998 resultados para Sapais - Estuários - Rio Sado (Portugal) - Caracterização geoambiental


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Conhecer a natureza e as características geomorfológicas e geológicas, que potenciam situações de instabilidade, é um passo importante a fim de determinar as medidas de prevenção e de estabilização, que se podem adaptar a um determinado local. Várias situações de instabilidade, que não se compreendem numa observação expedita e que ocorrem nos taludes do Funchal, despertaram o interesse de realizar um trabalho profundo, centrado na avaliação dos processos de instabilidade do talude. Na caracterização dos maciços rochosos para obtenção do índice RMR (Bieniawsky), fez-se um levantamento das descontinuidades com caracterização espacial do preenchimento e rugosidade. A resistência dos maciços rochosos e avaliação da resistência à compressão uniaxial dos taludes foi conseguido através de vários ensaios in situ, utilizando o martelo de Schmidt. Identificaram-se os possíveis factores que podem estar na base da instabilidade do talude. Dos resultados que se obtiveram, destacam-se a geometria do talude, as propriedades geomecânicas, a distribuição das descontinuidades, a influência da vegetação e da água. Os resultados permitiram propor medidas de prevenção e estabilização do talude, conforme os resultados da classificação geomecânica SMR (Slope Mass Rating) de Romana. Por fim, estabeleceu-se a comparação dos diferentes resultados obtidos com resultados publicados, sobre o mesmo tipo de material para a Ilha da Madeira.

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Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida tendo como objetivo principal quantificar e qualificar a produção dos Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) na Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM). Estes resíduos são provenientes de atividades de construção civil, nomeadamente de obras de construção, reconstrução, ampliação, alteração, conservação e demolição e da derrocada de edificações. Os RCD devem ser, sempre que possível, reduzidos, reutilizados e/ou reciclados (3 R’s). Caso não seja exequível a aplicação direta em obra de um dos 3 R’s, estes deverão ser encaminhados para um operador de gestão licenciado com o intuito de os valorizar e/ou eliminar. Uma das opções mais usuais de eliminação de resíduos na RAM é a deposição legal em aterro. No entanto, ainda há resíduos que têm como destino a deposição não controlada, causando a degradação geral do ambiente da Região. Neste trabalho foram identificados os vários operadores de gestão de resíduos presentes na Região Autónoma da Madeira e quais os destinos finais de cada resíduo, classificado por código de acordo com a Lista Europeia de Resíduos (LER), segundo a Portaria n.º209/2004, de 3 de março. A informação da quantidade dos resíduos encaminhados para os operadores licenciados é transmitida, anualmente, à Direção Regional do Ordenamento do Território e Ambiente (DROTA), sendo possível determinar a tipologia e a quantidade de resíduos recebidos com respetivo destino final. Foi analisada bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre RCD com o objetivo de selecionar indicadores, em kg/m2 (quantidade de resíduos produzidos por área bruta de construção/demolição), mais ajustados às caraterísticas do edificado regional e respetivos processos construtivos. Da comparação entre os valores estimados de RCD produzidos com a quantidade de resíduos recebidos pelos operadores licenciados na RAM, foi possível estimar as quantidades recicladas e reutilizadas em obra e/ou depositadas ilegalmente. O resíduo estudado mais produzido foi o referente ao código LER 170107. Foi ainda, estimado um intervalo de produção total de RCD para a RAM, situado entre 93 e 507 kg/ano/habitante.

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Como é de conhecimento geral as argamassas de revestimento antigas diferem das argamassas atuais, tanto na sua produção, como nos seus constituintes e até na sua resistência e durabilidade. O presente trabalho surge com o principal intuito de dissertar sobre a caraterização de algumas argamassas de revestimento e de enchimento antigas na Região Autónoma da Madeira. Desta forma foram realizados vários ensaios como a difração de raios X, a análise termogravimétrica, a determinação da percentagem do resíduo insolúvel com ataque àcido e a análise granulométrica, podendo assim ficar-se com uma ideia dos seus minerais, a quantidade de carbonato de cálcio utilizada, a quantidade de material insolúvel no ácido clorídrico e a granulometria (tamanho/dimensões) das areias. A escolha das amostras baseou-se nos critérios de maior longevidade dos edifícios, a não reabilitação destes e a possibilidade da realização do estudo dessas habitações (i.e. acessibilidade física e legal). Quanto aos ensaios efetuados, a opção de os ter utilizado prende-se com as técnicas disponíveis no Laboratório Regional de Engenharia Civil (LREC).

