901 resultados para Postural alignment


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El ser humano tiene la necesidad de adaptarse a la actividad que se propone, a sus propios desajustes por el movimiento y a los cambios internos. Todo en un entorno determinado y para que ocurra, el cuerpo debe estar preparado para anticiparse, mantenerse y reaccionar ante estas situaciones. Las personas con secuelas neurológicas tienen dificultades para mantenerse en una posición estática y más aún en poder pasar de una postura a otra. No solamente tienen problemas para tomar objetos o levantarse de una silla; por ejemplo, sino que presentan serios inconvenientes para mantener el equilibrio y controlar la postura para poder alcanzar cualquiera de las maniobras referidas anteriormente; de lo que se desprende, que el desarrollo de un buen control postural es requisito indispensable para cualquier manejo de las actividades de la vida diaria (A.V.D.). Y la atención, entendida como uno de los procesos cognitivos que hay que activar para que todo esto suceda, juega un papel importante en éste reaprendizaje motriz. Todas estas habilidades motoras necesitan aprenderse y luego llevarlas al plano de la automatización con un mínimo de dirección consciente. La corteza cerebral necesita relajarse y ocuparse de las estrategias y no tanto ya de la postural, al menos que se requiera una corrección

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El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos de la percepción de competencia deportiva de desarrollar una investigación experimental en la escuela (Bunnell, WP., 1984) a fin de observar cómo pueden existir relaciones entre la auto-descripción de la postura, la postura vista por los padres y una observación postural objetiva

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El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos de la percepción de competencia deportiva de desarrollar una investigación experimental en la escuela (Bunnell, WP., 1984) a fin de observar cómo pueden existir relaciones entre la auto-descripción de la postura, la postura vista por los padres y una observación postural objetiva

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El ser humano tiene la necesidad de adaptarse a la actividad que se propone, a sus propios desajustes por el movimiento y a los cambios internos. Todo en un entorno determinado y para que ocurra, el cuerpo debe estar preparado para anticiparse, mantenerse y reaccionar ante estas situaciones. Las personas con secuelas neurológicas tienen dificultades para mantenerse en una posición estática y más aún en poder pasar de una postura a otra. No solamente tienen problemas para tomar objetos o levantarse de una silla; por ejemplo, sino que presentan serios inconvenientes para mantener el equilibrio y controlar la postura para poder alcanzar cualquiera de las maniobras referidas anteriormente; de lo que se desprende, que el desarrollo de un buen control postural es requisito indispensable para cualquier manejo de las actividades de la vida diaria (A.V.D.). Y la atención, entendida como uno de los procesos cognitivos que hay que activar para que todo esto suceda, juega un papel importante en éste reaprendizaje motriz. Todas estas habilidades motoras necesitan aprenderse y luego llevarlas al plano de la automatización con un mínimo de dirección consciente. La corteza cerebral necesita relajarse y ocuparse de las estrategias y no tanto ya de la postural, al menos que se requiera una corrección

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Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 577 on Shatsky Rise (North Pacific Ocean) recovered a series of cores at three holes that contain calcareous nannofossil ooze of latest Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) through early Eocene age. Several important records have been generated using samples from these cores, but the stratigraphy has remained outdated and confusing. Here we revise the stratigraphy at Site 577. This includes refining several age datums, realigning cores in the depth domain, and placing all stratigraphic markers on a current time scale. The work provides a template for appropriately bringing latest Cretaceous and Paleogene data sets at old drill sites into current paleoceanographic literature for this time interval. While the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) lies within core gaps at Holes 577* and 577A, the sedimentary record at the site holds other important events and remains crucially relevant to understanding changes in oceanographic conditions from the latest Cretaceous through early Paleogene.

