs. weak) to determine whether systematic processing had occurred. There was evidence that systematic processing occurred in both drink conditions, but was greater for those who had consumed caffeine. In both experiments, the amount of message-congruent thinking mediated persuasion. These results show that caffeine can increase the extent to which people systematically process and are influenced by a persuasive communication.

Alcohol use and risk taking among regular ecstasy users

We examine alcohol use in conjunction with ecstasy use and risk-taking behaviors among regular ecstasy users in every capital city in Australia. Data on drug use and risks were collected in 2004 from a national sample of 852 regular ecstasy users (persons who had used ecstasy at least monthly in the preceding 6 months). Users were grouped according to their typical alcohol use when using ecstasy: no use, consumption of between one and five standard drinks, and consumption of more than five drinks (binge alcohol use). The sample was young, well educated, and mainly working or studying. Approximately two thirds (65%) of the regular ecstasy users reported drinking alcohol when taking ecstasy. Of these, 69% reported usually consuming more than five standard drinks. Those who did not drink alcohol were more disadvantaged, with greater levels of unemployment, less education, higher rates of drug user treatment, and prison history. They were also more likely than those who drank alcohol when using ecstasy to be drug injectors and to be hepatitis C positive. Excluding alcohol, drug use patterns were similar between groups, although the no alcohol group used cannabis and methamphetamine more frequently. Binge drinkers were more likely to report having had three or more sexual partners in the past 6 months and were less likely to report having safe sex with casual partners while under the influence of drugs. Despite some evidence that the no alcohol group were more entrenched drug users, those who typically drank alcohol when taking ecstasy were as likely to report risks and problems associated with their drug use. It appears that regular ecstasy users who binge drink are placing themselves at increased sexual risk when under the influence of drugs. Safe sex messages should address the sexual risk associated with substance use and should be tailored to reducing alcohol consumption, particularly targeting heavy alcohol users. The study's limitations are noted.