Seasonal variation in month of diagnosis in children with type 1 diabetes registered in 23 European centers during 1989-2008: little short-term influence of sunshine hours or average temperature

BACKGROUND: The month of diagnosis in childhood type 1 diabetes shows seasonal variation.

OBJECTIVE: We describe the pattern and investigate if year-to-year irregularities are associated with meteorological factors using data from 50 000 children diagnosed under the age of 15 yr in 23 population-based European registries during 1989-2008.

METHODS: Tests for seasonal variation in monthly counts aggregated over the 20 yr period were performed. Time series regression was used to investigate if sunshine hour and average temperature data were predictive of the 240 monthly diagnosis counts after taking account of seasonality and long term trends.

RESULTS: Significant sinusoidal pattern was evident in all but two small centers with peaks in November to February and relative amplitudes ranging from ±11 to ±38% (median ±17%). However, most centers showed significant departures from a sinusoidal pattern. Pooling results over centers, there was significant seasonal variation in each age-group at diagnosis, with least seasonal variation in those under 5 yr. Boys showed greater seasonal variation than girls, particularly those aged 10-14 yr. There were no differences in seasonal pattern between four 5-yr sub-periods. Departures from the sinusoidal trend in monthly diagnoses in the period were significantly associated with deviations from the norm in average temperature (0.8% reduction in diagnoses per 1 °C excess) but not with sunshine hours.

CONCLUSIONS: Seasonality was consistently apparent throughout the period in all age-groups and both sexes, but girls and the under 5 s showed less marked variation. Neither sunshine hour nor average temperature data contributed in any substantial way to explaining departures from the sinusoidal pattern.

Los Sionas y Secoyas: Su adaptación al ambiente amazónico

Este libro se basa en una investigación de campo entre los indfgenas Sionas y Secoyas del nororiente ecuatoriano en los aflos 1973 a 1975, y mi disertación docoral de 1976. Sin embargo, el presente texto ha sido aumentado con secciones nuevas, muchas correcciones y nuevas identificaciones de plantas y animales. Este libro no es solamente una descripción etnográfica de los Sionas y Secoyas, sino un estudio de su adaptación al medio ambiente de la floresa tropical y los ríos amazónicos. Se presentó información etnogáfica, pero siempre dentro de la estructura teórica de la ecologfa humana. A veces los datos presentados son muy técnicos (p. e., calorfas, tipos de suelos y los nombres cientfficos de la flora y la fauna). Espero que este aspecto no desanime a mis lectores. Los datos cientfficos revelan y documentan el conocimiento intimo elaborado del indígena acerca de la selva, y su adapación compleja a este ambierte.

Evaluación temporal del uso actual del suelo del Bosque Protector Aguarongo y sus áreas colindantes. Área de estudio : Parroquias Santa Ana, San Bartolomé y Zhidmad

Se evaluó el uso actual del suelo, mediante la creación de mapas de uso/cobertura y capacidad de acogida; la problemática consiste en el crecimiento agropecuario; se validó esta información obteniendo que la expansión agropecuaria y las actividades antrópicas, aportan a la fragmentación del hábitat del bosque en detrimento de la biodiversidad existente.

Análisis de la evolución de la gestión, uso y cobertura vegetal del suelo del Bosque Protector Aguarongo y sectores colindantes, área de estudio : San Juan y Jadán

Esta investigación se enfoca en encontrar datos históricos en cuanto a la gestión, uso y cobertura del suelo en el Bosque Protector Aguarongo, en lo que se refiere a técnicas, tecnologías y tradiciones ancestrales de la gestión del suelo. Utilizando como metodología la investigación bibliográfica, así como la observación in situ, la ejecución de encuestas a los usuarios del bosque y la aplicación de sistemas de información geográfica para la obtención de mapas temáticos.

Assessing the combined effect of land management and wildfire on runoff and soil erosion in north central Portugal