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Na realização deste trabalho pretendeu-se caracterizar amostras de betão recolhidas ao longo de dois túneis da Região Autónomo da Madeira com o objetivo de traçar um perfil de composição e relacionar com a durabilidade. Para tal foram recolhidas amostras em dois túneis, o Túnel da Cruz Vermelha e o Túnel da Encumeada. De modo a caracterizar o betão foram realizados ensaios de carbonatação, determinação do teor de cloretos em profundidade em laboratório, termogravimétrica, análise macroestrutural e de difração raios X. Realizou-se uma previsão de quando é que as armaduras poderão deixar de estar passivadas devido a carbonatação (período de iniciação) e quando é que os túneis deverão ser alvos de reparações devido a corrosão (período de propagação). Tentou-se verificar a influência da carbonatação em altura no Túnel da Cruz Vermelha. Demonstrou-se que a fissuração é uma zona de fácil acesso para as substâncias agressivas penetrarem para o interior do betão, nomeadamente o dióxido de carbono relacionado com a carbonatação. Demonstrou-se também que é possível determinar a profundidade carbonatação através da difração de raios X. Verificou-se que o método (difração de Raio X) usado para determinar a composição do betão de ambos os túneis é viável. Constatou-se que praticamente todas as carotes apresentam pontos com valores de cloretos superiores aos permitidos pela norma atualmente em vigor (NP EN 206-1: 2007). Uma das possíveis razões para esses valores é o facto de na RAM, a areia utilizada no fabrico do betão ser de origem marítima. Em termos da profundidade de carbonatação verificou-se que praticamente em todas as amostras, o valor determinado ainda não tinha alcançado as armaduras e deste modo encontravam-se passivadas, com exceção a carote nº10 (Túnel Encumeada) em que a carbonatação já tinha ultrapassado o valor do recobrimento e a armadura já apresentava sinais de corrosão.

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AZEVEDO, Luciana Karla Araújo de, et al. Caracterização e correlação do fenômeno pró-zona com títulos de sororeatividade do VDRL e reação de imuno-fluorescência indireta em soros de pacientes com sífilis. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, Rio de Janeiro, v. 38, n. 2, p. 183-187, 2006.

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GAUDENCIO, Sale Mario; BORBA, Maria do Socorro de Azevedo. O cordel como fonte de informaçao: a vivacidade dos folhetos de cordeis no Rio Grande do Norte. Biblioonline, Joao Pessoa, v.6, n. 1, p.82-92, 2010.

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DUTRA, Ricardo Peixoto Suassuna ; SILVA, Jaquelígia Brito da ; MORAES, Márcio Luiz Varela Nogueira de ; NASCIMENTO, R. M. ; GOMES, Uilame Umbelino ; PASKOCIMAS, Carlos Alberto . Avaliação da potencialidade de argilas do Rio Grande do Norte. Cerâmica Industrial, v. 13, p. 47-50, 2008.

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SILVA, J. L. M. da; SAMPAIO, L. M. . Eficiência, Gestão e Meio Ambiente na Carcinicultura do Rio Grande do Norte. In: Congresso da Sociendade Brasileira de Economia, Administração e Sociologia Rural - SOBER, 40., 2007, Londrina. Conhecimentos para a Agricultura do Futuro, 2007.

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The inclusion of local suppliers in production chains has considerable impact on its performance, but most notably in its main actors. The results of this process may be of different kinds and can be analyzed from economic or institutional approaches. This study aimed to verify the existence of different performances of Petrobras due to the inclusion of local suppliers in the oil and gas production chain in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from the viewpoints of transaction costs and the Institutional Theory. In order to this, were made the characterization of the PROMINP, the description of its actions and results, the mapping of its institutional context of reference, and identification of results obtained by Petrobras in terms of transaction costs and legitimacy. The theoretical framework is based on authors dealing with industrial concentration, as like Marshall, Krugman, Porter and Schmitz, from the sociological perspective of neoinstitucional theory, as like DiMaggio and Powell and Scott and Meyer, and transaction costs, as like Williamson. This is a qualitative research, with data collection done by consulting secondary fonts and semi-structured interviews with nineteen actors of three groups, namely: actors involved in actions of the program, representatives of enterprises and representative of Petrobras. To analyze the content was used the Suchman s model (1995) for categories associated with strategies of legitimation and fourteen variables associated with the three variables assets specificity, bounded rationality and opportunism (Williamson, 1995, 1989) in the case of transaction costs. The results indicate that PROMINP has achieved its objectives by encouraging the increased participation of local companies in the oil and gas production chain, reflecting in the economic development of the state. The Redepetro/RN, fostered and built upon the interaction of the participants, is presented as a solution of continuity to the participation of enterprises in the chain, after the closure of the actions of the program. PROMINP demands responses to coercive, legislative and regulatory pressures of the organizational field, whose institutional context of reference is wide. From the point of view of legitimacy, through strategies to gain cognitive legitimacy and maintaining pragmatic legitimacy, Petrobras can manipulate the environment, ensuring the compliance of the constituents to their technical and institutional demands. Enterprises, in turn, respond to the demands through compliance with technical demands, mainly through the certification of processes, and cultural changes. There aren t clear gains related to the transaction costs, however, gains in legitimacy can be seen as a cumulative capital that can serve as a competitive differential that generates economic gains. In terms of theoretical findings, it was found that, due to its explanatory power for actions that are difficult to explain only in economic terms, Institutional Theory may be used as theoretical support concurrent with other theories. TCE model has limitations in explaining the program actions. In the case, it s emphasized that Petrobras doesn t seek only economic efficiency, but has in its mission the commitment to social development.

