Novo Software para análise do epitélio nasal humano

A discinesia ciliar primária (DCP) resulta de disfunção ciliar no ser humano, estando associada a um conjunto de sintomas muito diversificados. É uma doença respiratória rara caracterizada por infecções respiratórias, situs inversus, infertilidade e hidrocefalia. Em Portugal não existe nenhum centro de diagnóstico da doença. Mas a inten-ção de criar um surgiu, seguindo o método de centros de diagnóstico para DCP utilizado noutros países. Este diagnóstico consiste em recolher amostras dos cílios do nariz, através do método de escovagem nasal e obter a gravação do batimento das células ciliadas por uma câmara de alta velocidade acoplada a um microscópio com objectivas de alta resolução. É possível estudar a DCP através da análise do comportamento físico dos cílios, e, para uma melhor abordagem, foi desenvolvido um programa executável, em C#, para análise destas amostras. Este, após a escolha de uma zona de interesse da sequência de imagens pelo utilizador (ROI), detecta as frequências do bati-mento ciliar, indicando uma lista com as percentagens das frequências obtidas e cria um mapa de frequências do ROI. A ferramenta permite ainda calcular o comprimento do cílio e realizar um estudo do movimento do mesmo, algo que ainda não foi abordado por outros programas. O código desenvolvido permitirá, assim, obter um diagnóstico de DCP em Por-tugal, rápido e nalguns casos com um melhor desempenho do que a inspecção visual seguida noutros centros de diagnóstico.

Plataforma online de partilha e comparação de software para análise de imagens da retina

Nesta Tese foi desenvolvida uma plataforma online multiutilizador, que tem como objetivo principal comparar algoritmos de análise de imagens para de-terminar o seu grau de eficácia. Um exemplo de aplicação é a comparação de algoritmos de análise de imagens da retina para deteção de drusas. A compa-ração é feita considerando um dos algoritmos como referência padrão e sobre o este são avaliados os restantes. O funcionamento da plataforma é semelhante à de um fórum, onde é possível a um utilizador criar tópicos publicando imagens e seu descritivo. Após a cria-ção do tópico qualquer utilizador pode visualizar o mesmo, dando a hipótese de comentar ou de acrescentar imagens processadas com os seus próprios al-goritmos de análise. Com o aumento de imagens processadas, obtém-se uma base de dados de algoritmos de análise de imagens sobre a qual é possível avaliar o seu grau de eficácia. A plataforma pretende também criar comunidades onde os utilizadores pos-sam interagir uns com os outros comentando sobre os tópicos, contribuindo assim para o melhoramento dos algoritmos. Deste modo, além de uma base de dados que qualquer utilizador pode usar, obtém-se uma fonte de informação disponibilizada por outros profissionais da área.

Relating the spatial component and users interests to improve applications based on questions, petitions and participatory processes

Nowadays, participatory processes attending the need for real democracy and transparency in governments and collectives are more needed than ever. Immediate participation through channels like social networks enable people to give their opinion and become pro-active citizens, seeking applications to interact with each other. The application described in this dissertation is a hybrid channel of communication of questions, petitions and participatory processes based on Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS), Participation Geographic Information System (PGIS) and ‘soft’ (subjective data) Geographic Information System (SoftGIS) methodologies. To achieve a new approach to an application, its entire design is focused on the spatial component related with user interests. The spatial component is treated as main feature of the system to develop all others depending on it, enabling new features never seen before in social actions (questions, petitions and participatory processes). Results prove that it is possible to develop a working application mainly using open source software, with the possibility of spatial and subject filtering, visualizing and free download of actions within application. The resulting application empowers society by releasing soft data and defines a new breaking approach, unseen so far.

SDAR: a package for plotting and analyzing stratigraphy data in R

Stratigraphic Columns (SC) are the most useful and common ways to represent the eld descriptions (e.g., grain size, thickness of rock packages, and fossil and lithological components) of rock sequences and well logs. In these representations the width of SC vary according to the grain size (i.e., the wider the strata, the coarser the rocks (Miall 1990; Tucker 2011)), and the thickness of each layer is represented at the vertical axis of the diagram. Typically these representations are drawn 'manually' using vector graphic editors (e.g., Adobe Illustrator®, CorelDRAW®, Inskape). Nowadays there are various software which automatically plot SCs, but there are not versatile open-source tools and it is very di cult to both store and analyse stratigraphic information. This document presents Stratigraphic Data Analysis in R (SDAR), an analytical package1 designed for both plotting and facilitate the analysis of Stratigraphic Data in R (R Core Team 2014). SDAR, uses simple stratigraphic data and takes advantage of the exible plotting tools available in R to produce detailed SCs. The main bene ts of SDAR are: (i) used to generate accurate and complete SC plot including multiple features (e.g., sedimentary structures, samples, fossil content, color, structural data, contacts between beds), (ii) developed in a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics, (iii) run on a wide variety of platforms (i.e., UNIX, Windows, and MacOS), (iv) both plotting and analysing functions can be executed directly on R's command-line interface (CLI), consequently this feature enables users to integrate SDAR's functions with several others add-on packages available for R from The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).

