Expressão dos genes codificadores de canais de sódio Nav 1.7, Nav 1.8 e Nav 1.9 em portadores da Síndrome de Ardência Bucal

A síndrome de ardência bucal (SAB) é uma condição caracterizada pelo sintoma de ardência na mucosa oral, na ausência de qualquer sinal clínico. Sua etiologia é desconhecida e, até o momento, não dispõe de tratamento efetivo. Há entretanto características de doença neuropática que justificam investigações nesse sentido. O objetivo desse estudo foi mensurar a expressão gênica dos receptores de canais de sódio, Nav 1.7, Nav 1.8 e Nav 1.9, nos pacientes portadores de SAB. A casuística foi composta por dois grupos sendo o grupo de estudo composto por 12 pacientes portadores de SAB, selecionados através do critério estabelecido pela International Headache Society, em 2013 e o grupo controle composto por 4 pacientes não portadores de SAB. As amostras analisadas foram coletadas do dorso lingual, por meio de biópsia realizada com punch de 3 mm e profundidade de 3 mm, estas foram submetidas ao método de análise RT-PCR em tempo real. A expressividade dos genes de canais de sódio foi avaliada nos indivíduos portadores de SAB em relação aos do grupo controle, sendo esta calculada a partir da normalização dos dados da quantificação destes com os da expressão do gene constitutivo (GAPDH), pelo método de Cicle Threshold comparativo e analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste estatístico Mann-Whitnney. Observou-se o aumento da expressão gênica do Nav 1.7 (fold-change = 38.70) e diminuição da expressão gênica do Nav 1.9 (fold-change = 0.89), porém sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos analisados. O gene Nav 1.8 não foi expresso em nenhuma das amostras analisadas. O Nav 1.7 expressa-se tanto em neurônios nociceptivos quanto no sistema nervoso autônomo e mutações no Nav 1.9 tem sido associada a perda de percepção dolorosa. Os resultados obtidos embora não estatisticamente significativos são compatíveis com as características da doença, justificando a extensão dos estudos na linha expressão de genes codificadores dos canais de sódio em pacientes com SAB.

Caught in the act: gas and stellar velocity dispersions in a fast Quenching compact star-forming galaxy at z ~ 1.7