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The Solidary Economy is an area that has shown unusual traits to what is preached in the traditional economic organizations, even organizations that have very similar principles, as some cooperatives. This trait is approaching the concept of isonomy proposed by Ramos (1989). Given this context, and the notion that the isonomy is like a ideal type, the objective this work was to evidence particulars of isonomic environment the in economic and solidarity experiences, taking as an empirical research area the Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, considered a solidary economic enterprise. For this, we used the descriptive-exploratory research of qualitative nature, where the object of such research is the know enterprise, therefore, also characterized as a case study, which were taken as research subjects six associates, they being the most active in the enterprise. From the five categories that characterize isonomy - minimum standards prescribing, self-gratifying activity, activities undertaken as a vocation, wide system of making decision and primaries interpersonal relations - and from the traits of a solidary economic enterprise the data analysis was built, through content analysis, specifically the categorial analysis. Given this context and reality in which it is Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, with minimal rules and procedures for conducting activities, comparing them to a therapy, women choosing to insert in that environment, faced with a democratic space and unfettered bureaucracy in professional interpersonal relationships, in others words, an organizational space where they were shown signs of substantive rationality was possible to conclude that the Group will share experiences and characteristics of isonomy. This disclosure meets the multidimensional social that presupposes Paraecomomic Paradigm, enabling man to enter in different social environments of the economy in order to search for self-actualization

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This thesis nalyzes the wayfinding in Landscape Museum of Contemporary Art (MPAC), based on the Institute of Contemporary Art CACI, Minas Gerais, Brazil and the Museum of Contemporary Art of the Serralves Foundation, Porto, Portugal. The study focuses on the interrelationship of the public/visitors with the landscape, architecture and contemporary art museums in these, in order to understand visual perception and apprehension of such an environment for their users. For both were confronted documentation (visual and written) and people talk. The main hypothesis put forward is that the audience/visitor MPAC appreciates the interrelationship between the natural environment (park/garden) and built environment (the works of contemporary art and the galleries), giving equal value to both. To complement this, a second hypothesis is that during the visit to MPACS, visitors define their paths spontaneously, but strongly influenced by existing visual indicators (maps, signage and striking landscape elements), which facilitate the readability of space, which also contribute to the offered services and the experiences of similar institutions. The analytical basis of the research used the concepts of legibility (LYNCH, 2009), wayfinding (GIBSON, 2009; ARTHUR, PASSINI, 2002; WEISMAN, 1982), Experiential Cotinnum (TUAN, 1985), Space Bound (CRUZ PINTO, 2007) and habitus (BOURDIEU, 1992). Methodologically was used qualitative research (DEMO 2000) by means of a case study (YIN, 2005; STAKE, 1999) and participant observation (WHYTE, 2005). In the two institutions interviews with researchers and curators, behavior observation and questionnaires from employees, trainees, monitors and the public/visitor of the two museums were performed. Although partially referende the initial hypothesis, the research showed that the public/visitor value appears more natural environments, they experience a greater intensity and in addition to the factors listed in the second case, your perception and definition of paths suffer significant influence of emotional relations established with space. Generally the audience/visitor adapts easily to different demands of contemporary art exhibition in the two museums and the built environment (park/garden and museum) interferes with your reading path during the visit, perceived by the public/visitor condition as a factor that favors the enjoyment of works on different mounts (wayfinding), though often become a factor that hinders the legibility of the building and its built environment