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Background: Octopods have successfully colonised the world's oceans from the tropics to the poles. Yet, successful persistence in these habitats has required adaptations of their advanced physiological apparatus to compensate impaired oxygen supply. Their oxygen transporter haemocyanin plays a major role in cold tolerance and accordingly has undergone functional modifications to sustain oxygen release at sub-zero temperatures. However, it remains unknown how molecular properties evolved to explain the observed functional adaptations. We thus aimed to assess whether natural selection affected molecular and structural properties of haemocyanin that explains temperature adaptation in octopods. Results: Analysis of 239 partial sequences of the haemocyanin functional units (FU) f and g of 28 octopod species of polar, temperate, subtropical and tropical origin revealed natural selection was acting primarily on charge properties of surface residues. Polar octopods contained haemocyanins with higher net surface charge due to decreased glutamic acid content and higher numbers of basic amino acids. Within the analysed partial sequences, positive selection was present at site 2545, positioned between the active copper binding centre and the FU g surface. At this site, methionine was the dominant amino acid in polar octopods and leucine was dominant in tropical octopods. Sites directly involved in oxygen binding or quaternary interactions were highly conserved within the analysed sequence. Conclusions: This study has provided the first insight into molecular and structural mechanisms that have enabled octopods to sustain oxygen supply from polar to tropical conditions. Our findings imply modulation of oxygen binding via charge-charge interaction at the protein surface, which stabilize quaternary interactions among functional units to reduce detrimental effects of high pH on venous oxygen release. Of the observed partial haemocyanin sequence, residue 2545 formed a close link between the FU g surface and the active centre, suggesting a role as allosteric binding site. The prevalence of methionine at this site in polar octopods, implies regulation of oxygen affinity via increased sensitivity to allosteric metal binding. High sequence conservation of sites directly involved in oxygen binding indicates that functional modifications of octopod haemocyanin rather occur via more subtle mechanisms, as observed in this study.

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The aim of this work is the theoretical study of the band alignment between the two components of a hybrid organic-inorganic solar-cell. The working organic molecules are metal tetra-sulphonated phthalocyanines (M-Pc) and the inorganic material is nano-porous ZnO growth in the 001 direction. The theoretical calculations are being made using the density functional theory (DFT) using a GGA functional with the SIESTA code, which projects electron wave functions and density onto a real space grid and uses as basis set a linear combination of numerical, finite-range localized atomic orbitals. We also used the DFT+U method included in the code that allows a semi-empirical inclusion of electronic correlations in the description of electronic spectra for systems such as zinc oxide.

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The development of high efficiency laser diodes (LD) and light emitting diodes (LED) covering the 1.0 to 1.55 μm region of the spectra using GaAs heteroepitaxy has been long pursued. Due to the lack of materials that can be grown lattice-macthed to GaAs with bandgaps in the 1.0 to 1.55 μm region, quantum wells (QW) or quantum dots (QD) need be used. The most successful approach with QWs has been to use InGaAs, but one needs to add another element, such as N, to be able to reach 1.3/1.5μm. Even though LDs have been successfully demonstrated with the QW approach, using N leads to problems with compositional homogeneity across the wafer, and limited efficiency due to strong non-radiative recombination. The alternative approach of using InAs QDs is an attractive option, but once again, to reach the longest wavelengths one needs very large QDs and control over the size distribution and band alignment. In this work we demonstrate InAs/GaAsSb QDLEDs with high efficiencies, emitting from 1.1 to 1.52 μm, and we analyze the band alignment and carrier loss mechanisms that result from the presence of Sb in the capping layer.