Agent-based parking occupancy simulation

The existing parking simulations, as most simulations, are intended to gain insights of a system or to make predictions. The knowledge they have provided has built up over the years, and several research works have devised detailed parking system models. This thesis work describes the use of an agent-based parking simulation in the context of a bigger parking system development. It focuses more on flexibility than on fidelity, showing the case where it is relevant for a parking simulation to consume dynamically changing GIS data from external, online sources and how to address this case. The simulation generates the parking occupancy information that sensing technologies should eventually produce and supplies it to the bigger parking system. It is built as a Java application based on the MASON toolkit and consumes GIS data from an ArcGis Server. The application context of the implemented parking simulation is a university campus with free, on-street parking places.

O uso do software de edição áudio Audacity 2.0.5: aprendizagens decorrentes da sua utilização

Contém CD com áudio como anexo

Produção e facilitação da visualização on-line de uma carta de desporto de natureza

Os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica detêm um papel de crescente importância para a tomada de decisão ao nível do ordenamento do território, conforme o que a própria legislação evidencia. Existe uma carência de uniformização da informação para que possa existir um cruzamento eficiente e uma disponibilização mais facilitada à população e às diversas entidades. As instituições públicas, como é o caso do Instituto de Conservação e Florestas (ICNF I.P.), reconhecem esta necessidade, pelo que se propôs uma série de tarefas, para a concretização deste estágio, no sentido de a colmatar. Este instituto detém um papel de especial relevo na conservação do património natural assim como no ordenamento das áreas protegidas para que se possa usufruir das mesmas, sob um ponto de vista cada vez mais ecológico e promotor de desenvolvimento sustentável. A elaboração de um instrumento de gestão territorial, como se pode classificar a Carta de Desporto de Natureza (CDN), acarreta grande responsabilidade e exige um forte empenho, não apenas no envolvimento da população e das entidades que dele fruirão, mas no cumprimento da legislação existente quer para as atividades quer para o próprio território, no sentido da sua proteção, preservação e promoção de usos adequados. Neste trabalho procurou-se cumprir todas estas disposições sempre com o objetivo de, ao se construir normas de uniformização e ao se elaborar um exemplo de CDN para um território com tanto valor como é a Reserva Natural do Estuário do Tejo, tornar acessível a informação sobre esta área protegida. A intensão é também promover a motivação para a prática de um desporto natureza, saudável e em equilíbrio com o ambiente. O desafio não se ficou por aqui, havendo também a procura de utilização de Free Open Source Software, para que o processo de utilização e disponibilização informação SIG seja cada vez mais acessível e direta.

Cat infected by a variant of bat rabies virus in a 29-year disease-free urban area of southern Brazil

INTRODUCTION: After 29 years, rabies was detected in a cat in Curitiba, southern Brazil. METHODS: The fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT) were performed on central nervous system (CNS) samples. RESULTS: Direct immunofluorescence was negative, but the biological test was positive and rabies virus was characterized as variant 4 (from Tadarida brasiliensis). CONCLUSIONS: Reappearance of rabies in domestic animals warns of sylvatic-aerial risk of infection and the necessity of monitoring bats in historically rabies-free areas.

Analysis of the chemical components of hydatid fluid from Echinococcus granulosus

Introduction The aim of this study was to explore the environment of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) protoscolices and their relationship with their host. Methods Proteins from the hydatid-cyst fluid (HCF) from E. granulosus were identified by proteomics. An inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) was used to determine the elements, an automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of biochemical indices, and an automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of amino acids in the E. granulosus HCF. Results I) Approximately 30 protein spots and 21 peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) were acquired in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) pattern of hydatid fluid; II) We detected 10 chemical elements in the cyst fluid, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc; III) We measured 19 biochemical metabolites in the cyst fluid, and the amount of most of these metabolites was lower than that in normal human serum; IV) We detected 17 free amino acids and measured some of these, including alanine, glycine, and valine. Conclusions We identified and measured many chemical components of the cyst fluid, providing a theoretical basis for developing new drugs to prevent and treat hydatid disease by inhibiting or blocking nutrition, metabolism, and other functions of the pathogen.