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The objective of this study is to assess the natural light of the classrooms sectors, at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. It was applied the Post-Occupation Evaluation technique, by using questionnaires and brightness levels measurements inside the classrooms. In order to check the users satisfaction degree, it was initially done a general approach on the related aspects to natural light: their characteristics, availability, sources, opening systems and evaluating tools. It was also determined the necessary brightness levels for the activities development in the classroom and the Post-Occupation Evaluation technique used in the search analyses. Then, it was made the UFRN Campus` characterization; the models` definition which formed the data collection basis; the detailing of the procedures used in the research, the processing description and the data analysis. Subsequently, the results that clarify the issues raised were shown through quantitative and / or qualitative data analyses. This research notes a high level of satisfaction by the users, despite some problems such as the reflections occurrence on the board, the lack of uniformity and, occasionally, the brightness low levels

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Both the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century have been characterized as a period of major political, economic, social and cultural transformations. Two of the major consequences of the political-economical crisis of the end of last century are the restructuring of capitalist production, and the consolidation of neoliberalism as a worldwide phenomenon. This new world political-economical scenario has influenced, in a dialectic way, the contemporary urban development. In that sense, "new" spatial processes and new paradigms in both urban management and urban planning have gained shape. In this context of urban transformations, the central areas of western cities, also known as historic centers, are being increasingly (re)valued. Since the Second World War, the historic centers urban areas which have great infrastructure and symbolic relevance had been undergoing a process of evasion of population and activities, undeniably linked to the neglect of government authorities. However, in recent decades, the question of historic centers rehabilitation has acquired a growing interest, academically and in political agendas. The object of this dissertation is to focus on how the government of each Brazil and Portugal has dealt with the issue of historic center rehabilitation through programs of urban rehabilitation

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Considering their commercial importance, as these are the species of freshwater fish more commercialized in Brazil, their occurence in different kinds of aquatic environments (lakes, rivers and dams) and for being tolerant to a wide range of variation of various physical parameters and chemical water, the fish species Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio and Colossoma macropomum were chosen for this study, furthermore, to test the toxicity we used the herbicide Roundup. The fingerlings of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), commun carp (Cyprinus carpio) and tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) were submitted to the herbicide roundup in the following concentrations: 0.0 (control); 18,06; 19,10; 20,14; 21,18 and 22,22 mg.L-1, 0.0 (control); 13,89; 14,86; 15,83; 16,81 and 17,78 mg.L-1, and 0.0 (control); 18,06; 19,10; 20,14; 21,18 and 22,22 mg.L-1, respectively, three for 96 hours. The LC50 - 96h for O. niloticus, C. carpio and C. macropomum was 21,63, 15,33 and 20,06 mg.L-1 of the herbicide roundup, respectively. The results show that this herbicide is classified as slightly toxic to the three species. The values of dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature recorded in the aquarium control and aquarium experimental of the three fish species have remained without significant variations during the tests, which reduces the possibility of death caused by sudden variations of these parameters during the 96 hours the experiment. The values of LC50 between different species of fish were observed, noting that the species O.niloticus, C. carpio and C. macropomum showed no expressive differences. The values of environmental risk of Roundup were calculated to obtain more stringent parameters in assessing the dangerousness of those on nontargets. The risk of environmental contamination by Roundup for the Nile tilapia, common carp, and tambaqui are low for the lowest application rate (1 L.ha-1) and depths (1.5 and 2.0 m). The dilution of 100%, the highest recommended dose (5 L.ha-1) and depths (1.5 and 2.0 m) the risk is moderate for the three species. The values of the Risk Ratio (QR) were greater than 0,1, indicating that the values of the CAE and LC50 are above acceptable levels and there is a need, this study, a refinement in ecotoxicological tests

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The present work was carried out at the Atol das Rocas (3º 51 S; 33º 49 W), the only atoll of the South Atlantic and the first Brazilian marine protected area. It was guided by the following hypothesis: the composition of the fish communities varies in agreement with the position of the pools; in other words, with or without permanent ocean connection. To test the validity of this hypothesis, the fish abundance was estimated in the connected pools (Barretinha/Barreta Falsa) and unconnected ones (Cemiteriozinho/Âncoras), carrying an ecological characterization of the fishes that inhabit these pools. Additionally, the structural complexity of the sampled places was also evaluated intending to verify the variations of the abundance and diversity of fishes in function to this factor. By the fact of this research was being carried out through the limits of a conservation unit, the samples was realized using visual census techniques. The results generated through uni and multivariate analytic techniques allowed the evidence that decisive factor in the density, richness and diversity variations of fishes are linked to the substratum type (Hard / Soft bottom) and not by the fact that the pool are or are not connected permanently to the ocean. In relation to the structural complexity; 58% of the variations in the diversity of fishes were attributed to changes in the structural complexity, while 12% of the variations in the abundance were attributed to the structural complexity