Identificação taxonômica e análise conexionista de bactérias heterotróficas e fatores abióticos de ambientes lóticos sob influência de efluentes do refino no petróleo

This study used a multi-analytical approach based on traditional microbiological methods for cultivation and isolation of heterotrophic bacteria in the laboratory associated with the molecular identification of the isolates and physicochemical analysis of environmental samples. The model chosen for data integration was supported by knowledge from computational neuroscience, and composed by three modules: (i) microbiological parameters, contemplating taxonomic data obtained from the partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from 80 colonies of heterotrophic bacteria isolated by plating method in PCA media. For bacterial colonies isolation were used water samples from Atibaia and Jaguarí rivers collected at the site of water captation for use in effluent treatment, upstream from the entrance of treated effluent from the Paulínia refinery (REPLAN/Petrobras) located in the Paulínia-SP municipality, from the output of the biological treatment plant with stabilization pond and from the raw refinery wastewater; (ii) chemical parameters, ending measures of dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, acidity CaCO3, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved ions, sulfides, oils and greases; and (iii) physical parameters, comprising the pH determination, conductivity, temperature, transparency, settleable solids, suspended and soluble solids, volatile material, remaining fixing material (RFM), apparent color and turbidity. The results revealed interesting theoretical relationships involving two families of bacteria (Carnobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae). Carnobacteriaceae revealed positive theoretical relationships with COD, BOD, nitrate, chloride, temperature, conductivity and apparent color and negative theoretical relationships with the OD. Positive theoretical relationships were shown between Aeromonadaceae and OD and nitrate, while this bacterial family showed negative theoretical...

Características do aço API X70 utilizado em tubos de transporte de petróleo e gás

Having in mind that petroleum's history presents a huge growth, the exploration and production areas have been receiving lots of investments, in order to attend the increasing demand for gas and petroleum. Looking through that scenario, new technologies have been evolving in favor of discovering new natural petroleum deposits and act with effectiveness in truly deep waters without giving up the worldwide best operational security practices. The use of rigid pipes in marine installations have been rising quickly and, thanks to this reality, the many storage and pipe launching forms became study objects and are getting improved. The analysis of steel API X70 characteristics, proving that they are suitable for use in pipes developed to transport gas and petroleum is the theme of this presentation. A tensile test was conducted to determine the base metal's mechanical properties, draining's tension, traction's resistance, elasticity's modulus and maximum tension. An aspect that is concerning too is the metallographic analysis, in order to determine the studied iron's microstructure. Results of analyzes showed that the steel has high resistance, with good capacity for deformation and well defined yield point, concluding suitable for the application in question

Estudo do efeito Bauschinger em tubos de aço API 5l x70 aplicados no transporte de petróleo e gás

Despite the growing concern in seeking more sustainable energy sources, oil demand is likely to grow in coming years. To keep up with this growth, the oil industry has increasingly invested in innovation and efficiency. Knowing that, new technologies have been developed to explore deeper waters, without giving up the best practices in worldwide operational safety. The use of rigid pipelines in deepwater offshore facilities is increasing quickly and because of this, the ways of storing and launching pipe have been studied and perfected. In this paper the Bauschinger effect on API 5L X70 steel was analyzed proving that there was a reduction in yield strength when an effort was applied in a previous direction, then an effort was then applied in the opposite direction. To observe this phenomenon, the tensile test was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the base metal, such as yield stress, tensile strength, elasticity and maximum tensile, so then compare it with the results obtained in the Bauschinger Effect Test. The analysis results showed that the steel had high resistance, with good plastic deformation capacity without failing, well-defined yield point, showing itself appropriate for the operation of oil and gas pipes

Colunas de Winogradsky com águas contaminadas por petróleo e derivados monitoradas por ensaios ecotoxicológicos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Identificação taxonômica e análise conexionista de bactérias heterotróficas e fatores abióticos de ambientes lóticos sob influência de efluentes do refino no petróleo