Strong and sometimes extreme responses in runoff and soil erosion following wildfires have been reported worldwide. However, in the case of North-Central Portugal, little research had been carried out regarding the hydrologic and erosive impacts of several land management activities in recently burnt areas (such as ground preparation, post-fire logging or post-fire mitigation treatments). This study aims to assess post-fire runoff and soil erosion response on Eucalypt and Maritime pine plantations during the first, second and third years following wildfires. The effect of several pre-fire ground preparation operations (ploughed down-slope, contour ploughed and inclined terraces), post-fire logging activities (on both the eucalypt and pine plantations), as well as the application of hydromulch (a post-fire emergency treatment) on overland flow and soil erosion were compared to burnt but undisturbed and untreated areas. The intensive monitoring of runoff, soil erosion and selected soil properties served to determine the main factors involved in post-fire runoff and soil erosion and their spatial and temporal variation. Soil water repellency deserved special attention, due to its supposed important role for overland flow generation. Repeated rainfall simulation experiments (RSE’s), micro-scale runoff plots and bounded sediment fences were carried out and/or installed immediately after the wildfire on seven burnt slopes. Micro-scale runoff plots results under natural rainfall conditions were also compared to the RSE’s results, which was useful for assessing the representativeness of the data obtained with artificial rainfall. The results showed comparable runoff coefficient (20-60%) but lower sediment losses (125-1000 g m-2) than prior studies in Portugal, but especially outside Portugal. Lower sediment losses were related with the historic intensive land use in the area. In evaluating these losses, however, the shallowness and stoniness of the soils, as well as the high organic matter fraction of the eroded sediments (50%) must not be overlooked. Sediment limited erosion was measured in all the ploughed sites, probably due to the time since ploughing (several years). The disturbance of the soil surface cover due to post-fire logging and wood extraction substantially increased sediment losses at both the pine and eucalypt sites. Hydromulch effectiveness in reducing the runoff (70%) and sediment losses (83%) was attributed to the protective high coverage provided by hydromulch. The hydromulch significantly affected the soil cover and other soil properties and these changes also reduced the soil erosion risk. The rainfall amount was the main factor explaining the variance in runoff. However, a shift from rainfall amount to rainfall intensity was detected when either the surface cover or the infiltration capacity (hydrophilic conditions) increased. Sediment losses were controlled by rainfall intensity and surface cover. The role of soil water repellency on runoff generation was not consistent; the overall repellency levels alone were not enough to assess its hydrological impact. Soil water repellency explained runoff generation in the specific-sites model better than in the overall model. Additionally, soil moisture content was a better predictor for soil water repellency than antecedent rainfall. The natural rainfall results confirmed that RSE’s were able to capture the specific sediment losses and its organic matter content as well as the differences between the ploughed and unploughed sites. Repeated RSE’s also captured the seasonal variations in runoff and sediment losses attributed to soil water repellency. These results have implications for post-fire soil erosion modelling and soil conservation practices in the region, or areas with the same land use, climate and soil characteristics. The measured sediment loss, as well as the increasing frequency of ploughing in recently burnt and unburnt eucalypt stands, suggests ploughing is not an effective as a soil conservation measure. Logging activities with less impact are recommended in order to maintain the forest litter protecting the soil surface. Due to its high effectiveness in reducing runoff and soil erosion, hydromulch is recommended for highly sensitive and vulnerable areas.

Efecto de la interacción leguminosa-materia orgánica sobre las características nutricionales del suelo.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias en Producción Agrícola) UANL

Inoculación de Vicia villosa R (Veza) y Melilotus alba M (Trébol dulce) con cepas de Rhizobium y su efecto como abonos verdes en la fertilización del suelo

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Manifestaciones de hidrocarburos en ambiente deltáico, de la formación San Miguel en la subcuenca Fuentes Río Escondido, noreste de México

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Geológicas) UANL

Comparación de métodos de laboreo del suelo en sistemas de rotación con maíz (Zea mays L.) y Sorgo (Sorghum bicolor M.) y su efecto sobre el rendimiento de grano, en Padilla, Tamaulipas

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Especialista en Producción Agrícola) UANL

Uso de técnicas isotópicas de 15 N aplicadas al estudio de la fijación biológica de nitrógeno en el cultivo de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) en La Comarca Lagunera, México

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

La respuesta de anticuerpos anti-proteínas intracelulares de actinomicetos productores de micetoma en animales infectados o inmunizados

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Inmunología) UANL

Bacillus thuringiensis como un habitante del suelo

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con especialidad en Microbiología) U.A.N.L. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas

Comparación hematológica de dos poblaciones de perrito de las praderas (Cynomys mexicanus, Merriam, 1892) en el Altiplano Mexicano

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Manejo de Vida Silvestre) U.A.N.L.

Efecto de quemas prescritas en el escurrimiento del suelo en un rodal de Pinus arizonica Engelm. en Madera, Chih. [por] Héctor Eligio Alanís Morales

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) U.A.N.L.

Hongos micorrícicos vesículo arbusculares (VA) en fragmentos de matorral sensu lato de los municipios de Linares y Hualahuises, Nuevo León por Gustavo Alonso López Zepeda

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) U.A.N.L.