Detection of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living New World primates (Sapajus spp.; Alouatta caraya) captured in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Introduction A sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken to detect the circulation of arboviruses in free-living non-human primates. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 16 non-human primates (13 Sapajus spp. and three Alouatta caraya) that were captured using terrestrial traps and anesthetic darts in woodland regions in the municipalities of Campo Grande, Aquidauana, Jardim, Miranda and Corumbá in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were sent to the Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC) in Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil, to detect antibodies against 19 species of arboviruses using a hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). Results Of the 16 primates investigated in the present study, five (31.2%) were serologically positive for an arbovirus. Of these five, two (12.5%) exhibited antibodies to the Flavivirus genus, one (6.2%) exhibited a monotypic reaction to Cacipacoré virus, one (6.2%) was associated with Mayaro virus, and one (6.2%) was positive for Oropouche virus. Conclusions Based on the positive serology observed in the present study, it was possible to conclude that arboviruses circulate among free-living primates. The viruses in the areas studied might have been introduced by infected humans or by primates from endemic or enzootic areas. Studies of this nature, as well as efficient and continuous surveillance programs, are needed to monitor viral activities in endemic and enzootic regions.

Serological evidence for Saint Louis encephalitis virus in free-ranging New World monkeys and horses within the upper Paraná River basin region, Southern Brazil

Introduction Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) primarily occurs in the Americas and produces disease predominantly in humans. This study investigated the serological presence of SLEV in nonhuman primates and horses from southern Brazil. Methods From June 2004 to December 2005, sera from 133 monkeys (Alouatta caraya, n=43; Sapajus nigritus, n=64; Sapajus cay, n=26) trap-captured at the Paraná River basin region and 23 blood samples from farm horses were obtained and used for the serological detection of a panel of 19 arboviruses. All samples were analyzed in a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay; positive monkey samples were confirmed in a mouse neutralization test (MNT). Additionally, all blood samples were inoculated into C6/36 cell culture for viral isolation. Results Positive seroreactivity was only observed for SLEV. A prevalence of SLEV antibodies in sera was detected in Alouatta caraya (11.6%; 5/43), Sapajus nigritus (12.5%; 8/64), and S. cay (30.8%; 8/26) monkeys with the HI assay. Of the monkeys, 2.3% (1/42) of A. caraya, 6.3% 94/64) of S. nigritus, and 15.4% (4/26) of S. cay were positive for SLEV in the MNT. Additionally, SLEV antibodies were detected by HI in 39.1% (9/23) of the horses evaluated in this study. Arboviruses were not isolated from any blood sample. Conclusions These results confirmed the presence of SLEV in nonhuman primates and horses from southern Brazil. These findings most likely represent the first detection of this virus in nonhuman primates beyond the Amazon region. The detection of SLEV in animals within a geographical region distant from the Amazon basin suggests that there may be widespread and undiagnosed dissemination of this disease in Brazil.

Young adults' preferences and satisfaction levels in Duty-free shopping in airports

This study aims to explore and understand what young adults’ duty free shoppers (18-26 years old) want and are getting from travel retail shopping on airport environments and to evaluate their satisfaction levels with the service. It has important managerial contributions since it is an important target in a fast growing market. An online survey was conducted with 188 young adults and its results show that young adults’ are somewhat satisfied with the overall service on duty free stores mainly in what concerns quality of the products and physical evidence of the stores. Results also show that the majority of buyers within this segment are price driven and strongly influenced by promotions associated with price reductions, and do not seem very satisfied with respect to that. Keywords: Young

Performance of the Vitek 2 system software version 5.03 in the bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test: evaluation study of clinical and reference strains of Gram-positive cocci

Introduction. The genera Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are recognized as important Gram-positive human pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Vitek 2 in identifying Gram-positive cocci and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Methods. One hundred four isolates were analyzed to determine the accuracy of the automated system for identifying the bacteria and their susceptibility to oxacillin and vancomycin. Results. The system correctly identified 77.9% and 97.1% of the isolates at the species and genus levels, respectively. Additionally, 81.8% of the Vitek 2 results agreed with the known antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Conclusion. Vitek 2 correctly identified the commonly isolated strains; however, the limitations of the method may lead to ambiguous findings.

Construct and diagnostic validities of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test in the alzheimer’s disease spectrum

The Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) is a memory test that controls attention and acquisition, by providing category cues in the learning process. Because it enables an assessment of memory not confounded by normal age-related changes in cognition and a high accuracy on Alzheimer's disease (AD) evaluation, it has been suggested by the International Working Group on AD. Our aim was to assess the construct related validity of the FCSRT in the AD spectrum disorders.