This study used a multi-analytical approach based on traditional microbiological methods for cultivation and isolation of heterotrophic bacteria in the laboratory associated with the molecular identification of the isolates and physicochemical analysis of environmental samples. The model chosen for data integration was supported by knowledge from computational neuroscience, and composed by three modules: (i) microbiological parameters, contemplating taxonomic data obtained from the partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from 80 colonies of heterotrophic bacteria isolated by plating method in PCA media. For bacterial colonies isolation were used water samples from Atibaia and Jaguarí rivers collected at the site of water captation for use in effluent treatment, upstream from the entrance of treated effluent from the Paulínia refinery (REPLAN/Petrobras) located in the Paulínia-SP municipality, from the output of the biological treatment plant with stabilization pond and from the raw refinery wastewater; (ii) chemical parameters, ending measures of dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, acidity CaCO3, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved ions, sulfides, oils and greases; and (iii) physical parameters, comprising the pH determination, conductivity, temperature, transparency, settleable solids, suspended and soluble solids, volatile material, remaining fixing material (RFM), apparent color and turbidity. The results revealed interesting theoretical relationships involving two families of bacteria (Carnobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae). Carnobacteriaceae revealed positive theoretical relationships with COD, BOD, nitrate, chloride, temperature, conductivity and apparent color and negative theoretical relationships with the OD. Positive theoretical relationships were shown between Aeromonadaceae and OD and nitrate, while this bacterial family showed negative theoretical...

Características do aço API X70 utilizado em tubos de transporte de petróleo e gás

Having in mind that petroleum's history presents a huge growth, the exploration and production areas have been receiving lots of investments, in order to attend the increasing demand for gas and petroleum. Looking through that scenario, new technologies have been evolving in favor of discovering new natural petroleum deposits and act with effectiveness in truly deep waters without giving up the worldwide best operational security practices. The use of rigid pipes in marine installations have been rising quickly and, thanks to this reality, the many storage and pipe launching forms became study objects and are getting improved. The analysis of steel API X70 characteristics, proving that they are suitable for use in pipes developed to transport gas and petroleum is the theme of this presentation. A tensile test was conducted to determine the base metal's mechanical properties, draining's tension, traction's resistance, elasticity's modulus and maximum tension. An aspect that is concerning too is the metallographic analysis, in order to determine the studied iron's microstructure. Results of analyzes showed that the steel has high resistance, with good capacity for deformation and well defined yield point, concluding suitable for the application in question

Estudo do efeito Bauschinger em tubos de aço API 5l x70 aplicados no transporte de petróleo e gás

Despite the growing concern in seeking more sustainable energy sources, oil demand is likely to grow in coming years. To keep up with this growth, the oil industry has increasingly invested in innovation and efficiency. Knowing that, new technologies have been developed to explore deeper waters, without giving up the best practices in worldwide operational safety. The use of rigid pipelines in deepwater offshore facilities is increasing quickly and because of this, the ways of storing and launching pipe have been studied and perfected. In this paper the Bauschinger effect on API 5L X70 steel was analyzed proving that there was a reduction in yield strength when an effort was applied in a previous direction, then an effort was then applied in the opposite direction. To observe this phenomenon, the tensile test was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the base metal, such as yield stress, tensile strength, elasticity and maximum tensile, so then compare it with the results obtained in the Bauschinger Effect Test. The analysis results showed that the steel had high resistance, with good plastic deformation capacity without failing, well-defined yield point, showing itself appropriate for the operation of oil and gas pipes

O Mercosul sedimentar: sedimentos como produtos de exportação/importação

Devido à falta de bacias de drenagem significativas, a plataforma continental sul-sudeste brasileira foi considerada uma plataforma relíquia, na qual os sedimentos depositados representavam única e exclusivamente o fruto do retrabalhamento de sedimentos depositados em tratos de mar baixo. Nos últimos dez anos, a identificação de depósitos de mudbelts na plataforma continental interna e média, associada com o emprego de novos marcadores geoquímicos, permitiu a quebra desse paradigma, bem como o reconhecimento da importância da Bacia do Rio da Prata como elemento exportador de sedimentos para a margem continental do Atlântico Sudoeste. A utilização de isótopos radioativos, naturais e artificiais permitiu identificar o potencial de exportação de sedimentos de origem basáltica até a latitude de 25o S, permitindo separar, geoquimicamente, duas províncias sedimentares de plataforma, utilizando-se a Ilha de São Sebastião como feição morfológica a marcar essa diferenciação. A continuidade dos estudos, em colunas sedimentares holocênicas permitiu identificar o incremento do aporte do Rio da Prata, sobre a plataforma continental, na transição do Holoceno Médio para o Holoceno Tardio. Finalmente, novos estudos estão sendo propostos para avaliar a exportação desses sedimentos, em direção à bacia oceânica, através dos sistemas de cânions existentes no limite da província sedimentar da plataforma sul

Modelo tridimensional de camino aleatorio para un derrame de petróleo : aplicación al derrame producido por el North Cape

Doctorado en Ciencias Físicas. Programa de Oceanografía y Física aplicada.