We present Keck I MOSFIRE spectroscopy in the Y and H bands of GDN-8231, a massive, compact, star-forming galaxy at a redshift of z ~ 1.7. Its spectrum reveals both Hα and [Nii] emission lines and strong Balmer absorption lines. The Hα and Spitzer MIPS 24 μm fluxes are both weak, thus indicating a low star-formation rate of SFR≲5-10 M_⨀ yr−1. This, added to a relatively young age of ~700 Myr measured from the absorption lines, provides the first direct evidence for a distant galaxy being caught in the act of rapidly shutting down its star formation. Such quenching allows GDN-8231 to become a compact, quiescent galaxy, similar to three other galaxies in our sample, by z ~ 1.5. Moreover, the color profile of GDN-8231 shows a bluer center, consistent with the predictions of recent simulations for an early phase of inside-out quenching. Its line-of-sight velocity dispersion for the gas, σ_LOG^gas = 127 ± 32 km s^−1, is nearly 40% smaller than that of its stars, σ_LOG^* = 215 ± 35 km s^−1. High-resolution hydro-simulations of galaxies explain such apparently colder gas kinematics of up to a factor of ~1.5 with rotating disks being viewed at different inclinations and/or centrally concentrated star-forming regions. A clear prediction is that their compact, quiescent descendants preserve some remnant rotation from their star-forming progenitors.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1797 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: This plan of the city of Philadelphia and it's environs (shewing the improved parts) is dedicated to the mayor, aldermen and citizens thereof, by their most obedient servant John Hills surveyor and draughtsman ; May 30th 1796 ; engraved by John Cooke of Hendon Middlesex near London. It was Published and Sold by John Hills Surveyor and Draughsman in 1797. Scale [1:7,200]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to Pennsylvania South State Plane Coordinate System NAD83 (in Feet) (Fipszone 3702). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas, selected public and private buildings, schools, churches, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), docks, fortification, ground cover, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also references to points of interest. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of New England from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Manhattan, New York, N.Y., 1877 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of New York City, south of 46th St. : showing new arrangement of docks, piers, and water frontage, also soundings and former high water line .... It was published by Matthew Dripps in 1877. Scale [1:7,200]. Covers southern portion of Manhattan. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N NAD83 projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as streets (with block numbers), railroads, drainage, selected public buildings (police stations, churches, theaters, schools, hotels, industries, etc.), wharves, parks, city wards, the former high water line, and more. Includes text: Key to r.r. routes, sub post offices, police stations, and street directory; and inset: New York in 1778. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1852 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of Milwaukee, by I.A. Lapham. It was published by engraved Sherman & Smith in 1852. Scale [1:7,920]. Covers a portion of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Wisconsin South State Plane NAD 1983 coordinate system (in Feet) (Fipszone 4803). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, property lots with names of selected landowners, city districts, and more. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, 1904 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Ground plan of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition St. Louis, MO 1904. It was published by Buxton & Skinner Stationery Co. Scale [1:7,500]. Covers the exposition grounds and buildings of the Saint Louis World's Fair, currently the Forest Park and Washington University area, St. Louis, Missouri. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the the Missouri East State Plane Coordinate System NAD83 (in Feet) (Fipszone 2401). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, cable and electric car lines, drainage, lagoons and ponds, buildings, ground cover, paths, and more. Includes index. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Havana and Harbor, Cuba, 1962 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: West Indies, north coast of Cuba, Habana harbor (Puerto de la Habana), from surveys by U.S Navy to 1930 and by public works of Cuba to 1930 with corrections to 1941. It was published by Hydrographic Office under the authority of the Secretary of the Navy in [1962]. Scale 1:7,500.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'NAD 1927 Cuba Norte' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows coastal features such as lighthouses, buoys, beacons, rocks, channels, points, coves, islands, wharves, and more. Includes also selected land features such as roads, railroads, drainage, selected buildings, fortifications, and more. Relief is shown by form lines; depths shown by soundings, contours, and bathymetric tinting. Includes table of tidal information.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Strasbourg, France, City Planning, 1910 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan der Stadt Strassburg : aufgestellt nach dem amtlichen Bebauungsplan. It was published by W. Heinrich in 1910. Scale 1:7,500. Covers Strasbourg, France. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'European Datum 1950 UTM Zone 32N' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows development plans for the expansion of the city of Strasbourg. It includes features such as existing and proposed roads, railroads and stations, street-railroads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, parks, city district boundaries, and more. Includes black pen-and-ink manuscript additions and type-script paper pasted over map in English; red and yellow lines showing the public lands & buildings & lands owned by municpality. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Lisbon, Portugal, 1890 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Planta de Lisboa : com todos os melhoramentos fietos e projectados na cidade, coordenada e desenhada por Jos� Vincente de Freitas Capit�o de infanteria. It was published by Vicente P. Pinho, lith in 1890. Scale 1:7,500. Covers Lisbon, Portugal. Map in Portuguese. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, UTM Zone 29N coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, selected buildings, churches, parks, gardens, cemeteries, and more. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Boston, Massachusetts -- Railroads, 1850 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Rail-road crossings and termini in the vicinity of Boston, E.S. Chesbrough, commissioner ; reduced from a drawing by Chas. Perkins. It was published in 1850. Scale [1:7,200]. Covers Boston proper (Shawmut Peninsula and Boston Neck) and portions of Cambridge and Somerville, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as railroads, railroad depots, railroad crossings, road, drainage, some public buildings, bridges, wharves, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. The accompanying profiles of railroad crossings are published separately under the title: Sections of railroad crossings in the vicinity of Boston. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1853 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the city of Lawrence, Mass., surveyed & drawn by James K. Barker. It was published by S.W. Chandler & Co.'s Lith. in 1853. Scale [1:7,200]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes an index to points of interest. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Taunton, Massachusetts, 1836 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the town of Taunton. It was published by Saml. O. Dunbar in 1836. Scale [1:33,660]. It covers the town of Taunton and a portion of the town of Berkley. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. It includes 13 views of local buildings and inset: Map of the Village of Taunton. Scale [1:7,920]. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Norton, Massachusetts, 1855 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the town of Map of the town of Norton, Bristol County, Mass., by H.F. Walling, supt. of the state map. It was published in 1855. Scale [1:15,840]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town and town district boundaries and more. Includes inset: Norton Centre. Scale [1:7,920]. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Die Staaten von Südost=Europa: Rumänien, Serbien, Montenegro, Bulgarien, Kreta, Europ. Türkei, Griechenland

Redigiert v. Dr. K. Peucker ; Rudolph Maschek sculps ; Kartogr. Anst. v. Th. Bannwarth.