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In this paper, we seek to expand the use of direct methods in real-time applications by proposing a vision-based strategy for pose estimation of aerial vehicles. The vast majority of approaches make use of features to estimate motion. Conversely, the strategy we propose is based on a MR (Multi-Resolution) implementation of an image registration technique (Inverse Compositional Image Alignment ICIA) using direct methods. An on-board camera in a downwards-looking configuration, and the assumption of planar scenes, are the bases of the algorithm. The motion between frames (rotation and translation) is recovered by decomposing the frame-to-frame homography obtained by the ICIA algorithm applied to a patch that covers around the 80% of the image. When the visual estimation is required (e.g. GPS drop-out), this motion is integrated with the previous known estimation of the vehicles' state, obtained from the on-board sensors (GPS/IMU), and the subsequent estimations are based only on the vision-based motion estimations. The proposed strategy is tested with real flight data in representative stages of a flight: cruise, landing, and take-off, being two of those stages considered critical: take-off and landing. The performance of the pose estimation strategy is analyzed by comparing it with the GPS/IMU estimations. Results show correlation between the visual estimation obtained with the MR-ICIA and the GPS/IMU data, that demonstrate that the visual estimation can be used to provide a good approximation of the vehicle's state when it is required (e.g. GPS drop-outs). In terms of performance, the proposed strategy is able to maintain an estimation of the vehicle's state for more than one minute, at real-time frame rates based, only on visual information.

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Concepts of lateral ordering of epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are for the first time transferred to hybrid nanostructures for active plasmonics. We review our recent research on the self-alignment of epitaxial nanocrystals of In and Ag on ordered one-dimensional In(Ga)As QD arrays and isolated QDs by molecular beam epitaxy. By changing the growth conditions the size and density of the metal nanocrystals are easily controlled and the surface plasmon resonance wavelength is tuned over a wide range in order to match the emission wavelength of the QDs. Photoluminescence measurements reveal large enhancement of the emitted light intensity due to plasmon enhanced emission and absorption down to the single QD level.

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Modules are an important part of the CPV system. By pursing, in our objective of a 35% efficiency module, we need to look forward a significant improvement in the state of the art of CPV modules since no commercial module is capable of achieving that efficiency. Achieving this efficiency will require high efficiency cells, progress in the optics lenses that are implemented in these modules, and also integration into module. Basic design of 35% CPV module is presented considering for practical and rapid industry application. The output is 385 W while its weight is only 18 kg. In spite of its high concentration ratio reaching 1,000 X, it acceptance angle is as high as 1.1 degree.

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En este trabajo se tratan: los fundamentos teóricos sobre la actividad física acuática para la salud, así como los diferentes métodos para potenciar o trabajar cualidades físicas como pueden ser: la fuerza, resistencia o flexibilidad. El apartado que se desarrolla en más profundidad es el de la columna vertebral y el medio acuático. Para ello, se ha elaborado un programa semestral de reeducación postural en el agua, para cada una de las tres principales patologías del raquis: escoliosis, hiperlordosis e hipercifosis.

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A method that provides athree-dimensional representation ofthe basin ofattraction of a dynamical system from experimen tal data was applied tothe problem ofdynamic balance restoration. The method isbased onthe density ofthe data onthe phase space ofthe system under study and makes use ofmodeling and numerical curve fittingtools.For the dynamical system ofbalance restora tion,the shape and the size of the basin of attraction depend on the dynamics of the postural restoring mechanisms and contain important information regarding the biomechanical,as well as the neuromuscular condition of the individual. The aim ofthis work was toexamine the ability ofthe method todetect, through the observed changes inthe shape and/or the size ofthe calculated basins of attraction, (a)the inherent differences between different systems (in the current application, postural restoring systems of different individuals)and (b)induced chan ges in the same system (thepostural restoring system of an individual).The results ofthe study confirm the validity of the method and furthermore justify its robustness.

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The aim of this study was the determination of the deforming micromechanisms of needlepunched felts subjected to impact loads. A large experimental campaign has been carried out to analyze the influence of the fiber alignment in the ballistic performance. Ballistic limit curves of predeformed samples were compared. The fiber realignment was experimentally measure by means of 2D X-Ray diffraction. Higher specific absorption was observed for samples with a more isotropic mechanical response. A constitutive physicallybased model was developed within the context of the finite element method, which provided the constitutive response for a mesodomain including micromechanical aspects as fiber alignment, fiber sliding and pull-out. The macroscopic response has been validated with the experimental results, showing a very good agreement. The absorbed energy by the material during the impact was predicted and the fiber realignment evolution was also obtained.