El petróleo y el mero mero mar

[ES]Mesa redonda en la que se exponen desde distintos ángulos estudios que analizan la cuestión relativa al petróleo y la viabilidad de prospección y explotación en aguas cercanas a Canarias, tanto como recurso, como contaminante, como vertido en superficie y profundidad, el papel de las corrientes, abriéndose un deabte sobre las implicaciones sociales y políticas.

Consideraciones sobre la extracción del petróleo en aguas de Canarias: mesa redonda celebrada el jueves 27 de septiembre de 2012 en la sede de la Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Gran Canaria

[ES] Se plantea la cuestión de las prospecciones petrolíferas en aguas de Canarias desde el punto de vista de la geología del petróleo como recurso mineral, como fuente de energía y energías alternativas y el impacto que para la vida marina tendría la posible explotación del petróleo en aguas de Canarias

Petróleo, sociedad y ambiente: El caso del Ecuador, América del Sur

[ES] Esta charla se centra en la explotación petrolera en Ecuador, los aspectos sociales vinculados a la experencia petrolera y los distintos aspectos de la contaminación ambiental asociada, derrames de petróleo, contaminación del agua, suelos y atmósfera, centrándose en el caso TEXACO. Por último se referirá a la vinculación del petróelo y la Universidad en Ecuador. La conferencia lleva por título Petróleo, Sociedad y ambiente: el caso del Ecuador, América del Sur.

La Conexión Africana : el impacto de las plataformas de petróleo

[ES] Durante más de dos décadas hemos estudiado la deriva larvaria desde la plataforma africana hacia el Archipiélago Canario. Se ha encon-trado una conectividad entre ambas costas, la denominada Conexión Africana, que origina un fenómeno de amplia trascendencia biológica y socioeconómica para las pesquerías locales en Canarias. Dicho transporte larvario promueve un flujo genético y un aporte de nuevos indi-viduos que alimenta las pesquerías alrededor de las islas, existiendo una coincidencia entre las especies dominantes en la plataforma africana, la presencia de sus larvas en los filamentos de afloramiento que se ex-tienden hacia el archipiélago, y las capturas por parte de los pescadores canarios. Los resultados tanto de las distintas campañas oceanográficas como de los modelos desarrollados muestran que existe un transporte importante de partículas y organismos hacia el Archipiélago Canario. Este transporte demuestra que, al igual que las larvas, todo aquello que derive en la masa de agua en la zona derivará hacia las Islas Canarias. Las plataformas de petróleo que se quieren instalar entre el Archipiéla-go Canario y la costa africana se localizan justamente en el lugar de mayor sensibilidad para el transporte larvario que alimenta las pesquerías de pequeños pelágicos. Un derrame en esta zona tendrá un impacto ecológico catastrófico en todas las islas, tal y como se reconoce en estudios de la propia concesionaria, afectando a los sistemas pelágicos y costeros durante un período de tiempo indeterminado.

Acerca de la Tesis "Del Día del Petróleo Nacional al Día Nacional del Petróleo en propagandas y publicidades gráficas comodorenses de YPF"

El artículo presentará resultados obtenidos en una Tesis de Grado de la Licenciatura en Comunicación Social de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. En ese trabajo, un análisis de imagen y discurso, nos propusimos estudiar comparativamente los discursos publicitarios que YPF emitió antes y después de ser privatizada. La conmemoración del 13 de diciembre, aniversario del descubrimiento del petróleo en el país (ocurrido en Comodoro Rivadavia), fue tomada como referencia. Nos preguntamos, entre otras cosas, cómo conciben Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF) y Repsol a sus objetivos empresariales en relación al recurso y su vinculación con el desarrollo nacional. Por medio de lecturas de segundo orden que problematizan las relaciones entre significantes y significados que se nos imponen a través de procesos hegemónicos, deconstruimos veinticinco propagandas y publicidades publicadas en la prensa gráfica local entre 1943 y 2007. Cada mensaje fue entendido como un texto multimodal; y sus contextos de emisión, las estructuras internas de las imágenes y los mensajes propuestos nos interesaron especialmente. Nuestra mirada dio algunos sentidos posibles a las imágenes ypefianas, en un intento de "desmitificar" los avisos y deconstruirlos para luego "volver a armarlos"